Enbe final project

content
1. Introduction - 3
2. A City– 4-6
3. Investigation & Data Collection: The Ancient -7-8
4. Investigation & Data Collection: The present city - 9-10
5. Investigation & Data Collection: The future city - 11
6. The “X” -12-14
7. The New “X” City / Or the new name - 15-19
8. The Process and Progress -20-38
9. The Conclusion -39
10. References list -40

INTRODUCTION
Referring final project’s brief, we are the mayor of “X” city and our people
require a new city because of some specific reasons that cause the “X”city no
longer liveable. So we need to propose a layout of the new city as soon as
possible. Then, the population of the new city is between 150,000-500,000 who
are Malaysian and the size of the proposed city should be between 25-40. There
are few choices for our new city which are underground city, underwater city,
water floating city, air floating city or enhance the existing city.
Firstly, we need investigate about a past and future city to collect the
information as the requirement for us to propose our future city.While doing
research, we should focus on the needs of the people, the infrastructures, the
facilities, and how it will sustain itself in the future. By referring the past cities,
these cities achieve a new height of culture and commerce, though in the end and
some of them destroyed. So we should learn the experiences from the history to
build a better city. Besides, we should think the complexity of road systems,
transportation, building laws, markets, educational systems and etc. Then, we
need to organise the zoning of the city properly which the systems in the city
may going systematically. We may also have to consider about food and water so
that it can be produced in our city for the needs of our people to live.
The character of the city is relate to our subject as every city need to
sustain itself , they grow, they populate, they require energy, they need shelter,
they need protection which are similar to nature. So it is no doubt that we have
to consider a lot of things to make our city better place to live.In a nutshell, the
project provides a lot of information for us to learn on how to use the elements
surrounding us to built environment which is related to our subject (ENBE).

CITY
DEFINATION OF CITY:
A city is a relatively large and permanent settlement. Although there is no
agreement on how a city is distinguished from a town within general English
language meanings, many cities have a particular administrative, legal, or
historical status based on local law. Cities generally have complex systems for
sanitation, utilities, land usage, housing, and transportation. The concentration of
development greatly facilitates interaction between people and businesses,
benefiting both parties in the process. A big city or metropolis usually has
associated suburbs and exurbs. Such cities are usually associated with
metropolitan areas and urban areas, creating numerous business commuters
traveling to urban centres for employment. Once a city expands far enough to
reach another city, this region can be deemed a conurbation or megalopolis.
WHAT MAKE A CITY?
A city is usually defined by its size in comparison to a town. Often it is said that a
city is somewhere that has a university and that has a high legal importance.
A city is mainly made up of houses though it also has to have industrial and
business areas as well as good infrastructures such as roads and streets. Most
cities have good public transportation links and although usually a city is classed
as a fairly large place, there are some cities which are quite small. This occurs
when there are important buildings within the city such as churches or
cathedrals.
Overall each city is defined as a city for a different reason and there really isn't a
standard answer as to what actually makes one. So, usually it is size and most
cities are bigger than towns but it does not always work out that way!
WHAT MAKES A GOOD CITY?
A prerequisite of a good city is mixed use neighborhoods, density and walkable
streets. Let’s take examples. London, New York, Hong Kong and Tokyo are great
cities for this sole reason. These cities have residential, offices, retail, hospitality
all adjacent to each other and buildings are built with negligible or zero car parks.

EXAMPLE OF A GOOD CITY
TOP Cities in United state
Austin, Texas
The “live music capital of the world” often finds itself on lists covering the best
places to live – and for good reason. With a substantially lower unemployment
rate than the national average (just 6.3% as opposed to 8.3% nationally), no
state income tax, eight colleges and universities, clean water, and plenty of open
space surrounding the metro area, this city of more than 700,000 people sits
smack in the middle of the vast Texas landscape.
Austin has 228 sunny days per year, with temperatures rarely falling below the
average low of 40 degrees in January. A median home price of $196,000 means
that the average young resident (age 34.1) has a good chance of affording his or
her own home. Furthermore, workers have a strong chance of finding a
telecommuting job and working from home, as Austin is ranked as the number
four city in the country for employers offering teleworking.
The city contains 3,127 people per square mile, and 83.4% of residents have a
high school diploma or higher.

