BioBarrier Membrane BioReactors (MBR & HSMBR®) (for residential & commercial wastewater treatment applications) Portfolio Book

1. BioMicrobics is a Global Leader in Decentralized Water, Wastewater, and Stormwater Treatment.

2. 2 www.biomicrobics.com Thank you for your interest in BioMicrobics® products. About: As a leading manufacturer of Simple, Low‐Cost, Robust wastewater (residential, commercial, & marine), graywater, water recycling, and stormwater treatment systems, BioMicrobics ensures a clean environment and opportunities for water reuse; as well as, treatment products for the agricultural, dairy, and food processing industries. Our pre‐engineered, pre‐packaged wastewater treatment systems are ideal for single‐ family homes, multi‐family residential properties, small communities, commercial applications, and marine vessels. These “Fixed Integrated Treatment Technologies” (FITT®) are the result of decades of real world operating history and proven results that offer significant environmental benefits…FITT® for the Purpose Intended. BioMicrobics, Inc. | 16002 West 110th Street | Lenexa, KS 66227 USA Scienco/BIOMICROBICS – a division of BioMicrobics, Inc. | Saint Louis Missouri SeptiTech – a subsidiary of BioMicrobics, Inc. | Portland, Maine (p) 913‐422‐0707 | (f) 913‐422‐0808 | 800‐753‐BIOMICROBICS e: sales@biomicrobics.com web: www.biomicrobics.com www.sciencoBioMicrobics.com www.septitech.com www.biomicrobicswinery.com © 2018 BioMicrobics, Inc. All Rights Reserved. Any reproduction by any means of the photos in this book is prohibited without prior written permission from BioMicrobics, Inc. Created by the Marketing Department of BioMicrobics, Inc., images are provided by the Field Services Department, Installers of Distributors and/or Dealers of BioMicrobics, or from any other Representative of BioMicrobics. For questions about photos, images, products, or other, please contact BioMicrobics, Inc. at 1-800-753-3278 (BIOMICROBICS), 1-913-422-0707, or email your inquiry to sales@biomicrobics.com.

3. 3Better Water. Better World.® Welcome to BioMicrobics Portfolio Design Book. Visit www.biomicrobics.com for more information on systems, specifications, product drawings, resource library, and more! Table of Contents Contents Profile  ............................................................................................................................. 4 BioBarrier® Product Certifications ......................................................................................................... 8 Water Recycling is a Key Component of Sustainable Water Engineering ................................................. 9 BioBarrier® Basic Components .............................................................................................................. 9 Percolation Rate Equivalent ................................................................................................................ 11 Residential Installations ...................................................................................................................... 12 Commercial installations ..................................................................................................................... 23 Winery Wastewater Treatment Systems ............................................................................................. 32 Distributed Alternative to Public Sewer ............................................................................................... 37 How can the dispersal area be smaller? ............................................................................................... 40 Why should an NSF/ANSI Std 350 certified system be considered? ...................................................... 41 WATER & WASTEWATER MANAGEMENT SESSIONS: ............................................................................ 43 NOTES................................................................................................................................................. 44

4. 4 www.biomicrobics.com Profile  In 1996, BioMicrobics, Inc. was founded to manufacture and commercialize the FAST® Wastewater Treatment Technology, first developed in 1969 for workboats and ships. With the progress of onsite technologies, decentralized systems have come a long way from the days of rudimentary systems for single family homes and can now accommodate larger flows and much more complex requirements. Today whether in a residential setting or commercial property, BioMicrobics now has more than 60,000 installations in over 70 countries designed for new/existing residential developments to high- strength commercial and municipal capabilities. BioMicrobics provide solutions for decentralized applications focuses not only on the products, but our expert staff and knowledgeable Distributors, whose talent fuels our success on the local level. In addition, those properties that experience biologically-failed septic systems rarely have options to replacing an entire system (an expensive endeavor for low income housing); BioMicrobics developed the S.O.S.-Save Our Septic® Warranty Program for retrofits in an existing septic tank. As a leading manufacturer of Simple, Low-Cost, Robust wastewater (residential, commercial, & marine), graywater, water recycling, and stormwater treatment systems, BioMicrobics ensures a clean environment... FITT® for the purpose intended.

