2. Arrival in India: 1600
Business Company of Merchants
and Aristocrats
Letter for Jehangir: 1612
Settlement :Trade Point Surat
(Given in dowry to catherine of
Braganza)
3. Suddenly the wind has changed,
my soul
Is restless constantly.
How shall I tell the tale of woe,
My heart is rent with agony.
Delhi was once a paradise,
Such peace had abided here.
But they have ravished its name
and pride,
Remain now only ruins and care
Bahadur Shah Zafar (October 1775-7 November 1862)
4. To eliminate the separate Identity of
Muslims
Replacement of Persian and Arabic with Urdu
Bringing down of muskim peearage from
55%to 5%.
Vital blow to Muslim culture, society and
economics
5. Muslims not recruited in Army and Civilian
employment
Loss of culture, identity and selfhood
Poverty, misery and breakdown of society
Low morale and helplessness
6. “Ruthless in victory the slightest
suspicion was sufficient for a man to
be hanged”
Mirza Ghalib
“Iam the light of no one’s eye
The rest of no one’s heart am I
That which can be of no use to none
A handful of dust am I”
Bahadur Shah Zafar.
7. Thomas Babington Macaulay (1800–1859)
o“We must at present do our best to
form a class who may be interpreters
between us and the millions whom we
govern; a class of persons, Indian in
blood and colour, but English in taste,
in opinions, in morals, and in
intellect”(430).
oMISSION SUCCESSFUL
8. Language and Ideology
Why English?
Changing Identity
9. Mohammad Iqbal: (1877-1938)
Reconstruction of Religious Thought
Altaf Hussain Hali: Mussadas-e-Hali
(1837-1914)Social and moral
degradation of Muslims
Shibli Naumani: (1857-1914) Tried
to retrieve past glory and rich
heritage
Sir Syed Ahmad Khan (1817-1898) A
Reformer: Two Nation Theory
14. Colonial Past
Muslim Glory
Cultural Synthesis
Nostalgia
Cultural Insight
Religious Imagery
Politics
Mysticism
15. Strong middle class
Struggle to preserve identity and religion
Contest authoritarianism
Religious puritanism
Political Controversy
16. Change in Class structure
Dress and Language
Philosophy
Modernity replacing old order
17. Social Problems
Subdued Status of Women
Nationalism
Communal riots
18. Mohsin Hamid:The Reluctant Fundamentalist
Nadeem Aslam:“Maps for Lost Lovers
Uzam Aslam Khan:”Story of the noble Rot”
Kamila Shamsie “Burnt Shadows”
Mohammad Hanif: “A case of Exploding
Mangoes”
H.M. Naqvi: “Home Boy”
19. From Purdah to Parliament (1963)
Shaista Ikramullah
Father and Daughter (1971)
Jahanara Shahnawa
Daughter of the East (1988)
Meatless Days (1989)
Memoirs of a Rebel Princes (2004)
My Feudal Lord (1989)
Tehmina Durrani
20. Deterritorialization of Literature
Family-nation and national culture
Religion and the political framework
War on terror
Fear and vioence in the wake of 9/11
21. Orientalism (1978)
Founder of Critical theory of PostColonialism
Analyzes Cultural Representation
Orient and the Occident
Most powerful political voice of Palestinian
People
22. A History of Pakistani Literature in English
By Tariq Rahman Vanguard.1990
Post Independence Voices in South Asian
Writings. By Lal, Hashmi and Ramraj.2001