(Please view in SLIDE SHOW) Hydraulic steering working

1. HYDRAULIC STEERING
HOW I T WOR K S

2. PROJECTS MEMBERS
• 116 Azeem Waqar
• 123 Tariq Aziz
• 152 Saud Zaman

3. INTRODUCTION
• Power Steering's are also known as POWER ASSISTED
STEERING(PAS).
• Power steering’s can be divided in Electronic
Steering and Hydraulic steering.
• Power steering helps drivers to reduce the steering
effort on vehicle by using an external power.
• It considerably helps in slow moment and when the
vehicle is stop.
• Also power steering provide feedback of forces on
the front wheels interacting with road which is
known as Road feel.

4. HISTORY
• The first power steering system was apparently
installed in 1876 by Fitts. But necessary information
about him is not present.
• In 1926 Engineer Francis W.Davis of the truck division
of Pierce Arrow invented and demonstrated the first
practical power steering.
• In world war-II it gain much importance due to the
need of easier steering for armored cars and heavy
cars of British and US Army.
• 1951 first commercial passenger car with power
steering was introduced in market.

5. COMPONENTS OF STEERING
Steering Wheel
Steering Shaft
Steering cam
Steering gear
Pitman Arm Shaft
Drag link
Tie Rod

6. COMPONENTS OF HYDRAULIC SYSTEM
• The Hydraulic steering contains the following parts
Reservoir Pump
Control valve Relief valve
Power Cylinder

7. FUNCTIONS OF HYDRAULIC SYSTEM
COMPONENTS
• Reservoir=It supplies the fluid.
• Pump=Driven by the Engine through belt It transfer
the fluid from reservoir to relief valve and than to
the control valve under pressure.
• Relief valve=It provides an escape to the fluid back
to the reservoir
• Control valve=It directs the fluid to the Power
Cylinder. It is also called heart of hydraulic system.
• Power cylinder=It converts Hydraulic System into
mechanical force, which in turn activates Pitman
Arm Shaft and lever.

8. PRINCIPAL OF WORKING
• The Hydraulic Steering works on the principal of
pressure differences.
Power Cylinder
• The difference in pressure affects the position of
piston in power supply which in turn affects pitman
arm shaft and lever.

9. WORKING MECHANISM
• The schematic diagram is shown
• The Reservoir supply fluid to Pump
• The Pump transfer it to relief with
pressure, than to control valve
• The control valve directs the fluid
to power cylinder and than to reservoir.
• When the steering wheel is turned it rotates the
steering shaft and steering cam both.
• Steering cam also do up and down moment along
with rotation

10. WORKING MECHANISM
• The up and down moment of cam
Control the control valve through
Control valve linkage
• It pull or push the spool to one dir-
-ection and as a result fluid start
flowing to the power cylinder in one
direction as a result pressure difference is created.
• Due to this the piston moves and with its movement it
also move pitman arm lever which is connected through
rod. And wheel is moved to the desire direction.
• It this stage the pump still drawn fluid, which is transfer
back to the reservoir with the help of relief valve.

11. CONSTANT STEERING AND
NEUTRALIZATION
• When the pitman arm lever moves
it also moves the cam due to which
The spring is compressed in one dir-
-ection which applies opposite pressure
to the pressure of fluid until it equalize,due to which the
to which the lever is held stationary .
• This phenomena help in constant steering.
• And when the driver leave the torque on the steering
due to the spring compression, it forces the lever and
piston to came back to its original position, so after
steering the wheels and steering disk come back to its
original position automatically. This is called steering
neutralization.

12. ROAD JERK
• Like the shock absorbers the hydraulic
system also help in steering shocks
absorbing. Due to which the losing
control of heavy vehicle stops.
• When the any tire is subjected to road jerk this jerk is
transferred to pitman arm lever.
• Pitman lever activates the cam which in turn activates
the control valve, the control valve creates the small
pressure difference which is neutralized by the spring
compression attached to the cam
• This neutralization is actually the jerk absorbing.
• And in this phenomena the road jerk is absorbed.

13. USES IN MODERN AGE
• HPS system finds its applications in …
• Small vehicles .
• Heavy vehicles as trucks transporting heavy loads.
• In small and large Boats.
• Large military vehicles

14. ADVANTAGES
• HPS has no steering wheel torques as compared to
mechanical system.
• In HPS no freezing of steering is caused by dried up
grease or corrosion in steering tube of vehicle .
• It can be used in big vehicle where electronic
system fails.
• It absorbs major part of road shock as compared to
mechanical system.

15. DISADVANTAGES
• HPS weights usually more than electric system.
• HPS carry fluid for transmission as compared to
electric system so need more maintenance.
• Electric system give better response as compared
to Hydraulic power steering at different speed.
• HPS has more prone and faults and less durable as
compare to electric steering system.
• Electric system will give more mileage with one
having hydraulic steering system.

16. THANKS
FOR COMING