5. 5Better Water. Better World.® ABOUT BIOBARRIER® MANUFACTURED BY BIOMICROBICS “…The BioBarrier® MBR is listed for wastewater treatment for residential applications. It is an in round unit which can be incorporated into new or existing septic tanks. A SaniTEE® system is used to attenuate flow to improve settling and solids retention in the primary chamber. An above ground blower pumps large volumes of air into an aeration system in the secondary chamber.” SIMPLE, LOW‐COST, ROBUST  Simple Clean‐in‐Place (CIP) maintenance to prolong membrane efficiency  Automated system acts as a batch reactor to cycle on/off  Properly installed and maintained, the system stays in compliance with most standards worldwide The immersed membrane technology utilized in the BioBarrier Systems allows for installation into a smaller footprint with both above or below ground tank options. BioMicrobics wastewater treatment systems are certified to the highest standards and are first‐in‐class often establishing the material, design, construction and performance requirements for onsite residential and commercial applications. Ideal for residential, community and commercial applications, the BIOBARRIER® process outperforms conventional other advanced greywater and wastewater treatment systems. The complete, optimized design of the BioBarrier MBR system dramatically simplifies the settling, screening, direct aeration and ultrafiltration of the wastewater treatment process to remove 99.9% of the contaminants. BioBarrier® Membrane BioReactor (MBR) system utilizing robust biological processes and ultrafiltration separation to treat wastewater to a high standard, allowing the wastewater to be reused in accordance with the NSF/ANSI Standard 350 certification – which it was the first system to receive this certification! BIOBARRIER® 0.5, 1.0, & 1.5 systems are tested and certified to NSF/ANSI Standards 40 (Class I), 245, & 350 (water reuse). The immersed membrane technology utilized in the BioBarrier Systems allows for installation into a smaller footprint with both above or below ground tank options. The pre‐engineered, packaged system comes complete with supplemental aeration, control panel and membrane unit(s). Easy to operate, the BioBarrier becomes the perfect solution for extremely high BOD applications. BIOBARRIER® RETROFIT SINGLE-FAMILY MULTI-FAMILY COMMERCIAL COMMUNITY OTHER BIOBARRIER® GWMBR™ X X X X BIOBARRIER® MBR X X X X BIOBARRIER® HSMBR® X X X X X BIOBARRIER® HSMBR® WINERY X X PARAMETER LIMIT CBOD5 30 day avg. 10 mg/L 7 day avg. 10 mg/L TSS 30 day avg. 10 mg/L 7 day avg. 10 mg/L pH 6‐9 s.u. Total Nitrogen: Exceeds min 50% reduction of influent

6. 6 www.biomicrobicsillinois.com PROVEN, ENGINEERED MEMBRANE TECHNOLOGY  Ideal for water reuse, direct discharge, low effluent TN requirements, and/or small lots, tight soils or minimum disposal land applications  Ultra‐filtration sewage treatment process that REMOVES 99.9% OF CONTAMINANTS  physical & biological process with bacterial treatment and membrane separation to Filter impurities to create a high‐quality effluent from greywater or blackwater  Fully submerged, and promotes suspended treatment system that digests nutrients & processes the influent clear down to separating individual bacteria & microbes from the effluent.  Implemented in situations where water quality is paramount importance Focused on Environmental Engineering and water recycling, the BioBarrier® MBR and HSMBR®, unlike a Septic System, takes up a fraction of the size and provides a PERMANENT SOLUTION for:  Single‐Family Homes  Vacation Homes  Apartment Complexes  Restaurants  Truck Stops/Rest Areas  Business Parks/Strip Malls  Hotels/Motels/Resorts  Subdivisions/Community The resulting highly treated effluent can be used for vineyard irrigation, landscape area, water features/fountains, dust control, and a variety of other water reuse applications to:  Produces quality effluent, ideal for water reuse to help conserve natural resources  Strong, durable components, long lasting performance.  Ships installation ready making it easier to install, operate, and maintain.  Pre‐engineered, modular design at an affordable price.  Advanced, immersed membrane technology allows for installation both above & below ground tank.  Protect ground/surface water and overcome land constraints

