1.
01

2.
License
Creative Commons 3.0 (BY­NC­SA)
02

3.
About me
03

4.
Andrey Adamovich
Bio: Developer, coach, speaker, author, father
Company: Aestas/IT (http://aestasit.com)
E­mail:
andrey@aestasit.com
Linkedin: http://www.linkedin.com/in/andreyadamovich
Lanyrd: http://lanyrd.com/profile/andrey­adamovich
GitHub: https://github.com/aadamovich
SO: http://stackoverflow.com/users/162792/andrey­adamovich
Twitter: @aestasit
•••••••• 04

5.
Hardware
progress
05

6.
CPU DB: Recording Microprocessor
History
06

7.
Multi­core
processors
Most of modern processors are multi­core
Many of them use advanced techniques to support better parallelism
and resource utilisation (hyper­threading,
caching etc.)
Many of them are optimized for virtualization
••
•
07

8.
My laptop
4 cores, 2.9GHz each, 16GB of RAM, 250GB SSD + 250GB HD
During coding, answering e­mails
etc. hardly half of the cores is used
My mobile phone has as many cores as my laptop
My game console (Wii) is way less powerful than my phone
•••• 08

9.
Other
examples
09

10.
Paralella
10

11.
Raspberry Pi cluster
11

12.
OK
12

13.
Let's talk
about clouds
13

14.
What is
cloud?
14

15.
Definition: Cloud
A cloud is a visible mass of liquid droplets or frozen crystals made of
water or various chemicals suspended in the atmosphere above the
surface of a planetary body.
Source: Wikipedia “
15

16.
Definition: Cloud computing I
Cloud computing is computing in which large groups of remote servers
are networked to allow centralized data storage and online access to
computer services or resources.
Source: Wikipedia “
16

17.
Definition: Cloud computing II
Cloud computing relies on sharing of resources to achieve coherence
and economies of scale, similar to a utility (like the electricity grid) over
a network.
Source: Wikipedia “
17

18.
Definition: Cloud computing III
Cloud computing, or in simpler shorthand just "the cloud", also focuses
on maximizing the effectiveness of the shared resources.
Source: Wikipedia “
18

19.
X­as­a­Service
Software­as­a­Service
(users)
Platform­as­a­Service
(devs)
Infrastructure­as­a­Service
(devs + ops)
••• 19

20.
IaaS
If you know how to work with your servers, then on top of IaaS you can
build other XaaS.
20

21.
Components of effective IaaS
Virtualized Computing + Storage services
Networking + Security services
OS image library service
Rich API
•••• 21

22.
IaaS components
servers
disks
ip addresses
firewall settings (optional)
images (starting point)
snapshots (backups)
•••••• 22

23.
IaaS examples
AWS EC2
Google Compute Engine
Microsoft Azure
Digital Ocean
•••• 23

24.
IaaS vs.
private cloud
24

25.
In­house
virtualization
Comercial: VMWare, Oracle*, Parallels
Open­source:
VirtualBox, KVM, Qemu, Xen, Docker, OpenStack
•• 25

26.
VirtualBox
26

27.
VirtualBox
Powerful virtualization product for enterprise as well as home use
It has nice GUI and command line tools with tons of parameters
It is open­source
and free for personal use
••• 27

28.
A bit of history
Created by innotek GmbH
Open­sourced
in 2007
innotek was acquired by Sun in 2008
Sun was acquired by Oracle in 2010
•••• 28

29.
VirtualBox is
local IaaS?
29

30.
Computing
services
30

31.
Computing services
Well, it's a virtualization software
Suports x86 and AMD64/Intel64
Supports many operating systems (Windows, Linux, Solaris, MacOS)
••• 31

32.
Storage
services
32

33.
Storage services
Well, it's limited only by physical disk size
The faster the better (SSD?)
•• 33

34.
Disk file formats
VDI (VirtualBox)
VMDK (VMWare)
VHD (Windows)
HDD (Parallels)
•••• 34

35.
Disk types
Fixed­size
disk file
Slower creation time, faster writes
Dynamically allocated storage file
Faster creation time, slower writes
File size is growing when more disk sectors are written
Defragmenting disk inside guest OS will reduce file size
•
•
•
•••
35

