Developing Software for Future Technologies
(Tablets and Mobile phones)
Atul Nene (Atul.Nene@symphonysv.com)
Symphony Services (www.symphonysv.com)

Target Audience
• General Users, Students
• Non developers, non technical persons
• Beginner to Intermediate level developers and
designers
• Entrepreneurs with Mobile Product/App plans
• Everyone curious about this whole ‘Mobile’ thing 
Show of hands 
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About Symphony Services
• Part of the Symphony Software Technology Group
• Global presence, Engineering concentrated in Bangalore, Pune and
Gurgaon
• Work on large variety software technologies, have ‘Centers of Excellence’
• Work with large number of marquee clients from startups to Fortune 500
• Special focus on Innovation: ‘Chairman’s Award for Innovation’ given
every year.
• Work environment that fosters talent and professionalism and blends
with a ‘fun’ culture
• Mobile Achievements:
– Intellectual Property owners of cross platform mobile application development platform
for enterprise applications
– Hundreds of Native stand-alone apps, cross-platform HTML5 apps, Smartphone frontend
for Cloud applications on all mobile platforms
– Worlds First Mobile Client Application for Google Health™ on Android platform published
on Android Marketplace
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About Me
• MCS from University of Pune
• 15+ years of work experience
• Work as an Engineering Manager
• Lead teams that build end (Sensor) to end (Server)
products on Android, iPhone and Blackberry
• Student of Hindustani Classical Music
• Twitter: @atulnene
• Personal Blog: www.atulnene.com
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Table of Contents
• The Future is Here, Now
• Focus on the Users and their Experience
• How Mobile is different
• Input Methods, Sensors, Security
• Quick overview of Developing for Mobile
• Case Study – Smart Traveller
• Ideas
• Fun Quiz  and Prizes  to be won along the way !
• Dwell on some #Gyan  as takeaway …
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Fun Quiz #1
What is the number of mobile phone users in India 
• 13.5 million
• 330 million
• 865 million
• 1 billion
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Fun Quiz #1
What is the number of mobile phone users in India 
• 13.5 million
• 330 million
• 865 million 
• 1 billion
As of August 2011: 865 million (Source Wikipedia) 
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The Future is Here, Now
• Total number of Mobile Subscribers has CAGR 62% during 2004-05
and 2009-10 and a forecast of CAGR 28% through 2013-14
• More growth in Rural areas than Urban:
– 100% penetration in urban areas – near saturation
– 33% handsets of 108M sold in Rural areas in 2009-10
• Handset manufacturing strategies have redesigned their
distribution strategies with Rural focus
– Entry level handsets will continue to drive volumes
– Smartphones will outpace the industry growth, as cost go down: color
and camera phones cost Rs.1000 today
• Handset sales in Rural market to grow at CAGR 19% through 2014
Source : RNCOS Report on “Booming Rural Mobile Market in India” http://www.rncos.com/Market-
Analysis-Reports/Booming-Rural-Mobile-Market-in-India-IM306.htm
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The Future is Here, Now
Mobile Subscribers (Million) Handset Sales in Rural Areas
(Million)
1600
1400
80
1200
70
1000
60
800 50
600 40
400 Mobile Subscribers Handset Sales in Rural
30
200 (Million) Areas (Million)
20
0 10
0
Source : RNCOS Report on “Booming Rural Mobile Market in India”
http://www.rncos.com/Market-Analysis-Reports/Booming-Rural-Mobile-Market-in-
India-IM306.htm
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The Future is Here, Now
• the number of people in the world
7 billion today
• the number of people with mobile
3.4 billion devices today...
• globally, the number of mobile internet
1.3 billion users today
"The future is already here – it’s just not evenly
distributed.“ – William Gibson
Technology should not only be accessible but inclusive
and available to everyone...