7. 7Better Water. Better World.® ARTICLE | OOWA Membership Newsletter | 06/16, pgs. 31‐33: Complete Wastewater Reuse: The Ultimate Solution for Onsite Wastewater Treatment By Thomas W. Bain, P.Eng. & Allan Hazelton, Great Lakes Clean Water ‐ L.P [EXERPT] “…Additional research shows that the National Sanitation Foundation (NSF) has developed new American National Standards NSF/ANSI 350 and 350‐1 for “evaluating and approving water reuse treatment technologies.” NSF/ANSI Standard 350: Onsite Residential and Commercial Water Reuse Treatment Systems NSF/ANSI Standard 350‐1: Onsite Greywater Treatment Systems for Subsurface Discharge “These standards encompass both residential and commercial applications divided into those that treat all the wastewater flow from a building and those that treat the greywater portion only. While both standards are appropriate for non‐ potable water use, Standard 350 has more restrictive effluent quality requirements than those of Standard 350‐1.” “Both Standards 350 and 350‐1 are based on 26 weeks of continuous testing with regularly scheduled sampling throughout, typically three days a week. The purpose of such a lengthy test with high volume of sampling is to assess the reliability of the product over time.” ref. Thomas Bruursema – NSF. In addition to the noted influent requirements on page 31, there are loading sequence requirements for greywater treatment systems and daily loading requirements for wastewater treatment systems for full performance evaluation. “Two wastewater reuse systems have already been tested, certified, and listed under NSF/ANSI 350. They are the NEXtreater [greywater‐only] by Nexus eWater Pty. Ltd. and the BioBarrier® MBR [total wastewater] by BioMicrobics Inc.” “…The BioBarrier® MBR is listed for wastewater treatment for residential applications. It is an in round unit which can be incorporated into new or existing septic tanks. A SaniTEE system is used to attenuate flow to improve settling and solids retention in the primary chamber. An above ground blower pumps large volumes of air into an aeration system in the secondary chamber. A flat sheet membrane cartridge is also located in the secondary chamber. Air bubble are vigorously forced upward through the membrane plates scouring and cleaning the membrane and providing oxygen for improved aerobic digestion. The flat sheet membranes have pore sizes between 0.3 – 1.3 microns using both micro and ultra‐filtration to block bacteria and other solids. Aeration from the bottom creates upward flow between the membranes allowing treated water to pass through for reuse. High quality treated water exits the unit using an in tank pump.” … Permission for use granted by Ontario Onsite Wastewater Association (OOWA) Article & table published in OOWA Membership Newsletter, June 2016, pg 32.

8. 8 www.biomicrobicsillinois.com BioBarrier® Product Certifications Our products are certified to the highest national and international standards in our industry. If you require additional certification marks, etc, please e‐mail your request to sales@biomicrobics.com. NSF/ANSI Standard 40, Class 1 Certified (BioBarrier® 0.5, 1.0, & 1.5) – NSF (National Sanitation Foundation International) tests residential wastewater treatment systems having rated capacities between 400 gallons (1514 Liters) and 1500 gallons (5678 Liters) per day. The Standard 40 includes a wide range of product evaluation methods and criteria for residential treatment systems. Most notably is the ability of the treatment system to produce an acceptable quality of effluent. This is demonstrated during a six month (26 week) test where wastewater of required strength is subjected to the system at the rated capacity of the system as evenly dosed at periods prescribed by the standard. Stress sequences are included to simulate wash day, working parent, power outage, and vacation conditions. The effluent criteria required of a Class I system is based on the U.S. EPA secondary effluent treatment requirements for municipal treatment facilities. In addition to the effluent performance, requirements also exist for product literature, including installation, operation and maintenance, and trouble shooting and repair manuals. The system must also meet minimum requirements for structural integrity, leakage, noise, electrical certification, access ports, failure sensing and signaling equipment (visual and audible alarms), flow design, data plate and service labels. NSF/ANSI Standard 245 (Nitrogen Reduction) Certified (BioBarrier® 0.5, 1.0, & 1.5) – Developed for systems to provide acceptable levels of nitrogen reduction. The evaluation involves six months of performance testing, incorporating stress tests to simulate wash day, working parent, power outage, and vacation conditions. Throughout the testing, samples are collected during design loading periods and evaluated against the pass/fail requirements. A treatment system must meet the following effluent concentrations averaged over the course of the testing period in order to meet Standard 245 (CBOD5=25 mg/L, TSS=30 mg/L, Total Nitrogen=at least a 50% average of influent TKN, and pH=6.0 to 9.0 SU). NSF/ANSI tested for bacterial reduction of fecal coliform (BioBarrier® 0.5, 1.0, & 1.5) NSF/ANSI Standard 350, Class R (Water Reuse) Certified (BioBarrier® 0.5, 1.0, & 1.5 – FIRST system to achieve this Standard!) – Developed for residential wastewater treatment systems designed to provide for water reuse onsite. The evaluation involves 6 months of performance testing, incorporating stress tests to simulate wash day, working parent, power outage, and vacation conditions. With a key focus on public health and appropriate water quality criteria for reuse applications; this is the first standard of its type for comprehensive evaluation of water reuse technologies, spanning residential and commercial applications. Technologies testing against Standard 350 must meet Standard 40 and 245 prior to testing. EN 12566‐3 (European Union Standards) – Packaged and/or site assembled domestic wastewater treatment plants for up to 50 People All Control Panels – CSA (Canadian Standards Association) Electrical Certification CSA International and the International Association of Electrical Inspectors (IAEI), the Electrical Safety Foundation International (ESFI), Health Canada, provincial regulators, and the U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC) to promote standards for consumer safety in North America and around the world. CSA testing is accepted by key conformity assessment organizations in the U.S. including IAPMO and ASSE. Tested and meets applicable standards for safety and/or performance, including the applicable standards written or administered by the American National Standards Institute (ANSI), Underwriters Laboratories (UL), Canadian Standards Association (CSA), National Sanitation Foundation International (NSF), and others. All Control Panels – CE – European Electrical Systems (including a “Tropical Certification Rating”) The European (EN) standards by adopting universal requirements to cover all of Europe and promote the free movement of goods within Europe. When products have been shown to meet the essential requirements of the directive or EN standard the product is available for sale anywhere in the European market. All Control Panels – ETL and RoHS Compliant – Intertek Testing Services Evaluated and meets the standard equivalent to the requirements set by Intertek and equivalent to UL (Underwriter’s Laboratories). Periodic checks are performed to assure consistent compliance of the product and in compliance with both Canadian and U.S. requirements. All Control Panels – SASO (Saudi Arabian Standards Organization) Electrical Standards. The Saudi Arabian Standards Organization approves national standards and measurements for all commodities and products, methods of sampling, inspection and testing, in addition to other assignments resolved by SASO Board of Directors in the Kingdom.