36.
Networking
services
36

37.
VirtualBox networking
NAT with port forwarding
Bridged networking
Internal networking
Host­only
netwokring
•••• 37

38.
IP address pool
192.168.*.* = 65'536 addresses
127.0.0.* = 256 addresses
•• 38

39.
Hosts
On *nix in /etc/hosts
On Windows in C:WindowsSystem32driversetchosts
•• 39

40.
Hosts file example
192.168.33.15 local.solaris.messagebroker.net
192.168.48.112 local.ubuntu.app.it
127.0.0.212 local.active.directory.com
01.
02.
03.
40

41.
The cheapest
DNS ever!
41

42.
Display
Built­in
viewer
RDP/VNC
Headless mode
••• 42

43.
Snapshots
VM settings
Virtual disk state (differencing)
Memory
••• 43

44.
Image library
Let's wait with this one a bit...
44

45.
API =
VBoxManage
45

46.
VirtualBox commands
46

47.
Vagrant
47

48.
Vagrant features
Simplified VirtualBox management (networking, security, shared
drives, etc.)
Easy to read and share configuration
Package virtual machines as reusable boxes
•
•• 48

49.
As simple as...
vagrant init ubuntu/trusty64
vagrant up
vagrant ssh
01.
02.
03.
49

50.
Demo I
50

51.
Image library
51

52.
Vagrant cloud
52

53.
What if there
is no suitable
box there? 53

54.
Create your
own!
54

55.
Packer
55

56.
How to make an image
Download ISO file with your (favorite) OS
Download VirtualBox guest additions ISO to match VirtualBox
version
Free up local disk space (2x used virtual disk size + ISO size)
Set­up
environment variables
Create Packer's JSON configuration
Start Packer build
Go somewhere for 30­40
minutes
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
56

57.
Packer command
packer build ‐force 01. solaris11.json
57

58.
How to use the image
vagrant box add my/solaris11 solaris11.box ‐‐force
vagrant init my/solaris11
vagrant up
1.
2.
3.
58

59.
Demo II
59

60.
Disk re­sizing
I
First resize the file inside VirtualBox
Then resize partition in the guest OS
Choose maximum size carefully
••• 60

61.
Disk re­sizing
II
VBoxManage modifyhd <absolute path to file>
‐‐resize <size in MB>
01.
02.
61

62.
Imaginary setup
62

63.
Demo III
63

64.
VirtualBox­only
solution
64

65.
VirtualBox + Docker
65

66.
Summary
66

67.
Formula
VirtualBox + Vagrant(Cloud) + Packer = Personal Cloud
67

68.
Recap: Components of effective IaaS
Virtualized Computing + Storage services
Networking + Security services
OS image library service
Rich API
•••• 68

69.
Personal cloud components
Multi­core
laptop or desktop computer
VirtualBox (or VMWare) + Vagrant for virtualization
Packer (and patience) for image creation
VagrantCloud or external USB drive for image library
/etc/hosts, NAT, tunnelling for DNS and other network magic
Provisioning tools (Puppet, Chef, Ansible etc.) to fully setup your cloud
machines
Version control to keep track of your machine definitions
••••••
•
69

70.
Documentation & links
https://www.virtualbox.org/manual/UserManual.html
https://docs.vagrantup.com/v2/
https://www.packer.io/docs
https://vagrantcloud.com/
•••• 70

71.
Technologies to follow
Automation: Vagrant, Packer and other tools form HashiCorp
Virtualization: VirtualBox, VMWare, Parallels, Hyper­V,
Xen etc.
Containers: Docker ecosystem
Build your own IaaS with OpenStack
PaaS offerings: OpenShift, CloudFoundry etc.
Cloud providers: AWS, Azure, GCE
•••••• 71

72.
Questions?
72

73.
Grazie!
73

74.
Slides + code
https://github.com/aestasit/talks2014­codemotion­milan­pc­personal­cloud­slides
https://github.com/aestasit/talks2014­codemotion­milan­pc­personal­cloud­setup
•
•
74