1. 1
Database Systems

2. Books
• Database Systems
By Thomas Connolly & Carolyn Begg
• Modern Database Management
By Jeffrey A. Hoffer, Mary B. Prescott,
& Fred R. McFadden
• Database Management Systems
By Ramakrishnan & Gehrke
2

3. Data
• Stored representation of objects
and events that have meaning and
importance in the user’s
environment
3

4. Information
• The processed form of data
• Data that have been processed in
such a way as to increase the
knowledge of the person who uses the
data (Jeffrey A. Hoffer)
4

5. 5
Types of Data

6. Database
• A database is a shared collection
of logically related data, and a
description of this data, designed
to meet the requirements of
different users of an
organization. (Connolly)
6

7. 7
The concept of a shared
organizational database
Accounting
Accounts
Payable
Accounts
Receivable
Management
Control
Planning
Manufacturing
Production
Scheduling
Marketing
Product
Development
Sales
Corporate
Database

8. 8
Database Management System
A software system that enables
users to define, create, maintain,
and control access to the database.
(Connolly)

9. 9
Example of a Database System
Registration
Examination
Library
Applications
Library
Examination
Applications
Registration
Applications
University
Students
Database
Database Management System

10. 10
Advantages of a
Database Approach
➢Sharing of Data
➢Data Independence
➢Better Data Security
➢Controlled Redundancy
➢Better Data Integrity
➢Improved Data Standards
➢More Information from the same amount
of data

11. 11
Advantages of a
Database Approach
➢Faster development of new applications
➢Increased concurrency
➢Improved maintenance through data
independence
➢Improved backup and recovery services

12. 12
Disadvantages
➢Complexity
➢Cost of DBMS

13. 13
A Typical Database System
Database
DBMS
Application Programs
interact
Database
Administrators
Database
Designers
develop
maintain
design
Software
Users
Data
End users
Application
Programmers

14. 14
Functions of a DBMS
• Data Storage, Retrieval, and Update
• Concurrency Control Services
• Recovery Services
• Security and Integrity Services
• Support for Data Communication
• A User-Accessible Catalog
• Utility Services (Backup, Restore,
Database tuning)

15. 15
Practical Assignment
➢In Oracle,
➢Try DDL (Create, Drop, Alter)
➢Try DML (Select, Insert, Update, Delete)
➢Try DCL (Grant, Revoke)