Omaha, Nebraska
With just a 4.7% unemployment rate, this city of 380,000 seems to be beating the
odds in terms of job creation during the recession. There are other facets of
Omaha that make it an attractive place to live: A median income of more than
$53,000, and 12 colleges and universities are especially enticing to younger
people. It is a relatively affordable place to live as well, as the average home price
is just $129,200, while the average rent cost is $716 monthly. In fact, the cost of
living in Omaha is 11% lower than the national average.
Residents of Omaha also enjoy 214 sunny days per year, clean air, and a medical
system that provides a whopping 329 physicians for every 100,000 residents.
With an up-and-coming cultural scene that features art galleries, restaurants, and
nightclubs, young adults are finding that there is plenty to do in Omaha.
WHAT IS THE FUTURE CITY?
What the future might hold has long been a topic of speculation for artists and
creative types. Trying to imagine what the world around us might look like in
twenty, fifty, hundred years, or even end of the world can provide hours of
entertainment. And it’s obvious that those artists and designers who take the
time to create concepts of what they think the future might hold for us put a lot
of time and consideration into their pieces.

ANCIENT CITIES
DEFINATION OF ANCIENT CITY
Early cities developed in a number of regions of the ancient world. Mesopotamia
can claim as the earliest cities, particularly Eridu, Uruk, and Ur. After
Mesopotamia, this culture arose in Syria and Anatolia, as shown by the city of
Çatalhöyük (7500–5700BC). It is the largest Neolithic site found to date.
Although it has sometimes been claimed that ancient Egypt lacked urbanism,
several types of urban settlements were found in ancient times.
Ancient building in Mesopotamia
HISTORY OF ANCIENT UNDERGROUND CITY
The underground city at Derinkuyu may have been distended in the Byzantine
era. Refugee settlement used during the Persian Achaemenidempire the city.
There are references to underground refugee settlements built by the Persian
king Yima in the second chapter of the Zoroastrian book Vendidad. Therefore
many scholars believe that Persians may build the city. The city was connected
with other underground cities through miles of tunnels.Some artefacts
discovered in these underground settlements belong to the Middle Byzantine
Period, between the 5th and the 10th centuries A.D. It is speculated that the
number of underground settlements, generally used for taking refuge and for
religious purposes, increased during this era.
First built in the soft volcanic rock of
the Cappadocia region by Phrygians
in the 8th-7th centuries B.C
according to the Turkish Department
of Culture

Derinkuyu Underground City is an ancient multi-
level underground city of the Median Empire in the
Derinkuyu district in Nevşehir Province, Turkey.
It has approximately 60 m
and enough large to
shelter 20,000 people
Derinkuyu Underground City
Derinkuyu underground city is the largest excavated underground city in Turkey
and is one of several underground complexes found across Cappadocia.The
underground city at Derinkuyu could be closed from the inside with large stone
doors and each floor could be closed off separately.
Unique to the Derinkuyu complex and located on the second floor is a spacious
room with a barrel vaulted ceiling. It has been reported that this room was used
as a religious school and the rooms to the left were studies
Between the third and fourth levels is a vertical staircase way that leads to a
cruciform church on the lowest (fifth) level.
The large 55 m ventilation shaft appears to have been used as a well. The shaft
also provided water to both the villagers above and, if the outside world was not
accessible, to those in hiding.
CONCLUSION& information collected for our new city
Ancient city such as Derinkuyu underground city as the largest cities but it
consider about the basic elements and needs for human to survive under the
ground. The building built are related to the environment which is well
maintained open , green and public spaces. The city involves interaction between
these man-made and natural components. Besides, the city consists of space for
human activities and interactions. So I will insert those information to propose
my new city.
Example feature of ancient underground city
Heavy stone doors and the hole middle
the door can be used to close or open
millstone

PRESENT CITIES
PRESENT UNDERGROUND CITIES
Present Underground city refer to a network of tunnels that connects buildings
beneath street level which may house office blocks, shopping malls, metro
stations, theatres, and other attractions. These passages can usually be accessed
through the public space of any of the buildings which are connecting to them,
and sometimes are separate entries as well. This latter definition encompasses
many modern structures, while the former more generally covers tunnel systems
from ancient times to the present day.
Underground citiesare especially functional in cities with very cold or hot
climates, as they permit activities to be comfortably accessible year round
without regard to the weather. Underground cities are similar in nature to
skyway systems and may include some buildings linked by skyways or above-
ground corridors rather than underground.
As a series of linked subterranean
spaces that may provide a defensive
refuge, a place for living, working or
shopping, a transit
system,mausoleum,; wine or storage
cellar, cisterns or drainage channel.
Example of corridors that linked
between two building

