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This talk...
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...is partially inspired by:
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The path...
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...through...
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...monoliths
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...and SOA
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Actually, huge monoliths
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Actually, huge monoliths
>300K LOC of source code (reaching 2M LOC)
>2K LOC of supporting code
dozens of components and extra deployment configuration
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Before Gradle
Using Maven 2 since 2005
Writing Maven plugins
Advocating Maven (before 2008)
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The path to Gradle
Active Gradle user since 2008
A slight Maven basher from 2008 till 2016
After 2016, peace maker, right­tool­for­the­job kinda guy
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Not just for...
compiling
running tests
creating a JAR/WAR/EAR
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... but also
pubishing artifacts
signing artifacts
running integration tests
running performance tests
managing database
generating non­standard artifacts
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Non­standard artifacts
Configuration data and secrets
LDAP role tree based on the structure of deployed components
ESB configurations generated from the service structure
Monitoring dashboards generated from annotations
Puppet manifests to provision environments
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The fight
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Maven vs.
Gradle
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Maven vs. Gradle
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Maven vs. Gradle
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Maven vs. Gradle
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Maven vs. Gradle
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Maven vs. Gradle
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Maven vs. Gradle
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Maven vs. Gradle
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Maven vs. Gradle
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Maven vs. Gradle
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Let's stop
fighting!
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Otherwise, Buck will take over...
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What's in it
for me?
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The good
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The conventions
Source directory structure (was defined by Maven)
Repository/dependency structure (was defined by Maven)
Yes, most of them are from Maven
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The DSL
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The API
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The API
Project
Task
Dependency
Artifact
SourceSet
...
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The dependency notation
group:name:version:classifier@packaging
org.gradle.test.classifiers:service:1.0:jdk15@jar
org.springframework:spring‐core:2.5
com.mycompany:puppet‐manifests:1.5@zip
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The power of
copy
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The power of copy
copy {
into 'build/webroot'
exclude '**/.svn/**'
from('src/main/webapp') {
include '**/*.jsp'
filter(ReplaceTokens,
tokens:[copyright:'2009', version:'2.3.1'])
}
}
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The power of copy
task copyRuntimeLibs(type: Copy) {
into "lib"
from configurations.testRuntime
}
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The power of copy
task unzip(type: Copy) {
from zipTree(zipFile)
into "unzipped"
include "dir/to/unzip/**"
}
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The power of copy
task unzip(type: Copy) {
from zipTree(zipFile)
into "unzipped"
eachFile { FileCopyDetails fcp ‐>
...
}
}
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The power of copy
https://docs.gradle.org/3.5/javadoc/
org/gradle/api/file/CopySpec.html
org/gradle/api/Project.html#files(java.lang.Object...)
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The wrapper
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The wrapper
gradle/wrapper/gradle‐wrapper.jar
gradle/wrapper/gradle‐wrapper.properties
gradlew
gradlew.bat
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./gradlew and ./gradlew.bat
Checks if Gradle distribution exists in user's home
Downloads it if it is not there already
Runs Gradle from the distrubution
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gradle­wrapper.properties
#Sat Oct 31 22:09:32 EET 2015
distributionBase=GRADLE_USER_HOME
distributionPath=wrapper/dists
zipStoreBase=GRADLE_USER_HOME
zipStorePath=wrapper/dists
distributionUrl=https://.../gradle‐2.7‐bin.zip
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gdub
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gdub
gdub ( gw on the command line) is a gradle / gradlew wrapper.
Not to be confused with the Gradle Wrapper, gw invokes ./gradlew
on projects where one is configured, and falls back to use the gradle
from the $PATH if a wrapper is not available. Also, gw is 66% shorter
to type than gradle and 78% shorter to type than ./gradlew.
“
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Maven Wrapper
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The
continuous
build49

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The continuous build
gradlew ‐t <task>01.
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Demo
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The
incremental
build52

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Task inputs/outputs
task(one) {
inputs.dir 'src'
inputs.file 'config.xml'
}
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Task inputs/outputs
task(one) {
outputs.file 'package.par'
}
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Task inputs/outputs
task(one) {
outputs.upToDateWhen {
// custom code
}
}
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Incremental Java compiler
Introduced since Gradle 3.4
General moto: compilation avoidance
Mechanism for up­to­date checking of Java compilation that is
sensitive to public API changes only
This means that if you change a comment or even a private API in a
downstream project, Java compilation for upstream projects will be
UP­TO­DATE
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The cache
Information about tasks inputs/outputs is stored inside project's
.gradle directory.