9. 9Better Water. Better World.® Water Recycling is a Key Component of Sustainable Water Engineering The complete, optimized design of the BioBarrier® MBR system dramatically simplifies the settling, screening, direct aeration and ultrafiltration of the wastewater treatment process. The BioBarrier® MBR systems removes 99.9% of the contaminants from the wastewater. Certified to NSF/ANSI 40 class 1, NSF/ANSI 245 (nitrogen reduction), and NSF/ANSI 350 standards, this blackwater/greywater treatment system establishes the material, design, construction and performance requirements for onsite residential and commercial applications. Installed below or above grade in locally sourced tanks, the BioBarrier MBR and HSMBR, from 500 GPD to 27,000+ GPD flows, also meet water quality requirements for the reduction of chemical and microbiological contaminants for non‐potable water use. The treated wastewater (i.e. high quality effluent) can be used for restricted indoor water use and/or unrestricted outdoor water use. A packaged, pre‐engineered, scalable, efficient solution enables property owners, regardless of their size, to gain a rapid return on their investment.

10. 10 www.biomicrobicsillinois.com BioBarrier® Basic Components Primary Zone/Tank: • SaniTEE® Screening Device Treatment Zone/Tank: • Membrane Module with Aeration Grid • Permeate Pump • Level Floats • [Optional] Supplemental Aeration for HSMBR® Components above grade: • Blower & Blower Housing • Control Panel

11. 11Better Water. Better World.®

12. 12 www.biomicrobicsillinois.com Percolation Rate Equivalent

13. 13Better Water. Better World.® Residential Installations

14. 14 www.biomicrobicsillinois.com Reclaim Your Yard with BioBarrier® MBR The difference between the MBR ( BioBarrier® ) and ANY other onsite system is that the dispersal area is very small, about 1/20th the size of a Septic System. For a 3 bedroom home where the septic soil test showed a .27 gal/sqft/day area required. And, unlike ANY other onsite system, this is permanent. You will never need to dig up your yard or need to reserve an area for septic replacement/expansion. So, you can put in that pool you wanted, build the Gazebo or patio, or build a man cave garage! Your yard is yours, again. MBR system Shown is a quick servicing of the system. After time mechanical parts can wear out, these can be easily replaced. The cost of long term service for a BioBarrier® is comparable to your sewer bill if you lived in a city. The only Dispersal area ever needed There wasn't enough room using every square inch of the property to put in any type of septic system let alone it would have to be a mound because of the high water table. With a BioBarrier a little 8’ by 10’ bed right at the seasonal high water table was all that was needed. And again, this will last the life of the home as no other septic system could!

16. 16 www.biomicrobicsillinois.com Installation of BioBarrier with Infiltrator E‐Z flow drain field: Here is a job using a BioMicrobics BioBarrier that highlights the difference between an MBR and ANY other technology used in the onsite wastewater industry. This a repair in an older subdivision platted in the early 60′s where no thought was given to the wastewater system. Tiny lots. Wet dense clay soil. The only option other than a BioBarrier was to hook this house up to the common drainage tiles and let the sewage run into the nearby creek. Because the MBR (BioBarrier) removes all measurable organics, bacteria, and suspended solids there was plenty of room in this dense clay soil for a subsurface dispersal system. This installation is as permanent as public sewer and will last the life of the home. No other wastewater technology can do this. Every other onsite system available would clog this soil with organics and sludge even if the dispersal field was 10 or 20 times larger. “Only an MBR can do this. This is all the room that will ever be needed. No expansion area is required, unlike septic systems that will eventually clog the soil and fail.” ~ Kurt Bihler, BihlerTech, Inc.

