Outcomes Visual Navigation Project

2. image: https://www.metalocus.es/en/news/endless-shelves-zhongsuhge-hangzhou-bookstore-xl-muse

3. ‘Digital turn’ Gradual decline of physical access to books §

4. However, digital “impoverished” compared to physical (Pomerantz & Marchionini, 2007) Loss of open exploration, serendipity, immersion, touch  (McKay et al, 2017; Björneborn, 2008; Blandford et al, 2006)

5. Konsepter: Increasing role of libraries as a social space (Pomerantz & Marchionini, 2007)

6. Konsepter: Increasing role of libraries as a social space (Pomerantz & Marchionini, 2007)

7. Visual Navigation Project “The collection in a new light” — Bridging the gap between the visual experience of   physical libraries & digital libraries

8. Mikaela Aamodt | Dan Michael Heggø | Hugo Huurdeman | Helge Mjelde | Live Rasmussen | Heidi Rustad | Kyrre Låberg | Nina Thodesen Visual Navigation Project University of Oslo Library bit.ly/VisualNavigationProject in collaboration with Department of Informatics by support of the National Library of Norway start: Sept. 2016. duration two years Three project streams…

9. Physical interaction (2) Visualization (1) Visual navigation prototypes Continuation (3) Extended Emnesøk interface Enhanced data &  infrastructure 1. Visual Navigation  Create new interfaces f/visual book browsing and navigation, using infrastructure vocabularies 2. Physical Interaction  Explore novel interaction with library materials, e.g. via touch screen, touch table, etc. 3. Continuation and Extension  Extend subject search infrastructure and interface, add vocabularies

10. Sep. Okt. Nov. Dec. Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May Jun. Prototyping ideas d3 Initial testing Refine & adapt to touch table Design   HF app Deploymt. HF app Infrastructure development User test UI-old S1: Visual  Navigation S2: Physical  Interaction S3: Continua-  tion & Extension Refine- ment UI & system Design Abel app Eval 1a Eval 1b Yaron Master project prototyping and testing d3 familiarizati on creating website Documentation   & outreach weekly project reports User test UI-new Refine- ment Y. Final proto VIRAK   workshop LibCarp   workshop Deploy  Abel app Proto- typing ideas User testing Adaptation (visual nav.) VIRAK submis- sions Present at Realf, HumS, Jur, Med, Ledermøte, WebGrp, DigS, MapProj,Alma/Oria, BibsysWG Prepping VIRAK contribs Test Vis.  Nav  Apps Prep. demos  VIRAK Eval Eval LibCarp workshop brainstorms INF2260 Bachelor project Query analysis Oria Library observations Inter- view s brain- storm s Eva- luate year 1 of project 1. Rethink 2. Visualize 3. Connect 5. Document & share 4. Evaluate

11. 1. Rethink picture: Colorbox physical library digital library transaction log analysis (3) observations (1), interviews (2) brainstorms (4)usage

12. Rethink 1. observations picture: UiO

13. Rethink 2. interviews picture: Yaron Okun

14. Rethink 3. query analysis

15. see: Huurdeman, Aamodt & Heggø (2018)

18. Rethink 4. brainstorms

19. picture: Yaron Okun

20. picture: Yaron Okun

21. Searching ExplorationGaming Navigation Personalization Relaxation Creation Collabo-  ration Simulations

22. Explorative studies   Lessons along the way… (1)  • Commonalities & differences (observ.)  • Encourage users to use library services (intvw.) • “On the fence” - Stimulate curiosity, “surprise” • Rethink "classical" library catalog interaction (query) • Utilizing usage logs & data for improvement • “Personalizing" approaches • Support study & leisure (brainst.) • “Collaborate, Create, Personalize, Explore, Simulate, Relax, Search, Navigate”

23. 2. Visualize

24. geo terms, e.g. Oslo, Finnmark, Göttingen,   Lillehammer etc. genres, e.g. Biograﬁer,   Ungdomslitteratur, Humor temporal terms, e.g. 1900-tallet, 1990-  tallet topics, e.g. Biologi,   Matematikk relations, e.g. broader, narrower,  exactMatch Variety of (visual) exploration options! Speciﬁc to   each vocabulary Visualize 1. opportunities

25. Visualize 2. data processing

26. Visualize 3. examples (D3) Force-directed diagrams  relations: DDC numbers (size: Amazon rating)

28. Word Clouds  words: book abstracts   colors: ratings

29. Interactive bar graphs  color: DDC, size: Amazon rating

30. Scatterplots  horizontal: DDC, vertical: Amazon rating   Lessons along the way… (2)  • Importance of data • Enrich existing catalog data (covers, abstracts) • Utilize subject vocabularies & mappings • Suitability data, visualization & screen size • some visualizations don’t ‘ﬁt’ the data • some visualizations don’t ‘ﬁt’ the screen • Usefulness of existing frameworks to speedup development • For instance, D3 • Large contrast with existing library catalogs & systems • Need for testing novel tools..

