Explorer 1 was the first U.S. satellite launched in 1958 and equipped with a cosmic ray detector to measure radiation in Earth's orbit. Hubble was launched in 1990 but had a flawed mirror that was repaired by astronauts in 1993, and is expected to retire in 2013. Skylab was launched in 1973 to prove humans could live in space and study solar astronomy, and returned to Earth in 1979. Future missions include the James Webb Space Telescope launching in 2014 to replace Hubble, Glory launching in 2011 to study the sun's effect on Earth's climate, and MAVEN launching in 2013 to determine if Mars lost its atmosphere.

1. Astronomy Proficiency #1 Technology In space

2. Past Technology

6. Future Technology

10. Bibliography Hille, Karl. &quot;MAVEN: Mars Atmosphere and Volatile EvolutioN.&quot; 5 October 2010. MAVEN to Investigate How Sun Steals Martian Atmosphere . January 2011. &quot;Hubble Space Telescope.&quot; 4 January 2011. Hubble Space Telescope. 5 January 2011 < http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hubble_Space_Telescope>. O'Keefe, Dr. Sean. &quot;Preface.&quot; 18 November 2003. Open Letter to the HST-JWST Transition Panel. 5 January 2011 <http://www.coseti.org/hst-jwst.htm>. Phillips, Patricia. &quot;NASA To Send a MAVEN to Mars.&quot; 16 September 2008. examiner.com. 5 January 2011 <http://www.examiner.com/space-news-in-national/nasa-to-send-a-maven-to-mars>. Watanabe, Susan. &quot;Explorer 1 Overview.&quot; 31 January 2008. Explorer. 5 January 2011 <http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/explorer/explorer-overview.html>. Wilson, Jim. &quot;Overview.&quot; 1 December 2009. Skylab. 5 January 2011 <http://www.politicalcartoons.com/>. Zakharova, Nadia. &quot;Glory.&quot; National Aeronautics and Space Administration. 5 January 2011 <http://glory.giss.nasa.gov/>.