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it’s about people not devices
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The Future is Here, Now
Source: Morgan Stanley ‘The Mobile Internet Report Key Themes’ www.ms.com/techresearch
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The Future is Here, Now
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Fun Quiz #2
What was the weight of the world’s first mobile phone
(DynaTAC 8000x by Motorola in 1973) 
• 100 grams
• 500 grams
• 1 kg
• 1.2 kg
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Fun Quiz #2
What was the weight of the world’s first mobile phone
(DynaTAC 8000x by Motorola in 1973) 
• 100 grams
• 500 grams
• 1 kg 
• 1.2 kg
1 kg (Source Wikipedia)  14
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Needs & Drivers
• People need online, offline, personalized apps
• Optimized utilization of mobile device
• Large mobile user base
• Smartphone (portable devices) has become
integrated part of life, diminishing dependence on
desktop PC
• Perfect confluence of market and technology trends
• Innovative apps, solutions around mobile phone to
increase ARPU
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#Gyan 
{User Experience
is everything}
If your product doesn’t serve the Users need, its not a
product. If your user doesn't love your product, you soon
don’t have a product.
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You have to ask the User
You think the user
wants this:
Source: Modelling
theMobile
UserExperience, by bryan rieger
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You have to ask the User
While the user
wants this:
Source: Modelling
theMobile
UserExperience, by bryan
rieger
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Do you know your User ?
• A private device used in highly different mostly public
contexts
• Usage varies by geography
• Easily distracted users
A very different kind of user
Lets meet a few of them …
And see how they will use their mobiles …
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Huge Market, Diverse Users
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Festival Revellers
Traffic
Diversions ?
Tide
Details How much
time-gap When is the
between the procession
next-in-line supposed to end
mandal ? according to the
Lyrics Almanac ?
of
Aarti
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Shoppers in Chennai
Which shop
Shopping has a
List matching
stole ?
Best Deal
on the
Road ?
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Sports fans
I should
SMS-
When was Checkin
his last into my
century ? flight
Which is
the fastest
gate out
of this
crowd ?
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Democracy participants
Refer a
particular
day’s Lookup
proceeding details of a
particular
law
Give input to
a VIP security
management
system
Refer
leader’s File a news
previous report with
speech video
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Democracy Improvers
Closer look Which is the
at what’s nearest place
happening on to eat ?
the dais …
Pledge
support on
Anna
Hazare’s
website
Search for
Anna
Hazare caps
and T-shirts
nearby
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Consumers of services
Order a
samosa Which is
from the the next
pantry car connecting
train ?
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Chaandrayaan-1 launch observers
Live, real- When’s the
Live time next bus
update to updates of back home.
photo blog the launch.
from venue
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Art Lovers
More Live-tweet
information on the event
the Performing updates
Artist
Add event to
my calendar Book ticket
for next day
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The Worker Bees
Current market Weather USE GPS
prices for my and safety information
catch ? information overlaid on
Notify the buyer of map to stay
catch size, type. close to shore
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The Worker Bees
Why didn’t Availability
the laborers of fertilizers
When is it turn up yet ? in the market
going to
rain next ?
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#Gyan 
{Mobile = 7th
Mass Media}
The first 6 are 1. Printing Press, 2.Recordings, 3. Cinema,
4.Radio, 5.Television, 6.The Internet
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#Gyan 
{Mobile Is The ONLY
Mass Medium That Can
Do EVERYTHING The
Previous Six Can Do}
Again: 1. Printing Press, 2.Recordings, 3. Cinema, 4.Radio, 5.Television, 6.The
Internet
To connect to users, local language is extremely important.
Source: Garrett Murray, Web 2.0 Expo — New York, September 16, 2008
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5 UNIQUE BENEFITS
1. First truly personal mass media
– e.g. Ever heard of a shared individual mobile number ?
2. First always-on mass media
– Information is always available 24/7, even when idle
3. First always-carried mass media
– Most people sleep with their phones within reach
4. Only mass media with a built-in payment channel
– Vote for Indian Idol over SMS (and spend Rs. 10)—many more
people have phones than credit cards
5. Offers point of thought
– Ability to create or consume content whenever the mood strikes
Source: Garrett Murray, Web 2.0 Expo — New York, September 16, 2008
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#Gyan 
{Mobile != Phone}
Mobile presents an opportunity to invent new ways for
users to interact with information.