31. 3. Connect physical & digital physical library digital library usage physical library 1. collections 2. events 3. exhibitions

32. Connect 1. collections Star Wars & Dr. Who

33. Stream 2: Physical Interaction • Stream 1 & 3 build on top of existing work and infrastructure • Approach Stream 2: experiment with novel ways of interaction in physical space • with library’s book collections • experiments with a touch table (Science Library) • Includes an INF2260 project & INF Master project Yaron Okun Visualiza- tion (1) Picture: Marina Tofting Star Wars & Dr. Who

34. picture: Yaron Okun SciFi Explorer

35. Video: Yaron Okun SciFi Explorer

36. SciFi Recommendation Station

37. 3. Connect SciFi Recommendation Station

38. SciFi Recommendation Station (lite)

39. Picture: Simen Kjellin • F • D • In fo • S • O Connect 2. events Hidden Figures

40. Picture: Simen Kjellin Hidden Figures

41. Hidden Figures

42. Abel Prize 2017 & 2018

43. Abel Prize 2017 & 2018

44. Biokonferansen 2017

45. PhD Day 2018

46. Connect 3. exhibitions Bonnevie Exhibition 2018 see: http://www.muv.uio.no/publikumstjenester/arrangementer/apner-4.-mai:-professor-bonnevies-arkiv.html

47. Connect physical & digital physical library digital library usage physical library 1. collections 2. events 3. exhibitions 4. integrative }

48. Connect 4. integrative approaches CollectionXplorer   prototype data-driven approach  interactive visualizations using enriched catalog data

49. emnesøk  extending subject search tool

50.   Lessons along the way… (3)   • A new object in the library..! • “What is it?” “A touch table?” “Is it a freezer?” • …some encouragement needed • “Touch me!” icon • Opportunities for integrating apps into library space • Discussing 10 examples of touch apps • Collection-focused: Science Fiction • Event-focused: Abel Prize, Hidden Figures, .. • Exhibition-focused: Bonnevie • Integrative approaches

51. 4. Evaluate

52. 4. Evaluate

53. 4. Evaluate Picture: Simen Kjellin

54. how much time do people spend? when do people interact?

55. 4. Evaluate where do people touch?

56. where do people touch? (2)

59. where do people touch? (2)

61. The event-based applications shown in reading room and foyer were each used in 200-300 sessions during a temporary exhibition of approx. 4 weeks. How many people used the apps? Variety of numbers • depending on placement   (in foyer, reading room, sci-ﬁ collection, exhibition) • and placement duration  (usually 2-4 weeks, sometimes longer)

62. Note: ‘honey pot’ effect (Brignull & Rogers, 2003)   at times, multiple people use a touch app simultaneously How many people used the apps?

63. Can a touch app increase collection use? Before: 29 sci-ﬁ loans (3 in touch app) for a 3 week period: After: 81 sci-ﬁ loans (11 in touch app) +279% (+366%) ;-)

64.   Lessons along the way… (4)   • Developing a “toolbox” for analytics b/o usage data • microticks: gather data • python scripts: automatically summarize data • Monitoring and detecting issues • navigation: “clicks leading to nowhere”, swipes • Unused app content (depth vs breadth) • (Re)designs based on usage data • Substantial usage of touch apps • 1.000+ sessions (for 6 apps w/logs in different locations) • Increase* of use SciFi collection

65. 5. Document & share

66. 5. Document & share Workshop at VIRAK (12 June ’17) nominated for VIRAK  NYSKAPENDE prize

67. v 5. Document & share Visualization Workshop (14 June ’17)

68. 5. Document & share Touch App Workshop (20 Nov ’17)

69. 5. Document & share Focus on open-source tools, sharing of code and datasets

70. to be published Upcoming paper 5. Document & share download: noril.uib.no

71. @BookNavigation 5. Document & share bit.ly/VisualNavigationProject

72. • Project background • Explorative studies • Visualizing library (meta)data • Connecting digital & physical • Documenting & sharing 6. Conclusion

73. Lessons along the journey…

74. General outcomes • Applications • how can we categorize created  applications? • Guides & Tutorials • how to create apps, visualize  library-related data? • Reports & Papers • what can we learn theoretically &   practically? • Supportive Tools &   Datasets • which tools & datasets can assist?