Gradle distributions, downloaded libraries, compiled scripts are stored
in $USER_HOME/.gradle .
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Using local maven cache
repositories {
mavenLocal()
}
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The daemon
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The daemon
Can be disabled: org.gradle.daemon=false
Daemon status: gradlew ‐‐status
Different Gradle and/or Java version will trigger a new daemon
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The daemon
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The build scan
plugins {
id "com.gradle.build‐scan" version "1.7.1"
}
buildScan {
licenseAgreementUrl = 'https://...'
licenseAgree = 'yes'
}
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The build scan
gradle build ‐‐scan01.
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The build scan
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The composite builds
gradle test ‐‐include‐build ../number‐utils01.
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The built­in tasks
gradle init ‐‐type java‐library
gradle wrapper ‐‐gradle‐version 3.5
gradle tasks
gradle dependencies
gradle ‐‐status
gradle ‐‐gui
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Gradle GUI
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IDE support
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Sad face here
:(
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IDE
People who prefer Maven expect their IDE to work with Maven out­of­
the­box. That's totally valid expectation.
Gradle can work in that way as well now (more or less), but it wasn't
the case for some time.
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IDE
POM editor usually works perfectly and it is easy to implement.
Gradle editor is hard to implement and none of the IDEs actually did it
well.
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Honestly, I don't care!
plugins {
id "idea"
id "eclipse"
}
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Honestly, I don't care!
gradlew cleanIdea idea
gradlew cleanEclipse eclipse
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Intellij IDEA
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Intellij IDEA
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Eclipse
BuildShip
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Structuring
the build
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gradle.properties
Project's local gradle.properties
Override through $USER_HOME/.gradle/gradle.properties
Override through ‐Pprop=somevalue
Override through environment variables
ORG_GRADLE_PROJECT_prop=somevalue
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gradle.properties
Custom user settings
Isolating secrets from the build code
CI­friendly
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apply from: other.gradle
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Facets
./gradle/
java.gradle
ide.gradle
...
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Writing your own plugin
apply plugin: GreetingPlugin
class GreetingPlugin implements Plugin<Project> {
void apply(Project project) {
project.task('hello') << {
println "Hello from the GreetingPlugin"
}
}
}
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buildSrc
buildSrc/build.gradle
buildSrc/src/main/java
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Testing
plugins
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TestKit
dependencies {
testCompile gradleTestKit()
}
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TestKit
public class BuildLogicFunctionalTest {
@Test
public void testHelloWorldTask() throws IOException {
String buildFileContent =
"task helloWorld {" +
" doLast {" +
" println 'Hello world!'" +
" }" +
"}";
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TestKit
BuildResult result = GradleRunner.create()
.withProjectDir(testProjectDir.getRoot())
.withArguments("helloWorld")
.build();
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TestKit
GradleRunner.withGradleVersion(java.lang.String)
GradleRunner.withGradleInstallation(java.io.File)
GradleRunner.withGradleDistribution(java.net.URI)
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TestKit
assertTrue (result
.getOutput()
.contains("Hello world!"));
assertEquals(result
.task(":helloWorld")
.getOutcome(), SUCCESS);
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GradleTest
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GradleTest
buildscript {
dependencies {
classpath "org.ysb33r.gradle:gradletest:0.5.4"
}
}
apply plugin : 'org.ysb33r.gradletest'
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GradleTest
gradleTest {
versions '2.0', '2.2', '2.4', '2.5', '2.9'
}
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Plugins
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Useful plugins
license
versions
shadow
izpack
stats
release
bintray
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Useful plugins
coveralls
asciidoctor
markdown
livereload
gretty
nexus
watch
pitest
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Useful plugins
clirr
flyway
jmh
osspackage
sshoogr
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Kotlin
support
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Take aways
Gradle is not ideal (but what is?)
Gradle's value is in its API, DSL, plug­ins and community
Gradle is constanly evolving
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Links
https://zeroturnaround.com/rebellabs/making­gradle­builds­faster/
https://github.com/ksoichiro/awesome­gradle
https://github.com/gradle­guides/performance
https://github.com/shekhargulati/gradle­tips
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That's all!
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Thank you!
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