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Urban Mobile Users
• Mobile users live in a 360°environment
– Short attention span
– Difficult to multi-tasking, easy to get lost (“waste time”)
– Sudden interruptions
– Momentary social context
– Need to Tweet or send directly to Facebook, Digg etc.
• Mobile users move around a lot – ride a bike, drive a
car, walk around a shopping mall, store
• Mothers use mobile as family device
– Entertain, Plan, Share
– Apps for Kids
– Shopping and other lists
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Urban Mobile Users
Source: How smartphone owners describe their phones. Pew Internet
& American Life Project, Jul 11, 2011,
http://pewinternet.org/Infographics/2011/Smartphones.aspx , accessed
on Dec 7, 2011.
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Urban Mobile Users
Source: Generations 2010: What different generations do online. Pew Internet & American Life
Project, Dec 16, 2010, http://pewinternet.org/Infographics/2010/Generations-2010-Summary.aspx,
accessed on Dec 7, 2011.
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#Gyan 
{Mobile = 30 sec
PC/Tab = 30 min}
Most people do small unplanned tasks on mobile and
planned longer tasks on PCs and Tablets.
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Mobile is different
Complex Multiple Relationships
Source: Rachel Hinman @ Adaptive Path
Objects Relationships Objects
People Semantic People
Places Social Places
Things Spatial Things
Temporal
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Mobile is different
• The same apps will need to look and work differently on the
mobile – the UI takes up the whole screen!
• Relatively small screen, but varying sizes, resolutions
– Pixel sizes vary, 2 orientations
– Image magnification is a problem – 9 patch
– Limited fonts
– Peculiar problems like sun-blind screen
• ‘Glanceability’ of data: multiple screens, widgets
• Bandwidth costs real money
• Search
– take 3 times longer than desktop
– Users are more focused on an immediate answer rather than on
the breadth of information.
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Mobile is different
• Relatively low power cpu, memory
• Many variations, telephony, non-telephony devices
• No mouse, minimum keyboard – only (instinctive) Touch
– Opportunity to design for quick usage
– Respect the users time: its precious
– Lengthy steps/interactions discourage users
• Limited battery life
• Multi-purpose, communications focused
• Assortment of sensors
• Multiple, inconsistent connectivity options in addition to
Telephony: GPS, 3G, Wifi, BlueTooth, NFC (beware of
network lag)
• You need to have an Over-The-Air strategy
(Product/Application Updates, Data updates)
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Fun Quiz #3
Which is the recently launched device that has a stylus and
aims to blur the distinction between a tablet and a phone

• Samsung Galaxy Note
• HTC Chacha
• iBall ‘Arpan’
• None of the Above
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Fun Quiz #3
Which is the recently launched device that has a stylus and
aims to blur the distinction between a tablet and a phone

• Samsung Galaxy Note 
• HTC Chacha
• iBall ‘Arpan’
• None of the Above
Samsung Galaxy Note 
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Do This to Win Users
• Usability Studies are critical success factors: watch people in the
real world, paper prototypes, usability testing, user interviews
• Typical mobile devices cannot present a full desktop experience –
strategize a functional split, digestion of content is different for
each screen
• Adapt to device: exploit features where present, work-around
problems otherwise
• Design for network efficiency: zip up data, use structured markup,
offload to server, use cache
• Use interlinking of mobile apps: phone number => call
• Make use of historical and real-time analytics and feed it back into
the product
• Read public reviews of other products
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Input Methods
Technology Words Per Minute
T9 32
Graffiti/Jot 18
Handwriting 28
Swype 40
PC QWERTY Keyboard 70
Mobile QWERTY Keyboard (Thumbing) 35
Voice Recognition ??