75. The collection in a   new light.. • The project has shown that more visual approaches to navigation are feasible • That they bring considerable   numbers of users in contact with   digital & physical collections • Thus, these approaches can bring the collection in a new light

76. The Value of… 1. Exploration 2. Data 3. Collaboration 4. Documentation & reuse 5. User Experience 6. Content

77. 1. Value of exploration

78. 1. Importance of exploration • Traditional user studies • Observations, surveys, transaction log study • ‘Out of the box’ inspiration via open-ended studies • brainstorms, gigamapping, interviews

79. 2. Importance of data • Metadata: Use and enrichment • subject headings, classiﬁcation, external data • covers, abstracts, … • Usage statistics • Oria • Custom-made tools (e.g. touch apps)

80. 3. Importance of collaboration • Relatively small project team (FTEs), but • Collaboration subject specialists, event organisers, designers, .. “everything in-house” • “Library of our imagination” (motivation) • Collaboration w/ informatics (int. design) • Inspiration students • Support of student projects (see e.g. Culen & Gasparini, 2015)

81. Examples: Collaboration Book Motion (2013) Real Fiction (2017)

82. 4. Value of documentation & reuse • Community building • Updates via website, social media • Sharing code via Github (scriptotek) • Meetups & workshops for outreach and teaching • Pragmatic approach - ‘Not reinventing the wheel’ • Purchase modules (eg pdf-reader), if needed • Use of frameworks (e.g. XIMPEL.net)

83. 5. Value of UX • “Nothing is as self-evident as it seems” • E.g. user expectations, unclear navigation • Before release: user testing • After release: keep monitoring possible issues •

85. 5. Belang van UX • “Nothing is as self-evident as it seems” • E.g. user expectations, unclear navigation • Before release: user testing • After release: keep monitoring possible issues • Challenge: Optimizing for “ﬁrst interaction” • Goal of app, target audience • “Attract screen”, app structure

86. …optimizing… Higher depth of interaction in optimized apps

87. 6. Value of Content • Appropriately dynamic content • frequent shifting of applications • retain curiosity in applications & touch table • Appropriately relevant content • Relevant to interests, study, level, etc. • Opportunity: personalization

88. Personalization Touch Table BookLibrary card RFID Obj

89. The Value of… 1. Exploration 2. Data 3. Collaboration 4. Documentation & reuse 5. User Experience 6. Content Opportunity: library is the perfect place for all this!

90. “It is still possible to dream..”

91. “It is still possible to dream..”

92. ..big thanks! • University of Oslo Library: • Live Rasmussen, Helge Mjelde, Heidi Rustad • Nina Thodesen, Mikaela Aamodt @ Med Lib • Dan Michael Heggø, Kyrre Traavik Låberg @ Science Lib • all UB colleagues, also at Digital Services, HumSam & Law Libraries • University of Oslo • Interaction Design students, Alma Culén • All study participants • All other collaborating colleagues, and departments • National Library of Norway • XIMPEL.net • Winoe Bhikharie

94. Want to know more? • More project info at bit.ly/visualnavigationproject • (ub.uio.no/om/prosjekter/the-visualisation-project/)

95. References • Björneborn, L. (2008). Serendipity dimensions and users’ information behaviour in the physical library interface. Information Research. • Blandford, A., Rimmer, J., & Warwick, C. (2006). Experiences of the library in the digital age. Presented at the Third International Conference “Cultural Convergence and Digital Technology”. • Brignull, H., & Rogers, Y. (2003). Enticing People to Interact with Large Public Displays in Public Spaces (pp. 17–24). INTERACT’03, IOS Press. • Culén, A. L., & Gasparini, A. A. (2015). HCI and Design Thinking: Effects on Innovation in the Academic Library. In Computer Graphics, Visualization, Computer Vision and Image Processing (pp. 3–10). • Huurdeman, H. C., Aamodt, M., & Heggø, D. M. (2018). “More than Meets the Eye” - Analyzing the Success of User Queries in Oria. Nordic Journal of Information Literacy in Higher Education, 10(1), 18–36. • McKay, D., Chang, S., & Smith, W. (2017). Manoeuvres in the Dark: Design Implications of the Physical Mechanics of Library Shelf Browsing. In Proceedings of the 2017 Conference on Conference Human Information Interaction and Retrieval (pp. 47–56). New York, NY, USA: ACM. • Okun, Y. (2017). Design for nysgjerrighet: hvordan gjøre realfagstudenter nysgjerrige på science ﬁction? (Master’s Thesis). University of Oslo, Oslo. • Pomerantz, J., & Marchionini, G. (2007). The digital library as place. Journal of Documentation, 63(4), 505–533.

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