17. 17Better Water. Better World.® BioBarrier®

18. 18 www.biomicrobicsillinois.com MBR installation in Rock Island County BioBarrier® MBR installation for a 3 bedroom home in Rock Island County by Decook Development. This job truly shows the advantages in space saving for MBR filtrate over septic tank or aerobic treatment plant effluent. The filtrate dispersal area consisted of two 14′ lines of Infiltrator EQ 24 chambers. ( 28 lineal feet total ). This soil was classified for septic fields with a .3 gallon per square foot loading rate. This would have required 666 feet of trench with a septic tank or 440 feet with an NSF 40 Aerobic treatment unit as opposed to only 28 feet with a BioBarrier. The soil has no part in the treatment process with MBR filtrate and therefore has no demand for oxygen and produces no sludge either aerobically or anaerobically to clog the pores in the soil and impede the water flow. The 28 lineal feet of filtrate dispersal area is as permanent as public sewer unlike the 660/440 feet of septic / aerobic trench that would progressively clog with the conversion of soluble pollution into solid sludge and eventually need to be replaced again, or if there was no more room availible, converted into a surface discharging system requiring an NPDES permit. Rock Island System – 2‐years later UPDATE An inside look at Infiltrator® chambers receiving BioBarrier® filtrate from a 3‐bedroom home in Rock Island County, Illinois. There are two 14′ lines (28 feet total) of Infiltrator® EQ24 chambers. This was a repair of a failed system because of excessive laundry usage. These pictures were taken after the BioBarrier® 0.5 MBR system has been in continuous service for 2 years. The inside view of the absorption trenches that follow the NSF350 certified MBR system shows even after continuously running for two years, the drainfield shows NO biomat build‐up. Thanks to Sheri Duhme of the Rock Island County Health Department for taking these pictures and Tim and Cindi DeCook [Decook Development Inc., Port Byron, IL, (309) 523‐3100] for doing an excellent job on this installation.

20. 20 www.biomicrobicsillinois.com

21. 21Better Water. Better World.® 5‐Bedroom Home JW Trenching installed the BioBarrier® 1.0 MBR System with needing only two 48′ Infiltrator® “Drainfield Chamber” trenches. Infiltrometer testing and site planning/survey performed by Land Technology. About the Contractor: JW Trenching, Inc. specializes in septic system installation, repair, design, troubleshooting, and service. http://www.jwtrenching.com About the Engineer Designer: Land Technology, McHenry, IL, was established in August of 1993 for the purpose of providing impeccable civil engineering and land surveying services. We strive to complete each job on time and to provide competent staff with expert knowledge of the design service requested. http://lt‐pe.com/

22. 22 www.biomicrobicsillinois.com Scheduled Service Call for system Perfectly operating BioBarrier® MBR… The mixed liquor is about 8000 mg/L, right in the middle of the operating range. No other type of subsurface disposal system would have worked on this site; only an MBR. Everything works just as it’s supposed to be. No other type of subsurface disposal system would have worked on this site; only an MBR. Dispersal field is only half used, despite high water usage from the household.

23. 23Better Water. Better World.® Commercial installations Commercial Systems and Larger Distributed Systems MicroFAST® & BioBarrier®: Larger, decentralized wastewater treatment systems provide small communities, subdivisions, apartment buildings and other residential developments with innovative, affordable alternatives to a centralized sewage treatment plant. MicroFAST®, HighStrengthFAST® & BioBarrier®: Available to offer commercial properties and other such applications versatile and consistent high performance ‐ even on the most seemingly unbuildable lots. Other Products & Systems Product offering includes: submerged aeration systems (LIXOR®), stormwater applications (BioSTORM® & "Top 10 Green‐Building Product" d‐Rain Joint™!), FOG (fats/oils/grease) treatment (FOGHog®), and various screening/filtration devices (SaniTEE®).

24. 24 www.biomicrobicsillinois.com Think you can’t use decentralized technologies on sewered lots? Think again: “The onsite Membrane (MBR) wastewater treatment system was cheaper than running sewer lines to the back of the lot!” ‐ N.E.T. Excavation The onsite wastewater treatment systems are ideal for schools and churches:

25. 25Better Water. Better World.® Truck Scale/Weigh Station Property Waste Management installed the BioBarrier® 0.5 MBR system for a Scale House at a Weigh Station property which required direct discharge (with NPDES Permit) of effluent.