Infra Red Beam Projection 70
• These numbers are subject to User Habituation and may vary across
demographies
• There is scope for more types of input methods, for example application
specific symbol based data input
• Local Indian languages need different solutions than for English
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Sensors, Security
• Sensors and APIs
– Interaction Points: Touch, Multi-Touch (custom), Shake
(Accelerometer), Vibration, Voice, GPS, Gyro
– APIs: BlueTooth, Wifi, Telephony, Open-GL, Location, WAP,
SMS, SQLite, Camera, Audio, Video, Input Methods, Map
• Security
– That connected devices will be hacked, attacked and diverted
is inevitable. The only truly secure device is an unconnected
one. Sadly this is not an option. The only solution is education
and vigilance for customers and a robust security strategy for
product developers.
– O-Auth is highly suited due to its granular approach
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Testing
• Test on as many different devices as you can
• Look for Automation opportunities
• Emulator tests should precede device tests
• Remote Access services like DeviceAnywhere for testing
on larger set
• Testing costs more on mobile platforms due to carrier
charges
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Classes of Applications
• Carrier
– Mobile Money, Call Management
• Enterprise
– Mobile banking, Mobile Data Management
• End Users
– Personal Productivity
– Music
– Coupons
– Map based
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Classes of Applications
• Carrier
– Mobile Money, Call Management
• Enterprise
– Mobile banking, Mobile Data Management
• End Users
– Personal Productivity
– Music
– Coupons
– Map based
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Development Platforms
• iPhone (Objective C)
• Android (Java)
• Symbian (J2ME, C++, Qt)
• Blackberry (J2ME)
• Flash
• Windows Phone 7
• HTML 5
• Bada, BREW, MeeGo
• Web OS
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Platform Distribution
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#Gyan 
{Platform =
Stage}
Choose carefully.
The platform is a stage that defines an audience you
reach. Likely, you will need to choose multiple platforms.
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#Gyan 
{Fragmentation
=
inability to
“write once and run
everywhere.”}
Choose the platform of the Users of your product/service.
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Design != Development
Source: Modelling theMobile UserExperience, by bryan rieger
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Typical Development Method
• Well rounded team of Designers, Engineers, and QA
– If you also have ‘Users’ on your team, you have a winning
combination
• Iterative cycle of Design-Develop-Test-Deploy-Revisit
for successive feature sets allowing ‘Fail Forward’
• Use of platform-specific set of development tools,
utilities, emulators, and devices
• Platform specific App-Stores, publishing, distribution
and payment methods, revenue share, promotions,
analytics and feedback mechanisms
• Platform specific monetization opportunities, in-app
purchases, ads, freemium
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The Pot of Gold at the end of the Rainbow
1. Wealth Creation / Destruction is Material in New Computing Cycles – Now in Early
Innings of Mobile Internet Cycle, the 5th Cycle of Last Half Century.
2. Mobile Ramping Faster than Desktop Internet Did and Will Be Bigger Than Most
Think – 5 Trends Converging (3G + Social Networking + Video + VoIP + Impressive
Mobile Devices).
3. Apple Leading in Mobile Innovation + Impact, for Now – Depth of App Ecosystems +
User Experience + Pricing Will Likely Determine Long-Term Winners.
4. Game-Changing Communications / Commerce Platforms (Social Networking +
Mobile) Emerging Very Rapidly.
5. Growth / Monetization Roadmaps Provided by Japan Mobile + Desktop Internet.
6. Massive Data Growth Driving Carrier / Equipment Transitions.
7. Compelling Opportunities in Emerging Markets.
8. Regulators Can Help Advance / Slow Mobile Internet Evolution.
Source: The Mobile Internet Report, Morgan Stanley, 2009
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Case Study –
Smart Traveller: Real-Time Tracking System Using GPS
• Objectives
– 1. Assist bus commuters in availing the travelling alternates
(prescheduled and real time (if available))
– 2. Accept real time updates from the commuters and make this
information available to other commuters (if relevant) with
appropriate confidence level
– 3. Predict the shift in time for arrival of the bus(es) with appropriate
confidence level
• Technologies used
– Android, JSON, GWT, GAE (cloud), JDO, HTML, CSS
– Database
– App Engine datastore
• Tools Used
– Eclipse IDE, Android Emulator
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Smart Traveller – System Overview
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Smart Traveller – Future Possibilities
Ideal project for an NGO that cares about civic issues.
