this ppt is about tiger , types of tiger ,how to protect tiger ,etc

2. 4) Endangered subspecies
5) Extinct subspecies
6) Tigers of Different color
7) Reasons for the died of tigers
8) Tiger Conservation Groups
9) WHY ARE TIGER IMPORTANT ?
10)WHAT STEPS CAN BE TAKEN FOR
CONSERVATION OF TIGERS?

4. Introduction
Tigers are fierce predators
with a calculated intelligence
that makes them one of the
leaders out there in their
natural environment. They
have been able to
successfully evolve from
ancient tigers for almost 2
million years and they have
keep continually adapting well
to their surroundings

5. TIGER SUBSPECIES
Endangered subspecies Extinct subspecies
Bali tiger
Caspian tigers
Javan tigers
Siberian tigers
Bengal tigers
Indochinese tigers
Malayan tiger
Sumatran tiger
South China tigers

6. Endangered subspecies
I – Siberian tigers
 The Siberian tiger (Panthers Tigris altaica), also known as the
Amur tiger, is a tiger subspecies inhabiting mainly the Sikhote
Alin mountain region with a small population in southwest
Primorye province in the Russian Far East and a population of
about 500.
• Siberian tigers are muscular,
packed with large heads and
powerful forelimbs. Their colors
vary from orange to brown that
are splashed with white areas and
black stripes The stripe pattern is
different in each tiger

9. IV – Malayan tiger
 the Malayan tiger can only be
found in the south of the Malay
Peninsula . There are about 500
still-living Malayan tigers but
they are endangered by
poaching.
 These are the smallest
subspecies on the mainland and
even the second smallest living
tiger subspecies.
 The males average at 120
kilograms while the females
average at about 100 kilograms

10. V- Sumatran tiger
 Sumatran tiger can only be found in Sumatra, which is an Indonesian
island. If you think the other subspecies are in danger of extinction, this
particular subspecies has reached the critical point.
 Adult males weigh between 100 and 140 kilograms (220 to 310
pounds) and the females weigh 75 to 110 kilograms (170 to 240
pounds).
 This subspecies is small because
it adapts to the dense forests of
Sumatra While the population of
Sumatran tigers in the wild are
around 400 to 500

11. VI -South China tigers
 the South China tiger, is actually the most endangered tiger
subspecies. They are even more endangered than the Sumatran tigers,
which are already heavily watched by conservationists.
 The South China tiger has even made the list of the world’s ten
most endangered species. The South China tiger belongs to a group
of smaller tiger subspecies, with lengths spanning from 2.2 to 2.6
meters (87 to 100 inches).
 The range of the length of South
China tigers is true for both male
and female tigers. Males have a
weight range of 127 to 177 kg (280
to 390 pounds); females, on the
other hand, have a weight range of
100 to 118 kilograms (220 to 260
pounds).

12. Extinct subspecies
I – Bali tiger
 the Bali tiger, used to be limited to Bali, which is an Indonesian
island. When it still existed, the Bali tiger was the smallest tiger
subspecies, with the males weighing 90 to 100 kilograms (200 to
220 pounds) and the females weighing 65 to 80 kilograms (140 to
180 pounds)
 It is unfortunate that people can
no longer appreciate the beauty of
a Bali tiger in its compact size. The
tigers have become extinct
because of hunting Back in
September 37, 1937, there was no
Bali tiger left captive in West Bali.

13. II – Caspian tigers
 the Caspian tiger as well as under other names, such as the
Hyrcanian or the Turan tiger. This tiger subspecies used to be found in
sparse forests
 It was also found south and west of the Caspian Sea. At least, it was
still sighted in the wild up to the early 1970s. The closest living subspecies
to the Caspian tiger is the Amur tiger

14. III – Javan tigers
 Javan tiger, used to live only on the island Sightings have been
recorded up to the middle part of the 1970s.
 The tigers in these subspecies are bigger than Bali tigers, with the
males weighing 100 to 140 kilograms (220 to 310 pounds) and the
females weighing 75 to 115 kilograms (170 to 250 pounds).
 Sadly, the Javan tiger has no longer
been sighted after 1979 when it was
last seen around the Mount Betiri area.
During a Mount Halimun Salak
National Park expedition back in 1990,
there was no definite evidence to
support that there are still living Javan
tigers.

15. Tigers of Different color
Orange
The orange coloring is the most common color of tiger. Every
subspecies of tiger can be orange. Where as some of the more
exotic colors are limited to certain subspecies
Gold
The golden tiger (strawberry
tiger) was first seen in the wild,
in India, in 1932.
The first tigers to be born in
captivity with the golden coloring
didn't occur until 1987. The
golden coloration is a peachy
brown colored coat with slightly
darker brown stripes and much more
white on the extremities.

16. White
 The white coloration is actually a mutation in the genetics.
However, it is the most common mutation within any subspecies of
tiger. There are actually three different types of white tigers; white,
stripe-less white, and albino.
 The stripe-less white tigers, also
known as Ghost stripe tigers, are solid
white and only show a faint outline of
stripes when light is refracted off of
their coats. These tigers still have the
characteristic blue eyes and pink nose of
their striped counterparts These are the
rarest of the white tigers, simply
because they do not survive long.

