1. SURVEY OF RELEVANCE OF CAREER GUIDANCE AMONGST
UNDERGRADUATE SCHOOL OF SCIENCE EDUCATION
STUDENTS, FEDERAL COLLEGE OF EDUCATION,
(TECHNICAL) BICHI, KANO, NIGERIA.
By
ALAIRU AMINAT
DEPARTMENT OF PHYSICAL AND HEALTH EDUCATION, SCHOOL OF SCIENCE
EDUCATION, FEDERAL COLLEGE OF EDUCATION (TECH) BICHI P.M.B.3473 KANO.
08065566692

2. Abstract
• This study was a survey conducted to determine the influence of stake holders on
student career choice particularly amongst undergraduate students in school of
science education Federal College of Education, (Technical) Bichi Kano. The
population of the study comprised of 3266 subjects and the sample used was 236
units. Among the research questions asked was, what are the factors responsible
for the career aspirations of undergraduate students? Questionnaires were
administered to elicit information and views from the respondents. The data was
descriptively analyzed using percentage and Chi-square was used to analyze the
hypothesis which shows there is no significant relationship between the career
guidance services and the students. Also, 55% of the students often and very often
discussed academic issues with their father while 40% rarely and sometimes
discussed with their mother while 5% do discussed academic issues with neither
their father nor their mother. The result further indicated that, 23% of respondents
were influence by their father in their career choices 11% by their mother 10% by
their relatives indicating 44% home influence on career choices of the respondents.
The study also revealed that lack of adequate career guidance as a result of under
utilization of the career services lead most of the respondents to undertake courses
not relevant to their career choice. Consequently, this will lead to the production of
incompetent manpower to the nation. Among the recommendations made were;
Federal and State government to ensure recruitment of qualified counseling
personnel and adequate provision of fund and facilities for effective administration
of the services in our institutions
• . KEY WORD; Relevance of Career Guidance, Student Career Choice, unskilled and incompetent workforce

3. Introduction
• Conventional schooling was introduced to create manpower for the various modern
institutions to produce goods and services for the humanity(Femi & Adewale, 2012)
• FME, (2008)Started that there is need for functional education; for the promotion of
a academic excellence to-the end school programmes need to be relevant, practical
and comprehensive; while interest and ability should determine the individual's
direction in; education.
• It is important to note that most of the; final year students in college of education
take subject/ combinations that fail to meet the admission' requirement and
their choice or job opportunities (Olatoye, 2008).
• A few still find it difficult to convince their parents about developing careers of
their interest. (Memon.,Muhammad & Muhammad, 2010;
• Fafunwa (1990) opined that, a mandatory student Guidance and Counseling Service
should be established in all Nigerian Institutions of Higher learning because
through such services, the true conditions of the Nigeria Economy and its ever
increasing labour market demands will be met.

4. Intro; cont
• eed for proper implementation of guidance and counseling services for the youths
in colleges of education in Nigeria in order to reduce the problem of unskilled and
incompetent workforce Akinsanyo., Ajayi & Salomi, 2014)
• Guidance literally mean to "guide,” inform, direct, watch over, aid and assist
individual, students in making choices, adjustments and solving problems they
encounter in teaching and learning situations (Obisi & Anyim, 2012).
• The absence of career counseling in our educational and training system must be
responsible for the frustration observed among many of the nations' youth, men
and women. (Felix, 1996 and Nwachukwu, 2005)
• To remedy this situation, it is therefore a necessity that, career counseling be
institutionalized in all the nation's educational systems and training institutions.
• There are number of factors that affect individual choice of career which largely
depend on; i. Interest, ii. Aptitude, iii.Values, iv. Opportunity (Kraus & Hughe,
1999).

5. Statement of the Problem
• The motivation for carrying out this study lies with the fact that so
many students gained admission into various courses of study that
are contrary to what they are interested, which impliedly emanated
from lack of career guidance.
• To this end, there is a vital need for career guidance and counseling
services in the educational system of this country.
• Majority of school children and colleges undergraduates do not
know exactly what field of study they want to take or for what
purpose they are within the particular education system they are in.
• This research is an attempt to investigate the relevance of career
guidance amongst undergraduate students in School of science
Education of Federal College of Education (T) Bichi Kano..

6. Objectives of the Study& Research Questions
• 1. Find out whether students discuss academic issues with their parents
• 2. Investigate the Influence of stake holders on student career choice
• 3. Determine whether there is relationship between career services and
the student's career choice.
• Research Questions :
• -To what extent student discuss academic issues with their parents?
• - What are the factors responsible for the career aspirations of
undergraduate students?
• - What is the relationship between career services and the student's
career choice?

7. Population of the Study
The population consists of the students in the School of Science Education of the Federal
College of Education (T) Bichi, Kano, Table 1 shows the list of the programmes and the
number of students.
COURSE/LEVEL PRE-NCE NCEI NCEII NCEIII TOTAL
Physic/Mathematic 16 46 63 34 159
Inter-science/Physical Health Education 16 103 82 89 299
Biology 24 402 440 502 1368
Chemistry 30 160 201 226 617
Computer 12 270 279 262 823
Total 3266
Sample of the Study
The random sampling technique method was used to select 204 students out of the total
population of 3266 students and 85 students in Biology education were used as purposive
sample. Hence, total of 236 students from the school of science education Federal College of
Education (T) Kano were used as sample for the study. Physic/Mathematic - 10 students.
Integrated Science / Physical Health Education - 19 students, Biology - 85 students, Chemistry -
39 students and Computer 51 students. The total sample population is 236.
Table 1. The List of the Programmed and the Number of Students at each Level
Sources ; Schools of Science Examination unites

