1. Björn Brembs
Universität Regensburg
http://brembs.net - @brembs

2. Björn Brembs
Universität Regensburg
http://brembs.net - @brembs

3. 1991 – ~2013 because of subscriptions.
Since ~2013 despite subscriptions: Correct!
Wrong!

4. Downsized from institutional to incidental problem

6. https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnhum.2013.00291/full and https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnhum.2018.00037/full

7. DOI: 10.1098/rsos.160384

8. Counting Prestige & Productivity
=> Selecting the sloppy scientists

10. “Do you trust scientists?”

11. Breitbart, Dec. 2016: http://www.breitbart.com/london/2016/10/28/hear-scientist-talk-peer-review-reach-browning

12. Scholars produce text, data and code

13. • Journal prestige correlates with unreliability
• No scientific impact analysis
• Suboptimal peer-review
• Massive transparency issues
• No effective sort, filter and discover solution
• No functional hyperlinks
• Static data visualizations
• No content mining
• No social component
• No global search
• Hardly any user statistics
• Access complicated or temporary
• etc.…it’s like the internet in 1995!

14. Report on Integration of Data and Publications, ODE Report 2011
http://www.alliancepermanentaccess.org/wp-content/plugins/download-monitor/download.php?id=ODE+Report+on+Integration+of+Data+and+Publications

18. UNIVAC (A-2) 1953: share and re-use of code/software

20. Sources: Van Noorden, R. (2013). Open access: The true cost of science publishing. Nature 495, 426–429
The 2018 STM report: https://www.stm-assoc.org/2018_10_04_STM_Report_2018.pdf
Annual approximate journal revenue US$ 10Mrd
Published peer-reviewed articles per year, approx. 2Mio
Cost per TA article US$ 5000

21. Online submission US$ 21.70
DOI US$ 1.94
Plagiarism detection US$ 0.95
Fundref US$ 0.31
Bibliographic reference normalization US$ 25.00
Production of XML, PDFWeb, PDF for Print and EPUB US$ 100.00
indexing, online publication and interoperability US$ 66.45
Costs per OA article US$ 216.35

23. The disaster that is our information
infrastructure

25. 216.35
5000
SERVICE CONTENT
perarticlecost[US$]
Potentialforreform:US$9.56billionp.a.
tomorrow today
~3 billion / year
~2 billion / year

26. 216.35
5000
SERVICE CONTENT
perarticlecost[US$]
Potentialforreform:US$9.56billionp.a.
tomorrow today
• Substitutable Services (-> competition!)
• No author facing costs
• Journal functionalities can be copied
• Cost-neutral solutions for data/code
• No individual mandates necessary
• No journals, no need to judge journal quality
• …
• …
• …
• …
• …
• …
• Side effect: permanent, legal, public access
A sustainable scholarly infrastructure:

27. 1. Build on available standards and guidelines to establish
a certification process for a sustainable scholarly
infrastructure
2. Funders require institutional certification before
reviewing grant applications
3. Institutions use subscription funds to implement
infrastructure for certification

29. • evidence that the system is not working
• difficult and tedious to monitor and enforce
• a form of coercion, bound to be met with resistance
• only lead to systemic change at scale: 7-8m FTE scholars
• contain APC-OA incentives
• not well supported by infrastructure
Mandates are slow and potentially counter-productive