The document discusses indirect or reported speech. It explains that when reporting something that was said or written, the verb tenses and other elements like pronouns and place/time references need to be changed. It provides tables showing how verbs, pronouns, places and times are typically transformed when changing from direct to indirect speech. Examples are also given to illustrate these transformations.

1. Indirect Speech
(Reported Speech)
vorbirea indirecta
prezentare

2. Indirect Speech
 Vorbirea indirecta presupune repetarea a
ceea ce s-a scris sau s-a spus intr-o
comunicare.
 Se considera transformarile de pe slide-urile
urmatoare doar atunci cand verbul de
raportat este la un timp trecut.
 Atunci cand verbul este la prezent, timpurile
din propozitiile care se raporteaza raman
neschimbate.

3. Transformari
vb. directa  vb. indirecta
 Present Simple  Past Simple
 Present Continuous  Past Continuous
 Past Simple
 Present Perfect Simple  Past Perfect Simple
 Past Perfect Simple
 Past Continuous
 Present Perfect  Past Perfect
Continuous Continuous
 Past Perfect Continuous

4. Transformari
vb. directa  vb. indirecta
 Will =>  Would
 Would =>  Would
 Shall =>  Should
 Should =>  Should
 Can =>  Could
 Could =>  Could
 May =>  Might
 Might =>  Might
 Must =>  Must

5. Transformari
vb. directa  vb. indirecta
Here There
Now Then
Today That day
Yesterday The day before/ the previous
day
2 days/ 3 years (etc.)ago 2 months/ 3 years (etc.) before
Last month/ year etc. A (the) month/ year (etc.) before;
The previous month/ year
Tomorrow The next day/ the following day
Next year/summer etc. The next year/summer etc.

6. exemple
 Present Simple  Past Simple
 “I don’t want this book.”, he  He said he didn’t want that
said book
(don’t want => didn’t want)
(this => that)
 Present Continuous Past Continuous
 “She’s working hard for this  I told my manager (that) she
presentation”, I told my was working hard for that
manager. presentation
(is working => was working)
(this => That)

7. exemple
 Past Simple  Past Perfect Simple
 “Tom gave up his job yesterday”, my  My brother informed me (that) Tom
brother informed me. had given up his job the previous day.
(gave up => had given up)
(yesterday => the previous day)
 Present Perfect Simple  Past Perfect Simple
 “I have written a poem”, she  She exclaimed (that) she had written a
exclaimed. poem.
(have written => had written)
 Past Perfect Simple  Past Perfect Simple
 “I had forgotten my wallet”, he He explained he had forgotten his
explained. wallet.
(had forgotten had forgotten)
=> his)
(my =>

8. exemple
 Past Continuous  Past Perfect Continuous
 “I was reading the book at this time  She said she had been reading the
yesterday”,she said. newspaper at that time yesterday.
(was reading => had been reading)
(this => that)
 Present Perfect Continuous  Past Perfect Continuous
 “My mum has been calling you since  He told me his mum had been calling
lunch time”, he told me. me since lunch time.
(my => his)
(has been calling => had been calling)
(you => me)
 Past Perfect Continuous  Past Perfect Continuous
 “I had been repairing the car for one  He claimed he had been repairing the
hour before your arrival”, he claimed. car for one hour before my arrival.
(I => he)
(had been repairing => had been repairing)
(your => my)

9. exemple
 Will  Would
 “She will do it”, I exclaimed.  I exclaimed that she would do it.
 Would
 Will  He said he would have finished
 “I will have finished by then”, he by then.
said.
 Would
 Would  He said (that) he would like a
 “I would like a piece of cake”, piece of cake.
he said.
 Should
 Should  He told me (that) I should take
 “You should take care”, he told care.
me.

10. exemple
 Can  Could
 “My brother can swim”, she  She boasted her brother could
boasted. swim.

 May  Might
 “You may go there”, I told my  I told my boy he might go there.
boy.
  Might
 Might  I said it might rain that night.
 “It might rain tonight”, I said.
  Must
 Must  He told her she mustn’t eat that.
 “You musn’t eat that”, he told
her.

11. Intrebari – atentie la ordinea cuvintelor!!!
(din interogativ trece in afirmativ)
 “Why are you going  He asked why I was
there?”, he asked. going there.
 “Where do you live?”,  She asked where I
she asked. lived.
 “Has she been there?”,  My mum wondered if
my mum wondered. she had been there.
 “Who are you?”, she  She asked him who he
asked him. was.

12. Infinitive, exclamatii
 “Type these letters”, the  The boss told his secretary
boss told his secretary. to type those letters.
 “Don’t go there!”, I told my  I told my boy not to go there.
boy.  She exclaimed that the
 “What a nice morning!”, she morning was nice.
exclaimed.
 “Congratulations!”, he told  He congratulated his wife.
his wife.
 “Taxi!”, he shouted.  He called a taxi.
 “Merry Christmas!”, she told
us.
 She wished us Merry
Christmas.