UNIVERSITY OF SINDH
HYDERBAD PAKISTAN,
FACULTY OF
EDUCATION
 Assigned by : Dr Amjad Ali Arain
 Prepared by : Zarqa Ahmed

COMPARISON
CRITIQUE AND
USE OF FOUR
VIEWS LEARNING
Cognitive Learning
Behavioral Learning
Social Learning
Humanistic Learning

OUTLINE
 Learning theories
 Definitions
 Focus
 Influences
 Learning Transfer

Learning Theory
 Learning theories are an organized set of
principles explaining how individual acquire
retain recall the knowledge by studying and
knowing the different learning theories we can
better understand how learning occur.

Cognitive learning
 It Is the study that how our brains work in the
process of perceiving, thinking, remembering
and learning (information processing)

CONT
 Cognitive learning has its place in curriculum
design and instruction. The idea of cognitive
design is that a desired outcome can be
achieved based on certain stimulus.

Focus
 Cognitive theories focus on the conceptualization
of students

Cognitive Influences
Cognitive learning is influenced by
psychological and brain studies.

Cognitive Learning Transfer
 The cognitive learner transferred information
is based on the of way its delivering , prior
knowledge of subject.

Behavioral Learning
 It says behavior can be changed or learned
through reinforcement, either positive or
negative, by the introduction of a stimulus

 Positive reinforcement is giving someone
reward them for good behavior.
 Negative reinforcement punish them for not-
so-good behavior.

Focus
 Behavioral learning is focused around
understanding and changing a learner’s
behavior.

CONT
 Experiments by behaviorists identify
conditioning as a universal learning process.
 There are two different types of conditioning,
each yielding a different behavioral pattern:

CONT
 1. Classic conditioning occurs when a natural reflex
responds to a stimulus.

Cont:
 2. Behavioral Or operant conditioning
occurs when a response to a stimulus is
reinforced.

Behaviorist Influences
 Behavioral learning influenced by the
learner’s abilities and prior knowledge, and
the learner’s environment.

Behaviorist Learning Transfer
 “In behavioral learning theories, transfer is a
result of generalization. Situations involving
identical or similar features allow behaviors to
transfer across common elements.” (Ertmer &
Newby, 1993)

Humanistic Learning
 A desire to grow in a positive way.

focus
 focuses on human beings being free to act
and control their own destinies.

Social learning
 Social Learning closely related to cognitivist
when it comes to memory.

Focus
 Understanding how we acquire knowledge

Social Learning Influences
 People are naturally social animals, who have
learned and evolved through thousands of years
of social interactions.

Social Learning Transfer
 Social learning transfer is most effective when
the learner is in a supportive environment