27. 27Better Water. Better World.® Think you can’t install a Surface Discharging System in a Flood Zone? Think again: Installation of the BioBarrier MBR 1.0 with surface discharge with the high quality effluent not being a problem for surface discharge projects ‐ even in a flood zone!

35. 35Better Water. Better World.® Winery Wastewater Treatment Systems

39. 39Better Water. Better World.® Distributed Alternative to Public Sewer Opening: Sewers can be described as mainframe computers, and rightfully so; old mainframe computers were an example of “centralized” computing, and have a similar history of usage. At the time that mainframes dominated the marketplace in 1950, much of the sewer infrastructure in the Midwest went into place. Fast-forward 65 years later. The landscaping of computing is much different due to radical, new innovations like “servers” and hand-held devices, all with greater individual computing power than the mainframes of the past. Centralized sewering systems allowed for permanent, distributed water management. Large centralized sewering systems are thought to be more efficient with energy, treatment, and transfer. Soil-based wastewater treatment disposal methods have never been able to offer this. Small-scale effluent pumping systems, which use pumps and small- diameter pipes to transfer wastewater, try to mimic this approach. However, they do not offer the same economic advantages that large sewering systems do. Why only two choices? Because many people have not been aware of a viable option for permanent, distributed water management through the soil until now. Centralized Sewering Systems: From time to time, municipal and industrial wastewater treatment plants experience operational problems such as poor settling, foaming odors, loss of nitrification, poor effluent quality and maintenance issues. The smaller the treatment systems, the more likely that these issues will occur. With centralized sewering systems, there has always been difficulty in managing strength, flow, and toxins. When you add other items like grinder pumps or STEP systems to the small community treatment systems, it continues to add ongoing maintenance costs. Keep in mind, water weighs 8.34 pounds per gallon. It takes an enormous amount of energy from mechanical devices to move this weight from one side of the town to the other, not including leakages, water loss, and other fluctuations. This is before treatment has even begun. Even adding load- balancing technology to increase efficiency and decrease maintenance is not a viable solution for smaller systems. The USEPA imposes significant fines for noncompliance with discharges. With small flow distributed systems, there is definitely greater financial risk of noncompliance of one’s wastewater management system. NPDES permits are typically renewed every five years. With situations outside of the control of the community, i.e. impaired water designation caused by higher limits of bacteria, dissolved oxygen, soluble organics, and nutrients (nitrogen and phosphorous), the design of the entire plant may need to be upgraded with new compliancy equipment to address these new standards. In many cases, the cost of upgrading the plant may exceed the cost of building the original plant. Decentralized Soil-Based Onsite Systems: Soil based systems are used in rural applications with large lots and favorable soils. Based on pore size and volume, soil- based systems can be calculated for sizing until the moment of future inevitable failures. There are many variables to sizing, installing, and maintaining a soil-based system; however, this complicates the engineering of a reliable system. Soil has a limited capacity to hold suspended solids, organics, and water. The septic tank holds the floatable and settleable solids, but does not remove suspended solids or soluble organics, and does not mitigate toxins. With aerobic treatment, a larger percentage of suspended solids are removed, and a large percentage of soluble organics are converted to settleable solids also being removed from the wastewater. This only occurs when toxins are below operating limits. Whether soil-based or aerobic, the disposal field will eventually plug and seal off, causing failure. Toxins come from everyday household cleaners. In 2010, the USEPA banned the use of phosphates in household cleaners in order to prevent algae blooms in streams and rivers, which degrade water quality. The cleaning products industry had to replace phosphates with another chemical, and the cheapest alternative were quaternary ammonium cations (quats). Quats are designed to kill bacteria and thus disrupt any biological treatment process, whether in a centralized, aerobic or soil-based treatment system. When you fill up your disposal field with garbage every day, it will eventually run out of room. Thus, soil-based treatment systems can only be temporary until they fail. Solving the “Centralized vs. Decentralized” Dichotomy: Onsite membrane bioreactors are based on science and physical separation of the pollutants and pathogens to create filtrate. Even though we use onsite water dispersal, these systems are not soil-based technologies, but they replace the idea of using septic systems or hookups to a centralized sewer network. For onsite water recycling systems, three things are important: 1) quality of filtrate; 2) quantity of filtrate; and 3) rate of filtrate delivery. Onsite Water Recycling Systems: The BioBarrier® water recycling system provides precise process control for complete treatment before dispersing the filtrate. The only factor in sizing is hydroconductivity so water doesn’t surface. Even if this occurs, there is no public health risk because the water is free of bacteria. The remedy would be a small, inexpensive addition to the dispersal area. This is how these sub-surface, dispersing, water-recycling systems can be based solely on hydroconductivity, can last for the life of the home or commercial property, and thus are as permanent as public sewers with zero money for up-front cost of piping, EPA permitting, and pump stations with corresponding sewer systems.  Quality of Filtrate: The soluble organics, pathogens, and suspended solids are all below detectable limits. This means no change in hydraulic conductivity over time. Because of the lack of organics and solids, the soil’s absorption rate remains constant over time.  Quantity of Filtrate: The size of dispersal area is the same, regardless of the influent strength of wastewater, whether domestic, commercial, or even extremely high-strength waste. If hydraulic overloads occur, the excess will be trapped and monitored with high-level alarms and process control strategy. The system overcomes the rate by shutting down and alerting maintenance, and therefore, the dispersal area can never be hydraulically overloaded beyond its design limits.  Rate of Filtrate Delivery: This is based on discharge of restricted flow, which will always be less than the filtration rate of the dispersal area, whether it’s from the most permeable to the least permeable conditions. Using the BioBarrier is economically, ecologically, and, from a public health standpoint, is safer than either centralized sewering or soil-based treatment technologies. Lot size has always been limited by availability of public sewer or land for soil-based treatment. The BioBarrier’s filtrate dispersal area is smaller than the disposal area of a soil-based treatment system, typically one-tenth the size. Conclusion: The BioBarrier is the lowest risk for distributed or onsite systems for total water management.

