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Water soluble vitamins Prof. (Dr) Viyatprajna Acharya www.vpacharya.com
What shall we learn ??? • How discovered? • Chemistry • Dietary sources • D/R • Biochemical functions • Deficiency manifes...
www.vpacharya.com
www.vpacharya.com
B1- Thiamine / Anti-Beri-beri/ Anti-neuritic factor • 1900- Eijkman produced beri-beri in chicken by feeding polished rice...
Food sources Plant source • Aleurone layer of cereals • Pulses, nuts • Yeast Animal source • Milk • Liver, kidney, heart •...
Chemistry • Pyrimidine ring and a thiazole ring held by methylene bridge • Active coenzyme form- TPP (Thiamine pyrophospha...
Biochemical role of Thiamine Co-enzyme role: 1. PDH 2. Alpha ketoglutarate dehydrogenase 3. Transketolase www.vpacharya.com
D/R • 0.5mg/1000 Cal or 1-1.5mg/day • Depends on carbohydrate intake www.vpacharya.com
How deficiency occurs?? • Polished rice intake • Generalised malnutrition • Chronic alcoholics • Sea foods- Thiaminase • F...
Deficiency manifestations • Carbohydrate metabolism ↓ ↓ Accumulation of pyruvate & lactate in blood and urine • Pyruvate c...
Initial manifestations • Anorexia • Weakness • Constipation • Nausea • Mental depression • Numbness & tingling in the peri...
Wernicke’s- Korsakoff’s disease- moderate to severe deficiency of B1 •Confusion •Confabulation •Ophthalmoplegia •Nystagmus...
Beri Beri- (I can’t I can’t)- Severe deficiency • Dry- Peripheral neuritis, extremely weak mm., difficult to walk • Wet- w...
Diagnosis??? • Clinically • ↓ Thiamine • ↑ Pyruvate, alpha-ketoglutarate, lactate • ↓RBC transketolase activity www.vpacha...
www.vpacharya.com
For more ppt on Medical Biochemistry visit my website www.vpacharya.com www.vpacharya.com
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B1 thiamine

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Medical Biochemistry for MBBS, BDS and Nursing students

Published in: Health & Medicine
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B1 thiamine

  1. 1. Water soluble vitamins Prof. (Dr) Viyatprajna Acharya www.vpacharya.com
  2. 2. What shall we learn ??? • How discovered? • Chemistry • Dietary sources • D/R • Biochemical functions • Deficiency manifestations • Hypervitaminosis??? www.vpacharya.com
  3. 3. www.vpacharya.com
  4. 4. www.vpacharya.com
  5. 5. B1- Thiamine / Anti-Beri-beri/ Anti-neuritic factor • 1900- Eijkman produced beri-beri in chicken by feeding polished rice • Windaus- elucidated the structure www.vpacharya.com
  6. 6. Food sources Plant source • Aleurone layer of cereals • Pulses, nuts • Yeast Animal source • Milk • Liver, kidney, heart • Pork www.vpacharya.com
  7. 7. Chemistry • Pyrimidine ring and a thiazole ring held by methylene bridge • Active coenzyme form- TPP (Thiamine pyrophosphate) www.vpacharya.com
  8. 8. Biochemical role of Thiamine Co-enzyme role: 1. PDH 2. Alpha ketoglutarate dehydrogenase 3. Transketolase www.vpacharya.com
  9. 9. D/R • 0.5mg/1000 Cal or 1-1.5mg/day • Depends on carbohydrate intake www.vpacharya.com
  10. 10. How deficiency occurs?? • Polished rice intake • Generalised malnutrition • Chronic alcoholics • Sea foods- Thiaminase • Fern- Pyrithiamine having anti-thiamine activity www.vpacharya.com
  11. 11. Deficiency manifestations • Carbohydrate metabolism ↓ ↓ Accumulation of pyruvate & lactate in blood and urine • Pyruvate crosses BBB- disturbed metabolism of brain • ↓TPP- lack of neural transmissionwww.vpacharya.com
  12. 12. Initial manifestations • Anorexia • Weakness • Constipation • Nausea • Mental depression • Numbness & tingling in the peripheral organs • Irritability www.vpacharya.com
  13. 13. Wernicke’s- Korsakoff’s disease- moderate to severe deficiency of B1 •Confusion •Confabulation •Ophthalmoplegia •Nystagmus •Cerebellar ataxia •Psychosis •Death www.vpacharya.com
  14. 14. Beri Beri- (I can’t I can’t)- Severe deficiency • Dry- Peripheral neuritis, extremely weak mm., difficult to walk • Wet- with oedema, Heart failure • Infantile- born to B1 deficient mothers www.vpacharya.com
  15. 15. Diagnosis??? • Clinically • ↓ Thiamine • ↑ Pyruvate, alpha-ketoglutarate, lactate • ↓RBC transketolase activity www.vpacharya.com
  16. 16. www.vpacharya.com
  17. 17. For more ppt on Medical Biochemistry visit my website www.vpacharya.com www.vpacharya.com

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