This presentation has been designed to give the reader an overview in relation to the different aspects that are to be considered when planning and designing a new intensive care unit within a hospital

1. Clinical Engineering Development
Workshop
2009 Australian Annual Conference of Engineering and
Physical Science in Medicine
7th 8th of November 2009
Canberra ACT
1

2. Specification & Planning
For Intensive Care Units (ICUs)
Achi (A.C.) Kushnir
Project Engineer
Electro Medical Unit
2

3. Overview
Equip. Specification/Data
Clinical Management
Service Plan
Planning of anICU
Planning ICU
Unit
Planning ICUs in The Design
the future Team
3

4. Intensive Care Unit - Background
 ICUs provide critical care to patients with life
threatening illness or injury
 Coordination of clinical expertise,
technological and therapeutic resources for
patients in critical condition
4

5. Intensive Care Unit - Background
 * >20% of hospital budget
 Average cost per day per patient between
$3000 -$3500 (AUD)
5

6. ICU Specification
Clinical Service Plan
 Projected population growth & population
requirement
 Sources of patients
 Admission and discharge criteria
 Expected rate of occupancy
 Economic investment
 Work force planning
 Technological resources
6

7. ICU Specification
Clinical Service Plan
Facilities and Space allocation
 Australian Health Facility Guide lines
 Room Layout and Data sheets
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8. 8

9. 9

10. 10

11. ICU Specification
Data Management
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12. ICU Specification
Data Management
 Electronic Medical Records (EMR)
 Improved quality of care to the patient
 Predictive software
 Remote Data Transmission capabilities
 Reduction in Admin. Tasks
 Reduction in paper consumption
12

13. ICU Specification
Data Management
13

14. ICU Specification
Equipment Specification
14

15. The Design/Planning Team
 Intensive Care Director
 NUM – Nurse Unit Manager
 Hospital Administrators
 End Users (Nurses, Doctors, ICU staff)
 Architects
 Engineers (Hospital Services Engineer,
Electrical, Mechanical, Clinical/Biomedical
etc.)
15

16. The Design/Planning Team
 Clinical Staff, Clinical Management
- Explaining their needs as end users
- Work flow of patients
- Functional relationship brief
16

17. The Design/Planning Team
 Architects
- Translating the clinical needs into a design
that can be transformed into an actual
construction.
- Ensure standards and guidelines are
maintained (BCA, AHFG, TS11 etc.)
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18. 
The Design/Planning Team
 Hospital Management
(Health Facility planner)
 Ensuring the planning and the design comply to
TS11 and HFG standards and within the budget!
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19. Mechanical Engineering
 Air movement between spaces must be designed in
 such a way that cross infection is prevented.
 Pressure regimes were designed between clean and
 dirty areas and with segregation between fresh intakes
and exhaust points
 Medical gases
 Air conditioning must be adjusted for the needs of the
ICU unit
19

20. Biomedical/Clinical Engineers
 Ensuring the equipment suits the clinical needs
 Input in the equipment purchase process
 Design of the environment in relation to the equipment
needs
 Contribute to the safe use of the equipment and
technology
20

21. Electrical Engineer
- What type of equipment is involved?
- Load requirements
- Emergency electrical supply (Generator or UPS)
- Lighting requirements
21

22. ICU PLANNING IN THE
FUTURE
• Higher proportion of aged
individuals
• Population is increasing
• The ability to perform more complex
procedures
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23. ICU PLANNING IN THE
FUTURE
Closed patient room design
23

24. ICU PLANNING IN THE
FUTURE
 Technology and medical innovation will have an impact on
how we design our ICUs and how they will operate in the
future
24

25. ICU PLANNING IN THE
FUTURE
Develop ICU units to cater for health problems with
adaptive design
The link between mobile phone use and development
of brain tumours…
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26. 26

27. Acknowledgements
ElectroMedical Unit – NSW Public Works
Joe Gomes/Architect NSW Government’s Architect Office
Halina Nagiello - Health Facility Planner Manager
(Westmead Children’s Hospital )
Chris Hill – Mechanical Engineer/NSW Public Works
Philip Wenhem – PM/CC / Philips Health Care

28. References
(1) Australian Health Facility Guidelines 2009, Health Facility
Briefing and Planning of Intensive Care Units (Pages 518 – 549)
(2) Reducing Overall Design and Construction Costs on Healthcare
and Hospital Projects, William N. Bernstein
(h ttp://www.bernarch.com/Publications-
ReducingOverallDesignandConstructionCosts-HospitalNewspaper.4-09.htm)
(3) Delivering the means for better health care, Justin Liew –
Engineers Australia Magazine, April 2008
(4) The Patient Process as the basis for the Design of an ICU
Article: B. Regli and J. Takala(2006)
(5) NSW Government Action Plan for Health, Intensive Care Service Plan,
NSW Health 2001
(6) Health Care Design Magazine, October 2009
(http://www.healthcaredesignmagazine.com/ME2/dirmod.asp?sid=&nm=&type=Publishing&mod=Publications
%3A
%3AArticle&mid=8F3A7027421841978F18BE895F87F791&tier=4&id=E9D3890833C749E3B963351F91E444B
3# )
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29. Thank you…
Achi (A.C.) Kushnir
achi.kushnir@gmail.com
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