Montreal underground city
Montreal Underground city in French is the largest underground network in the
world. It has 32 km of tunnel that cover more than 41 city blocks.
Access through the RÉSO can be made to apartment buildings, hotels, offices,
banks, and universities, as well as public spaces like retail shops and malls,
concert halls, cinemas, the Bell Centre hockey arena, museums, seven metro
stations, two train stations (Lucien-L'Allier and GareCentrale), a bus terminal
(Réseau de transport de Longueuil and other transit authorities), and other areas.
The network began as a connection between Place Ville Marie, the Queen
Elizabeth Hotel and the GareCentrale.
More than 2,000 shops and 40 cinemas line the passageways. Tourists
often visit attractions in the underground city, which is used by an
average of half a million Montrealers per day.
Eight metro stations link to smaller networks that are not yet part of the
central network, such as Berri UQAM in the eastern part of downtown and
Pie-IX which links venues from the 1976 Summer Olympics. Additionally,
other underground networks are now part of the metro system, such as
the La Cité housing and retail complex.
CONCLUSION & INFORMATION COLLECTED FOR OUR NEW CITY
The city focuses on the need of the people, the facilities, the transportation and
the infrastructures. The city links the relationship between the city and
neighbourhood is greatly interrelated. The city alsoexposes the elements of the
natural and built environment in their basic unit, form and function. Besides, it
also shows the symbiotic relationship of the elements of the natural and built
environment.
It connects 80% of office
space and 35% of commercial
space in downtown Montreal.

FUTURE CITY
Future city need to develop new partnership with various different stakeholder they
serve. New forms of partnership go beyond simply listening the view of others but
take action together are the essential part of this. Citizens become more than a voter
or customer which engaged as coproducers in the policies that will shape the city
future. Channels for interaction are also expanding and, most significantly, the real
interaction, More than simply providing information, the Internet provides a
platform for genuine dialogue between cities and citizens in a way that traditional
cannot easily accommodate. Developing accountability is a key aspect of the
strategies that cities are adopting to engage their citizen.
CONCLUSION & INFORMATION COLLECTED FOR OUR NEW CITY
IN propose a new city we need to think the complexity of rood systems , building
law, markets , business centre and etc as the need for the human become more
complex . Besides, the systematic of the zoning in the future should be consider
so that the citizen can be differentiate the different area in their city such as
business area ,commercial area, recreational area ,education area, religious and
cultures area and etc. We may also insert some technology facilities to make our
city a better place to live.

THE “X” CITY
INTRODUCTION OF THE CITY
The “X” city is a small size of city which is smaller than 70 km and the size of the
“X” city is between 25-40km. Then, the population of the X city is between
150,000-500,000 who are Malaysian that consists of different culture and
religion such as Buddhism, Islamic, Hinduism, Christian and etc.
CULTURE AND RELIGION OF PEOPLE IN “X” CITY
NEEDs OF THE PEOPLE IN “X” CITY
Transportation
Transportation is the tools that transfer one person from one location to another
location such as the movement of people, animals and goods from one location to
another. Modes of transport include air, rail, road, water, cable, pipeline and
space. The field can be divided into infrastructure, vehicles and operations.
Transport is important since it enables trade between people, which in turn
establishes civilizations.
Passenger transport may be public, where operators provide scheduled services,
or private.
Public transport Private TRASPORT
People in “X” city:
Muslim, Buddhist, Hindu,
Iban ,Kadazan and others
KTM, LRT, TRAIN, BUS, TAXI
AND ETC
CAR, BICYCLE, MOTORCYCLE
AND ETC

FOOD
Food is the basic need of the human to survive so the various type
of food can be satisfy the consumer .
CLOTH
JOB
THINGS THAT HAPENNED IN “X” CITY
In 2030, a big nuclear explosion happen over my previous city. This explosion
release the poisonous radioactive that might be kill my whole city’s resident. As
the mayor of the city, I decide to build a new city in underground as radioactive
can penetrate almost every things except the land. To make sure the healthiness
of my resident, I will build my city 50 km depth to avoid the penetration of the
radioactive.
Cloth also the basic need for the human to cover their
body surfaces and there may a lot of choices for people to
choose and follow the fashion according the season so
they are more confidence
There will be a lot of job for the
people to choose such as be a
doctor, lawyer, teacher, scientist,
architect, engineer and etc.

Nuclear explosion in 2033
CONCLUSION:
HOW TO BUILD THE BETTER FUTURE CITY FOR THEM?
To build a better city, we should consider about the pollution as the “X” city had
polluted and may effect the health of the citizen. So we have to build a city that
free from pollution so that the people live more comfortable and free. Besides,
the future city should success to treat the disaster that would happen in anytime
and we can certainly make improvements of our city. Then, me need to build a
great city that is sustainable and liveable.