Future: Shortest
route by distance,
time
Future: Pay
for ticket
using NFC
Future: Show
integrated
real-time map
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Smart Traveller – Mobile Client
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Smart Traveller – Mobile Client
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Smart Traveller – Mobile Client
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Smart Traveller – Server
• ORM
– Object Relational Model
– Database entities modeled using JDO
• Database
– All the modifications to the database are handled
– Triggers, constraints
– Convenience methods
• Queries
– For real time updates, the schedule for each update is calculated
– Output modeled into objects for JSON serialization
• Admin GUI
– Maintain Routes, Buses, Schedules
– Manage Security, Confidence levels,
– Monitor uptime and performance
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Ideas
• Traffic and Transportation
– Autorikshaw, Taxi Tariffs
– Traffic updates
– Bus, Train Routes, Schedules, Real Time information
• Image analysis – from a photo to information
– QRCode applications
• Data Input Methods for Indic languages
– Font support
– Transliteration
– Dictionary
– Integration into applications like SMS
– Voice recognition
• Puzzles, Quiz
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WE have a long way to go …
… to make available, products and services that are highly
useful in the local context.
Can you spot the opportunity (s) ?
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Ideas
• Information lookup: App + SMS
– All subjects: dictionaries, definitions, short answers
– Music, films, reviews, ratings, recommendations
– Literacy and linguistics
– Health: food, calories, glycemic index, lifestyle habits, exercise, first-aid,
tele-healthcare with mobile outreach
– Government office procedures
– NGOs and Social Organizations
– Almanac
• Advice, Counselling, Helplines over SMS,
• Education
– Courseware
– Online exams
• Location-aware computing: GPS, Compass, RFID, NFC
– Multiplayer games
– Augmented reality
– Kinect (See Pranav Mistry’s TED talk)
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NFC
Near Field Communication: A
short-range wireless standard
that allows devices to
communicate securely and
perform transactions. Eg.
Keyless car entry.
Source: Mobile Trends - June 2011,
www.space150.com
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The world is still not in your pocket
Source: http://www.flickr.com/photos/williambrawley/4310319103/
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#Gyan 
{SMS=Underutilized}
SMS has maximum reach.
Many Apps can be based purely on SMS.
Carriers need to make SMS more reliable.
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#Gyan 
{„search‟ *follows*
lack of handy
information source}
‘Google It’ is not the answer to every info need.
Contents of search results are not always accurate or up-to-date.
Search doesn’t work over SMS.
Process of searching and finding is sub-optimal
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Ideas
• Community work
– Map overlays for various places of interest
– Recipes
• Travel
– Real time planning using maps and costs and alternatives off
the web
• Calendaring/Meeting Plans
• Group Chats
• Mass Communications
– Surveys
– Opinion Polls
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Global Case Study:
Think Mobile, Act Local
• World Watch | May/June 2010 | www.worldwatch.org
• ICT4D: information and communication technologies
for development: implementation in Africa
• Application – FrontlineSMS
– Farmers co-operative: updates on crop prices
– church group sends reminders about prayer services
– Medic – health outreach - St. Gabriel’s and health clinics in 10
different countries coordinate patient appointments and home
visits via SMS.
– Earthquake Response – emergency services
– Report election-related violence and report their location:
ushahidi.com
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Resources
• Book: Made To Stick, by Chip & Dan Heath
• Book: Simple and Usable Web Mobile and Interaction Design, by
Giles Colborne
• Book: Head First Android Development, by Jonathan Simon
• Book: Tapworthy, by Josh Clark
• Book: Android™ Wireless Application Development, by Shane
Conder, Lauren Darcey
• Paper: Mobile App Design Best Practices, For Application
Development & Delivery Professionals, published April 2011,
Forrester Research
• mobiledesign.org http://mobiledesign.org/
• WURFL http://wurfl.sourceforge.net
• The Mobile Internet Report www.ms.com/techresearch
• mobiForge: Mobile Web Development Community
http://mobiforge.com/
• Respective platform developer guides
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I have the answer to all your questions: “It Depends” 
Q&A
If you have questions with longer answers, send me email

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