8.  Instrumentation
The researcher design one instrument for data collection the name of the instrument is
Student Career Inventory Questionnaire (SRIQ). The instrument contained 21
items made up of both multiple choice questions and open ended responses.
 Validity of the Instrument
The instrument was validated by three Ph.D holders in science education at the rank of
Senior Lecturers in the department of science education Bayero University Kano.
The instrument was used to elicit information from the subject about career guidance.
 Reliability of the Instrument
The instrument Student Questionnaire (SRIQ) was Career Inventory designed by
the researcher. The reliability index was calculated using test-re-test, Alpha Crunbach
KR 20 formulae were used and a reliability index of 0.76 was obtained.
 Administration of the Instrument
The researcher and a research assistant administered the questionnaire to the subjects.
This was done under conducive and tension free atmosphere the researcher explained to the
subjects that the item had neither absolutely wrong nor right response. However, the
respondents were told how honest they were required to be and how confidential their
responses will be treated.
 Data Analysis
The data collected from this research through questionnaires were sorted into categories
as itemized in the questionnaire. The raw data obtained were analyzed using simple
statistical measure of percentage, converted to tables that answered the research questions,
while the null hypothesis was answered using Chi-Square. The data were discussed and interpreted.

9. Table 3.0: Influence of Stake Holders on Career Choice of Students
Responses__ Number of students _% of student responses_
Often 64 27
Very often 67 28
Rarely 43 19
Sometimes 50 21
Never 12 5
Total 236 100%
Influence of stake holders on the career choice of students and students response whether the
discussed with their parents about their career choices
Table 2.0: Students' Responses on Whether they Discuss Academic Issues with their Parents or Not
Stake holders Number of respondent Respondent %
Father 54 23
Mother 26 11
Relatives 24 10
Principals 20 8
Teachers 18 8
Career Master 12 5
Any other 35 15
None at all 47 20
ts

10. Table 4: Responses of Students to Whether They Were Counseled in their Schools on
Choice of Career
Ns Questions Yes Yes(%) No No(%)
1 Guidance counselor was present in college 160 67.8 76 32.2
2 Counseled about career choice 124 52.5 112 47.5
3 If guidance services was used 80 33.9 156 66.1
4 Had correct pre-requisite qualification for admission 171 72.5 65 27.5
5 If satisfied with present course 130 55.1 106 44.9
Responses of Students to Whether They Were Counseled in their Schools on Choice of Career and the percentages

11. Chi-square Analysis of Relationship between Student Perception and Career Guidance
Service
Variable N X Df Chi-cal P R
Guidance Counselor was available in
the college
33.90
Counselled about career choice 52.50
If guidance services was used 236 55.10 4 1.00 0.00 NS
Had correct pre-requisite qualification
for admission
67.78
If satisfied with present course 72.43
Table 5 results, shows that chi-square value calculated was 1.00 and p-value of 0.00
observed at degree of freedom of 4. Since the chi-square value is above p 0.05 this
indicate there is no significant relationship.

12. • The result in table 2, shows that 131 subjects out of the total sample of 236 subject which
indicates 55% of the sample used in the study often or very often discuss academic issues
with their parents, whether they are educated or not. Similarly, the researcher discovered that
only 93 subjects 45% of the total sample of 236 subjects responded usually or sometimes
discusses academic issues with their parents and only 12 subjects 5% out of the total sample
never discuss academic issues with their parents. The data collected as shown in table 3,
shows that 54 subjects 23% of the total sample indicated that, father has a greater influence on
the career choice of their ward. This could be due to either: The fathers are more educated
than the mothers or the Fathers as the head of the family or even both. This finding is in
consistent with that of Agbo (1996) and Osuafor &Okonkwo, (2013) who observed that,
Fathers have more influence than the Mothers in determining the children choice of careers
while Nwachukwu, (2005) opined that mother has more influences on children choice of
careers.
• On the contrary 47 subjects 20% of the total sample are not influenced by anybody. This
implies that the decisions were made by the individuals themselves largely due to lack of
understanding individual psychological factors that affect career choice or ignorant of what
career services are all about.
• Table 4, items 1 and 2 indicated that many schools had career guidance counselor; however,
career guidance service was underutilized probably due to the reason stated earlier that there
was no proper orientation on career guidance. Also based on the responses of students to item
2 in the same table 4 more than half of the respondents were counseled as to how to choose a
career in their secondary schools. Probably the counseling was done by their principals and
teachers as against the career master who has the least number (12) refer to table 3
Discussion

13. Conclusion
• Recommendation
• The Federal and State government should as a matter of urgency recruit
professional guidance counsellors where they are lacking in our Colleges of
Education, provide facilities and ensure appropriate funding for effective
discharge of duties.
 The personnel employed should be qualified, receptive, and a person who
command respect and confidence in human relation.
• Career workshop and seminars should be organized for the students by the
guidance counselors with the view to exposing them to career awareness,
• career exploration and career preparation for lifelong development.
• THANK YOU FOR LISTENNING
Based on the results of the study which was restricted to area under study, the
researcher concluded that; most students discussed academic issues with their fathers. Also
the students had no proper orientation on the relevance of career guidance in their future
career choices. Career guidance counselor had little or no influences on the students.
Under utilization of the career guidance services by the students due to ignorance of it
existence (where it exist) or lack of knowledge on it importance hence, majority of the
respondents were admitted into their various courses of study based on their abilities and
pre-requisite qualification they had for admission for the programmes.