1. Maphub - Annotations and
Semantic Tags on Historical Maps
Bernhard Haslhofer, University of Vienna
Stanford University, April 2013, Palo Alto

2. Overview
• Historical Maps & Annotations
• Demo
• Maphub Open Annotation API
• Semantic Tagging Study
Stanford University, April 2013

3. Context
• Open Annotation Collaboration
Demonstrator Project
• Uses Library of Congress maps + metadata
• Based on previous work
• LEMO Media Annotation Framework
• yuma.min.js (now https://github.com/
annotorious)
Stanford University, April 2013

4. Historical Maps & Annotations
Stanford University, April 2013

5. Historical Maps & Annotations
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6. Benefits
• Engage people; let them tell their stories
• Collect knowledge & enhance metadata
• Connect digitized maps with other Web
resources
Stanford University, April 2013

7. Maphub Demo
http://vimeo.com/46114369
Stanford University, April 2013

8. Maphub Open Annotation API
Stanford University, April 2013

9. Maphub Open Annotation API
• Two types of Annotations
• Georeference Annotation
• Commentarial Annotation
Stanford University, April 2013

10. Georeference Annotations
Stanford University, April 2013

11. Georeference Annotations
"bernhard.haslhofer@ oa: oax: maphub: "2012-07-18T02:
cornell.edu" Annotation Tagging GeoReference 01:07Z"
"behas"
rdf:type "2012-07-18T02:
foaf:mbox rdf:type rdf:type 01:07Z"
oa:annotated
foaf:name
oa:generated
http://
http://maphubdev.
uuid:1235 maphubdev.mminf.univie.ac.at/
mminf.univie.ac.at
control_points/1
oa:annotator oa:generator
oax:hasSemanticTag oa:Specific
oa:hasTarget Resource
rdf:type
http://
oa:Fragment
sws.geonames.org/ uuid:4567 Selector
2643743/
oa:hasSelector rdf:type
oa:hasSource
uuid:8910
http:// rdf:value
samos.mminf.univie.ac.
at/maps/raw/
g3200.ct000725C.jp2 xywh=6550,6228,1,1
dc:format rdf:type
image/jp2 dcterms:StillImage
Stanford University, April 2013

12. Commentarial Annotation
Stanford University, April 2013

13. Commentarial Annotation
"bernhard.haslhofer@ oa: "2012-07-18T02:
cornell.edu" Annotation 01:07Z"
"behas"
"2012-07-18T02:
foaf:mbox rdf:type 01:07Z"
oa:annotated
foaf:name
oa:generated
http://
http://maphubdev.
uuid:1235 maphubdev.mminf.univie.ac.at/
mminf.univie.ac.at
annotations/1
oa:annotator oa:generator
oax:hasSemanticTag oax:hasSemanticTag
oa:hasTarget oa:Specific ct:ContentAs
Resource rdf:type Text
dbpedia: rdf:type
dbpedia:
Pillars_of_Hercules Strait_of_Gibraltar uuid:4567 dcterms:
oa:hasSelector
format
image/svg
cnt:Content oa:hasBody uuid:2752
oa:hasSource
AsText oa:hasSelector
rdf:type
uuid:2751
ct:chars <svg…..>
"text/plain" http://
samos.mminf.univie.ac. rdf:type
cnt:chars uuid:2753
dc:format at/maps/raw/
g3200.ct000725C.jp2
ct:ContentAs
dcterms:
Text
In antiquity, the Strait of Gibraltar (which format
dc:format
connects the Atlantic Ocean with the rdf:type
Mediterranean Sea) was also known by the
name "The Pillars of Hercules". This is the
reason for this inscription! image/jp2 application/wkt
ct:chars
POLYGON((5315
dcterms:StillImage
5639,5444….)
Stanford University, April 2013

14. Controlpoint Index
ore:
Aggregation
rdf:type
Maphub Controlpoints
dc:title
http://
maphubdev.mminf.univie.ac.at/
control_points
ore:aggregates
http://
maphubdev.mminf.univie.ac.at/
control_points/1
ore:aggregates
http://
maphubdev.mminf.univie.ac.at/
control_points/....
Stanford University, April 2013

15. Annotation Index
ore:
Aggregation
rdf:type
Maphub Commentarial
Annotations
dc:title
http://
maphubdev.mminf.univie.ac.at/
annotations
ore:aggregates
http://
maphubdev.mminf.univie.ac.at/
annotations/1
ore:aggregates
http://
maphubdev.mminf.univie.ac.at/
annotations/5
Stanford University, April 2013

16. Semantic Tagging Study
Stanford University, April 2013

17. Semantic Tagging Model
u
t
rx ry
about
K
r t u Semantic tagging
Label-based tagging t1
[Marlow et al. 2006] +
rx
ry u
rz -
t2
K
Semantic tagging with
user feedback
[Haslhofer et al. 2013]
Stanford University, April 2013

18. Semantic Tagging in Maphub
Stanford University, April 2013

19. Goals
• Study the effects of semantic tagging on
• tag production (# tags)
• types and categories of types added
• user task load
Stanford University, April 2013

20. Methodology
• in-lab, within-subject design with 4 tag creation
methods as varying condition
• Label-based tagging (LT)
• Suggestive tagging (ST)
• Semantic tagging (SMT)
• Semantic tagging with context display (SMT-CTX)
• 24 student participants
• pre- and post-test surveys incl. NASA-TLX
Stanford University, April 2013

21. Results Summary
• Semantic tagging (as implemented in
Maphub) does NOT affect
• tag production
• types and categories of tags
• user task load
...but provides tagging relationships to well-
defined concept definitions.
Stanford University, April 2013

22. Further Information
B. Haslhofer, W. Robitza, C. Lagoze, F. Guimbretiere: "Semantic Tagging on
Historical Maps". ACM Web Science 2013, Paris, France, May 2-4th, 2013.
http://arxiv.org/abs/1304.1636
B. Haslhofer, K. Newman, A. Stefanik, W. Robitza, C.Lagoze: "Old Maps and
Open Data Networks" (Poster). iConference 2013, Fort Worth, Texas,
USA, Feb 12-15th, 2013.
https://ideals.illinois.edu/bitstream/handle/2142/42105/400.pdf?sequence=2
B. Haslhofer, R. Sanderson, R. Simon, H. van de Sompel: "Open Annotations
on Multimedia Web Resources". Multimedia Tools and Applications, pg.
1-21, May 2012
http://arxiv.org/abs/1202.6354
Stanford University, April 2013