40. 40 www.biomicrobicsillinois.com How can the dispersal area be smaller? Onsite Aerobic Treatment | Kurt Bihler, BioMicrobics Illinois There are several reasons to want to reduce the size of the dispersal area for the property owner. Whether it is cost of land to adding amenities, the typical size of a drain field takes up a lot of room that property owner sees as “open space.” This land can be reclaimed, if instead of a soil‐based treatment/disposal system, an “Active Process Control and Treatment” with dispersal of clean water through the soil is installed. How does soil‐based treatment differ with the BioBarrier MBR? In the case of a typical septic system, the strength of the wastewater can vary tremendously depending on usage, garbage disposals, dishwashers, etc.; and is, in actuality, a pretty loose estimate. This can be mitigated by using an aerobic treatment unit, instead of a septic tank; as long as the ATU is sized properly, working, serviced (including sludge management and pumping), and isn't killed off by the use of quats. The design of the system then must allow the BOD5 to be spread out evenly. The demand for oxygen is less than the passive delivery of oxygen in the soil. Otherwise, the soil will clog with anaerobic slime. And finally, after an unknown amount of treatment the water has a low enough BOD5 to pass through the pores in the soil without clogging by aerobic sludge or anaerobic slime determined by the soil's permeability. You can get a fairly accurate estimate of permeability, but that has very little weight. In the Illinois Private Sewage Code, the permeability isn't even weighted linearly. Illinois has category 1 through 12 types. On the most permeable end, Category 2, the actual rate at which the water flows through the soil (Ksat) is 1/170th of the mandated loading rate measured in gallons per square foot per day. At the other extreme, Category 12, in tight clay soils, the state loading rate is 38 times the soil permeability of water (Ksat). With the soil permeability requirements, typically the Soil‐based treatment systems can only use the ranges of 10 to 90 min/inch permeability. With an ultrafiltration membrane system, such as the BioBarrier Membrane BioReactor (MBR), permeate is water; and therefore, the permeability rate has a much wider range.