17. Blue
 Blue tigers are also a mutation. Blue tigers have been
reported in the mountains of the Fujian province of China
since the early 1900s. They are called Maltese (bluish-grey or
slate blue) tigers, and normally have white patches on the
extremities and black stripes.
 There have also been
sightings in North Korea and
South Korea, but because North
Korea does not welcome
outsiders it is impossible to
investigate sightings. Slate-colored
tigers may represent a
small population where the
color has become fixed in an
isolated

18. Black
One form of black coloring is caused by the non-agouti
mutation. Agouti refers to the ticking hair on the background
color of a tabby. Certain lights allow for the pattern to still
show up because the background color is less dense than that
of the markings.
 There are reports that black tigers are becoming more
common in the wild. This may be due to more inbreeding,
caused by loss of habitat
 The observation that the black
tigers are smaller than normal tigers
seems to confirm this suspicion. As
humans require more space, the
tigers are forced into smaller areas
with fewer choices for mates,
allowing more inbreeding to occur

19. Reasons for the died of tigers
1. Tiger body parts used for traditional medicine:
 Poachers are killing these wild cats to get their bones,
teeth, claws and skin so that they can be sold for thousands of
dollars in the illegal wildlife market.
Tiger parts are mostly used for traditional Chinese medicine
and are said to be effective for a variety of ailments.
2. Tiger skins and other parts sold as souvenirs
 Sumatra were selling tigers parts like teeth, claws, skin, tail
etc to tourists and locals.
These parts were being sold at antique shops, goldsmiths,
medicine shops and in some cases general stores.
Skins are usually bought for home décor or taxidermy by
elite business class people. A single skin can cost $ 20,000 or
more if the tail is intact

20. 3. Tiger Wine Sold as Exotic Drink
 their bones are steeped in distilled spirits in China
to produce an elixir that’s as incomprehensible to Westerners
as it is revered by locals in Southeast Asia – tiger bone wine.
4. Loss of Habitat
 Tigers are known to survive in a vast variety of habitats.
humans have caused tigers to disappear from 93% of their
former range and destroyed much of their native forests .
 They automatically have less food, less water and
less chance of survival.
5. Loss of Prey Population
 As forests are becoming lesser and lesser, the herbivores
that tigers prey on, are reducing.

21. 6. Man-Animal Conflict
 Human habitats close to tiger habitats is increasingly
becoming a problem. With diminishing prey population,
livestock becomes an easy target for tigers.
Also humans regularly venture inside forest for their own
need of timber and other forest product leading to
unnecessary clashes. Many tigers are killed as a result of
this conflict.
7. Global Warming
As the world becomes warmer, the rising temperature is
causing many natural ecosystems to change.
What is also alarming is that climate change makes tigers
and other species more prone to diseases that were not
earlier known so tigers are at a risk of becoming extinct due
to a mass epidemic too

22. 8. Poor Genes
 A recent research that compared genes of ancient tigers
with modern ones found that the present day tigers are
weaker in terms of their genes than their ancestors.
What this shows that tigers are losing their strength,
health and are more vulnerable to diseases. They are also
not as fearsome enough as earlier to fight various
environmental impacts.

24. Tiger Conservation Groups
1. The Save the Tiger Fund-Panthera Partnership
 The Save the Tiger Fund and Panthera are two separate
organizations that have recently joined forces for the good
of the world’s wild tigers.
 Because most tigers die as a
result of poaching and hunting,
this organization focuses on the
stopping of such activities, by
whatever legal means are
available to them. Their proven
track records lend both of these
entities significant sway in the
sphere of tiger conservation

25. 2 . Project Tiger Scheme
 Project Tiger Scheme has been under implementation since 1973.
Main objectives under the scheme include wildlife management,
protection measures and site specific eco development to reduce the
dependency of local communities on tiger reserve resources.
 the Project started with 9 tiger
reserves, covering an area of
16,339 sq.km., with a population
of 268 tigers.
At present there are 27 tiger
reserves covering an area of 37761
sq.km., with a population of 1498
tigers. This amounts to almost
1.14% of the total geographical
area of the country.

26. 3. Big Cat Rescue
 This sanctuary, established in 1992, is dedicated to the care
and rehabilitation of all of the big cat species that have been
abused, orphaned or abandoned
 Many of these animals also come from circuses, in which
they were required to perform. In addition to homing and caring
for these animals, the Big Cat Rescue team is also committed to
educating people about these animals and their value to us.
 This organization is not only
concerned with the animals within
their own confines, but also those
tigers (and other big cats) in the
wild

27. WHY ARE TIGER IMPORTANT ?
1) Saving tigers is equivalent to conserving the Ecosystem
Tiger is symbol of wilderness and well-being of the
ecosystem. By conserving and saving tigers the entire
wilderness ecosystem is conserved.
 Saving tiger amounts to saving the ecosystem which is
crucial for man's own survival.
2) India's national animal - TIGER
 Tigers occupy an important place in the Indian culture.
Since ages, it has been the symbol of magnificence, power,
beauty and fierceness and has been associated with bravery
and valor.

28. WHAT STEPS CAN BE TAKEN FOR CONSERVATION OF TIGERS?
 Create awareness of the plight of the tiger –
Tigers cannot speak up for themselves but we can speak for them.
Make posters, organize tiger themed events, chat to your family
and friends and anything else you can think of to spread the word
about how endangered tigers really are.
 Help end poaching – The
trade in tiger skin and body parts
is not only illegal but it is having a
devastating impact on tiger
numbers. We can help prevent
this barbaric trade by avoiding
products derived from tigers and
reporting any such products to
local authorities.

29.  Severe punishment for poachers
More and more countries are punishing poachers but more is still
needed to really deter people from engaging in tiger poaching.
Through campaigning we can encourage authorities to hand down
harsher sentences to convicted poachers.
 Protect tiger habitat One of
the main factors in the decline of
the tiger is habitat destruction.
Through education and
campaigning we can help
promote sustainable working
practices to ensure we harness
the full potential of the forests
while also ensuring tigers and
their prey animals are free to
enjoy as large a range as
possible.

30. THANK
YOU
AND SAVE
TIGERS Done by
AVINASH .A
X -C