11. Introduction
Indus Valley Civilization
Official name: Islamic republic of Pakistan
Before 1947 it was under rule of British Govt.
14th Aug, 1947 it emerged as a separate state.
Muhammad Ali Jinnah known as Quaid-e-Azam (Biggest
leader) was founder of Pakistan.
Head of the state: President Asif Ali Zardari
Head of Government: Prime Minister Mr. Yousaf Raza Gillani
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12. Geography
Pakistan is bounded by Iran in the west, Afghanistan in the north-west,
India in the east and south east and Arabian Sea in the south. There is a
common border with China alongside Gilgit and Baltistan in the north.
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14. Largest Cities
City Name Province Population
Karachi Sindh 13,205,339
Lahore Punjab 7,129,609
Faisalabad Punjab 2,880,675
Rawalpindi Punjab 1,991,656
Multan Punjab 1,606,481
Hyderabad Sindh 1,578,367
Gujranwala Punjab 1,569,090
Peshawar NWFP 1,439,205
Quetta Balochistan 896,090
Islamabad Punjab 689,249
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15. Area: 795,096 sq.km
land: 770,875 sq km
water: 25,220 sq km
Natural Resources
land, natural gas reserves, petroleum, poor quality coal, iron ore, copper, salt,
limestone
Natural Hazards:
frequent earthquakes, flooding along the Indus after heavy rains (July and
August)
Environment - current issues:
water pollution from raw sewage, industrial wastes, and agricultural runoff;
limited natural freshwater resources;
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16. Climate
Pakistan enjoys a considerable measure of variety of
Climate
North and north western high mountainous ranges are
extremely cold in winter while months of April to
September are very pleasant.
The plains of the Indus valley are extremely hot in
summer with a cold and dry weather in winter.
The coastal strip in the South has a moderate climate
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17. People and Society
Population:
180 million
Religions:
Muslim 95% (Sunni 75%, Shia 20%), other (includes Christian and
Hindu) 5%
Population Growth Rate:
1.573%
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19. Age Structure
0-14 years: 35.4%
male 34,093,853
female 32,278,462
15-64 years: 60.4%
male 58,401,016
female 54,671,873
65 years and over: 4.2%
male 3,739,647
female 4,157,870
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20. Ethnic Groups
Name Total in
millions
Percentage Provinces
Punjabi 78.7 44.15 Punjab
Pashtuns 27.2 15.42 NWFP
Sindhis 24.8 14.1 Sindh
Seraikis 14.8 10.53 Punjab
Muhajirs 13.3 7.57 Karachi (Sindh)
Balochs 6.3 3.57 Balochistan
Others 11.1 4.66
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21. Education
Poverty in the rural areas is significantly higher than in
the urban areas.
68% of the Pakistan’s population lives in rural areas.
60% of Pakistan’s rural poor are landless.
45% are non- agricultural households
15% are landless agricultural laborers.
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23. Economy
GDP Growth: 5.8 %
Annual per capital income: US 1,085 dollar.
GDP - composition by sector:
agriculture: 21.8%
industry: 23.6%
services: 54.6%
Unemployment rate:
15.4%
Budget:
revenues: $24.72 billion
expenditures: $35.67 billion
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24. Agricultural Products:
cotton, wheat, rice, sugarcane, fruits, vegetables; milk, beef, mutton, eggs
Industries:
textiles and apparel, food processing, pharmaceuticals, construction materials,
paper products, fertilizer, shrimp
Electricity –production: 89.23 billion kWh
Electricity –consumption: 68.55 billion kWh
Exports – partners:
US 15.8%, Afghanistan 8.1%, UAE 7.9%, China 7.3%, UK 4.3%, Germany 4.2%
Imports –partners:
China 17.9%, Saudi Arabia 10.7%, UAE 10.6%, Kuwait 5.5%, US 4.9%,
Malaysia 4.8% Korea Southern Power Co. Ltd.
25. Political Parties
Party name Strongest
Regions
Others Weak
Regions
Leaders
PPP Sindh Everywhere Punjab Asif Ali Zardari
PML (N) Punjab Everywhere Sindh Nawaz Sharif
PML (Q) Punjab, Everywhere Sindh,
Kashmir
Shujaat Hussain
MQM Karachi Altaaf Hussain
ANP Balochistan Karachi Punjab Asfandyar Wali
PTI Punjab NWFP, Baloch Sindh Imran Khan
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26. Pillar of Powers
Army
Parliament
Judiciary
Media
Pressure Groups:
Army, Ullema, Landowners, Industrialists
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