41. 41Better Water. Better World.® Why should an NSF/ANSI Std 350 certified system be considered? http://www.nsf.org/services/by‐industry/water‐wastewater/onsite‐wastewater/onsite‐reuse‐water‐treatment‐systems/ NSF 350 is a water (health) standard, not a wastewater treatment standard. NSF scientists conducted an evaluation spanning more than six months of continuous operation of the Bio‐Microbics BioBarrier® MBR treatment system at one of NSF’s approved wastewater testing facilities. NSF/ANSI 350 was developed over a four‐year period, in an ANSI‐accredited, balanced consensus process involving representation from industry manufacturers, public health officials and product users. The BioBarrier test results were non‐detectable CBOD5 and TSS. Turbidity of 0.25 NTU and E. Coli of 1.3 MPN/100 ml. There are a few molecules of pollution and a few parts per million of nutrients, but basically water down to the error rate of laboratory tests. Also, it's free of bacteria, parasites, and most viruses. The NSF/ANSI Standard 350 has a pass/fail criteria of 10 mg/l of CBOD5 and TSS. Turbidity of less than 5 NTU and E. Coli of less than 14 MPN/100 ml. “Certification to NSF/ANSI 350 positions onsite water reuse technologies as a viable solution to increasingly overburdened water and wastewater treatment facilities, water scarcity, and increasing costs associated with energy and water use,” said Tom Bruursema, General Manager of NSF Sustainability. “Innovative clean technology manufacturers, such as Bio‐Microbics, can now demonstrate the acceptability and effectiveness of their products.” As one of the first systems to comply with applicable standards, the goal of Bio‐Microbics with the BioBarrier MBR System is to use decentralized treatment technology for the benefit of water‐reuse projects that reduce fresh water consumption and minimize effluent discharge. Integrated systems with reuse opportunities contribute more to Water savings. These savings are significant over time as water recycles through the system, allowing for less dependence on potable water sources. Certification to the new NSF/ANSI 350 satisfies requirements for leading green building programs including USGBC LEED® (Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design) for Homes (2008) Water Efficiency credit for graywater reuse systems. Products certified to the NSF/ANSI 350, also could satisfy gray water use strategies under the National Association of Home Builders (NAHB) National Green Building Certification program as an innovative practice. “Bio‐Microbics is pleased to receive the NSF‐350 mark for Water Reuse,” says Bob Rebori, President of Bio‐Microbics, Inc. “In relation to the other NSF marks we have acquired through thorough testing of NSF Standards 40 and NSF 245 for Nitrogen Reduction, the 350 mark offers qualitative advantages for products that bring about positive benefits for water reuse. The NSF/ANSI Standard programs have been accepted into the inspection‐certification programs worldwide and continue to advocate for best practices for sanitation treatment.” As these regulations and certification initiatives continue to improve and grow, and as newer ones are created, the opportunities for regulating green type building construction through certification will also improve. As more countries follow these protocols, guidelines and gain the assistance of the international community, making green sustainability a right to which all peoples are entitled and are afforded, the certification programs will eventually become mandatory, versus a matter of choice for individuals and governments. NSF developed the only American national standard for evaluating onsite water reuse technologies to ensure they properly treat graywater (i.e. wastewater generated from activities such as laundry and bathing) and combined wastewater (i.e. all sources of wastewater generated within a residence or building) for reuse in non‐potable applications. NSF/ANSI Standard 350 establishes materials, design and construction, and performance requirements for onsite residential and commercial reuse treatment systems and sets water quality requirements for the reduction of chemical and microbiological contaminants for non‐potable water use. Treated wastewater (i.e. treated effluent) can be used for restricted indoor water use, such as toilet and urinal flushing, and outdoor unrestricted water use, such as lawn irrigation. "We are proud of our hard‐earned reputation as being the leading decentralized treatment manufacturer in the world, but we are even more proud of our dedication and investment to doing business in a way that is healthy for our environment and community,” said Rebori. “The new standard through NSF will further define appropriate technology for any building construction that offers water reuse to make further improvements for the benefit of human health, the environment and the economy. No other entity focuses or certifies systems for wastewater treatment more so than the NSF International.”

43. 43Better Water. Better World.® WATER & WASTEWATER MANAGEMENT SESSIONS: With a focus on Global Smart Cities and “Resilient City” Trends, the technologies involved to accomplish these goals are brought to the forefront: BioBarrier® MBR and BioBarrier® HSMBR® systems immersed membrane technology allows for installation into a smaller footprint with 99.9% of contaminants and pollutants removed from the wastewater. The BioBarrier® MBR is the first system ever to receive NSF/ANSI Standard 350 certification for water reuse. With the Recover® Greywater treatment system listed with IAPMO (International Association of Plumbing and Mechanical Officials) Research & Testing under the “Reclaimed Water Conservation System for Flushing Toilets” (Standards CSA B128.1‐ 2006 & CSA B128.2‐2006) technology, the Recover unit can reclaim this portion (approx. Up to 30%) of homes water consumption and detect toilet leakage, potentially saving another 12%. At the 2016 GREENBUILD Conference, www.buildinggreen.com selected a BioMicrobics product as one of the "Game‐ Changing Green Building Products for 2017". The d‐Rain Joint™ Rainwater Filter Drain allows to implement a water drainage system in impervious surfaces to control storm water runoff with a 5 gallon per minute flow. BioSTORM® Pre‐engineered stormwater treatment system designed to remove trash, sediment, oil and other pollutants from stormwater flows. With 5 sizes available, the versatility of the system (pre‐screening StormTEE® device and specially designed unit) to be used separately for different applications.

44. 44 www.biomicrobicsillinois.com NOTES