4. It’s out there, why not reuse it?
ImagebyDuaneHoffmann
www.msnbc.msn.com/id/32657885
Webb, S. (2012, December 12).
Photographer finds artist has painted
near exact copies of his pictures…
after seeing them on sale in a gallery
for $4,000. The Daily Mail. Retrieved
from http://bit.ly/XgG1MG
• Plagiarism can come in many different forms. What
is your experience with plagiarism?
• Why is it important for you to properly cite your
sources?
5. Pre-class citation
Cite this article: http://bit.ly/RYQ2Nz
Kinlaw, C.R., Dunlap, L.L., & D’Angelo, J.A.
(2012). Relations between faculty use of
online academic resources and student
class attendance. Computers &
Education, 59(2), 167-172.
doi:10.1016/j.compedu.2011.12.028
8. Style Manuals
Different disciplines use different
style manuals
Social Sciences = American
Psychological Association (APA)
Humanities = MLA Handbook for
Writers of Research Papers (MLA)
9. The point is…
Acknowledge where you found the
information
Briefly identify the source
Allows others to find additional
information
10. What needs to be cited?
Books
Web Pages
Magazine articles
Graphics
VHS,DVD, audio, etc.
Government reports
Statistics
Encyclopedia articles
Any source of information!
11. What needs to be cited?
Direct quotes
Ideas borrowed
Paraphrased material
12. In-text Citation needs:
Direct Quote
All authors’ last names
Year of publication
Page number
Paraphrase
All authors’ last names
Year of publication
13. Direct Quote: In-text citation
As researchers Yanovski and Yanovski
(2002) have explained, obesity was once
considered “either a moral failing or
evidence of underlying
psychopathology” (p. 592).
OR
A relationship is defined as “the
interdependence between two or more
people” (Coombs, 2001, p.106).
14. Direct Quote: In-text citation
Longer than 40 words?
Indented five spaces from left margin in
block format
Usually it is better to paraphrase
15. Paraphrase: In-text citation
Original
America today has
veered too far in the
direction of formal
testing without
adequate
consideration of the
costs and limitations
of an exclusive
emphasis on that
approach.
Paraphrase
In the United States,
the education system
places too much
emphasis on formal
testing, overlooking the
limitations and
expenses imposed
when that assessment
strategy is employed
exclusively (Gardner,
1993).
16. Paraphrase: In-text citation
Original
The Republican
Convention of 1860
… is sometimes seen
as a symbol of Whig
triumph within the
party. A closer look,
however, indicates
that the Whig’s
triumph within the
party was of a very
tentative nature.”
Paraphrase
Contrary to many
historians, Eric Foner
argues that the
Republican platform
of 1860 should not
be understood as an
indication of Whig
dominance of the
party (1995).
17. In-text Citations
More than one author
Two authors
Greenfield and Savage (1990)
(Greenfield & Savage, 1990, p. 567)
Three to five authors
You must first identify all of the authors either in the signal phrase or the
first citation.
Terrace, Petitto, Sanders, and Bever (1979) believed…
(Terrace, Petitto, Sanders, & Bever, 1979)
After you have identified all, you may use “et al.”
Terrace et al. (1979) stated……
(Terrace et al., 1979)
Six or more authors
Use first authors last name and then et al.
18. In-text Citations
Organization as author
Government or other organization
Use organization name as author in signal
phrase
Use organization in parenthetical citation
The National Institute of Mental Health
(2001)…
(National Institute of Mental Health, 2001)
19. Special cases
If you have more than one author with
the same last name, use the first initial in
the citation
(Smith, A., 2002)
If you have more than one work in the
same year by the same author, use letters
a, b, c, etc. to indicate correct source
(Entman, 2004a)
20. References
The in-text citation must match up with the references
entry
Use the heading “References” at the top of a new
page
List entries alphabetically
Author’s last name (if no author, then by organization
name or title)
Double space each entry
No extra spaces between entries
If over one line, entry should have a hanging indent
21.
22. References – Books
Create a reference for this book
Book authors or editors:
Last name
First letter of first name and middle initial
Date of publication:
Book Title:
Publication information:
City and state
Publisher
23. References – Books
Create a reference for this book
Book authors or editors: Grant, J.
Date of publication: (1994).
Book Title: I hate school!: Some common
sense answers for educators & parents who
want to know why & what to do about it
Publication information: Rosemont, NJ:
Modern Learning Press.
24. Book Example
Grant, S. (1994). I hate school!: Some common sense
answers for educators & parents who want to
know why & what to do about it. Rosemont, NJ:
Modern Learning Press.
Notes:
1. Periods must follow first letter of author’s name and middle initial,
publication date, book title, and publisher.
2. Book title is always in italics.
3. Only capitalize the first letter of book title, any letter following a colon (:),
and proper nouns.
25. References – Journals
Create a reference for this journal article
Article author:
Last name
First letter of first name and middle initial
Date of publication:
Article title:
Periodical title:
Publication information:
Volume number and issue number (if available)
Page numbers
Digital Object Identifier number:
26. References – Journals
Create a reference for this journal article
Article author: Peleg, R., & Baram-Tsabari, A.
Date of publication: (2011).
Article title: Atom surprise: Using theatre in primary
science education.
Periodical title: Journal of Science Education &
Technology,
Publication information: 20(5), 508-524.
Digital Object Identifier number: doi:10.1007/s10956-011-
9299-yx
27. Journal Example
Peleg, R., & Baram-Tsabari, A. (2011). Atom surprise: Using theatre
in primary science education. Journal of Science Education
& Technology, 20(5), 508-524. doi:10.1007/s10956-011-9299-y
Notes:
1. Periods must follow first letter of author’s first and middle initial, publication
date, article title, and publication information.
2. A comma will follow the author’s last name, first initial (if more than one
author), journal title and volume number.
3. Article title is never italicized – always written normal.
4. Always italicize: journal title, volume number, and the commas before and
after volume number. Journal title follows capitol case lettering.
5. Only capitalize the first letter of article title, any letter following a colon (:),
and proper nouns.
6. Place a space between author first name and middle initial
28. Journal Articles Extra Info
Articles retrieved from a database such as
EBSCO or PsycINFO do not need to
include database information
Articles not including a doi number should
contain the journal URL after the page
numbers such as
Retrieved from http://js.sagamorepub.com/pe
29. Common Knowledge
Quandary
Some examples:
Waste not, want not.
George Washington was the first president
of the US
The earth is round
When in doubt, cite it.
31. Practice creating citations
Go here to complete the plagiarism
worksheet
http://bit.ly/ISTCAPA2013
Please ask if you have questions!
Please provide feedback for ALL the
library sessions here
http://bit.ly/18CpcAD
32. Questions?
Feel free to contact me:
Laksamee Putnam
lputnam@towson.edu
410.704.3746.
Twitter: @CookLibraryofTU
Or any reference librarian:
Visit Cook Library Reference Desk
410.704.2462.
IM – tucookchat