SURVIVAL UNDERGROUND
Survival underground city has few layersand levels which each layer represent
the zoning of the city. All the city is cover by a protection shield to prevent the
building to be dusty as the air condition in underground in not going smoothly as
the space is compact. Besides, the shapes of my city mostly focus on circle and
square shape which make my city more better look. Then, the industrial area are
more far away from my main city as this area may produce loudness of engine
sound which cause sound pollution in my city. As my city build layering so there
are more spaces for the increasing of the population of the people
HOW TO OVWERCOME DISASTER:
The most common disaster always happen in undergroundis the earthquakes.
HOW TO FIND THE FOOD:
Food is the basic needs for the human and animals to survive in my city. So I will
build a very huge land for the purposes of plantation such fruits and vegetables
to produce various type of food like bread. Now, how the plant grows without the
sunlight produced for them to make photosynthesis? So, I will build a generator
converter to convert the heat to electricity energy that could light up the bulbs to
form light for the plant to produce their own food by photosynthesis. Besides, the
faeces of the human and animal can be collected for uses of energy such as heat
or electricity energy. Basically, the underground of the earth produce the amount
of heat consistent the depth of the underground so heat energy become our main
energy for every conversion to other energy. It is no doubt plant will produce
To overcome the earthquakes, I will build
an extra thick layer to cover the ground
around my city by the strong metal such
as iron to strengthen the structure of the
ground and ensure it does not fall down
while the earthquakes happen.
Example of earthquake in underground

oxygen and absorb carbon dioxide for their main needs so for an extra I will
build the oxygen tank for them to live more comfortable.
AGRICULTURE
Agriculture will become the main source to obtain food for my city as it produce
the basic needs of my resident such as crops, fruits , vegetables and etc. with the
light of darkness. The agriculture also may produce the meats from animals such
as cows, lambs, pig and etc. Then, various types of food can be produced to
increase their requirement for food to live better in my city. Besides, my city
will feed on the “underground bird” for the additional production of food such as
bird nest which is good for our health.
Production of crops production of beef
Example of agriculture in survival ground
LIGHTS
LIGHT OF DARKNESS
The lights are bright 24 hours as it is an essential tool for the farming and
agriculture for my country. Besides, it helps to increase the production of the
plantation to my city so that the lacking of food problems may not be appeared in
my city. The light of darkness helps my resident can see more clearlyaround
their surroundings to avoid accident happened. Besides, the light can be closed
and adjustable in specific condition.

TRANSPORTATION
Transportation is the tools that transfer one person from one location to another
location in faster speed. So, my city will use highly technology transportation
tools which do not produce smoke that are more eco-friendly that reduce the
smoke produced in my city.
BICYCLE
More eco-friendly as it replaces the oil to
chemical energy. It has battery that can be
charged and the battery of the bicycle can be
used for maximum one week. It does not
release smoke but it easily heat up for long
distance
PUBLIC LIFT
The lift is used for citizen to transfer more
longer distance. It has very high speed and
it also using electricity as the main energy
for moving. The public lift in my city are
moving vertically that usually we saw in the
present city
Stocks glasses transport
The stocks can be transferred by using this
transportation as it is easy n safe.

COMMUNICATION IN SURVIVAL GROUND
U-TOWER
COMMUNICATION TOOLS
PAW
OTHER ENTERTAIMENT TOOLS
High technology laptop and tablet High technology computer
U-TOWER is the main
communication connection that
located in two locations which is
south and north. It connects the
communication line in the whole
city.
PAW is the main communication tool in my city which has the
highlytechnologyfunctions that bring convenience to my
resident. It oval shape and small in sizes so it is easy to be
handle and bring to everywhere. It consist a lot of apps which
is similar with the present mobile phone such as internet ,
maps, call and etc.

ENERGY
BIOMASS ENERGY
Biomass is biological material derived from living, or recently living organisms. It
most often refers to plants or plant-derived materials which are specifically
called lignocellulose biomass. As a renewable energy source, biomass can either
be used directly via combustion to produce heat, or indirectly after converting it
to various forms of biofuel. Conversion of biomass to biofuel can be achieved by
different methods which are broadly classified into: thermal, chemical, and
biochemical methods.
GEOTHERMAL ENERGY
Geothermal energy is thermal energy generated and stored in the Earth. Thermal
energy is the energy that determines the temperature of matter. The geothermal
energy of the Earth's crust originates from the original formation of the planet
(20%) and from radioactive decay of minerals

CONCLUSION
In this project, I learn the on the development of a city. First,
we have to organise the zoning of the city properly so that
the city of the people may not get lost easily. Besides I learn
how important is it the relationship between the elements
and natural environment. Next I learn about the lesson on
the history of the ancient city that had destroyed so that I
can build the better city in my future life. Besides, I also
learn a lot of the experiences in this project which make me
more responsible and do think more systematically. Finally,
I would like to thank my lecture who gave this project to us
to learn about the nature

REFRENCES LINKS
WIKIPEDIA
WWW.GOOGLE.COM
WWW.YAHOO.COM

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