Presentation at TOD training program by ADB - covering TOD basics, 5 TOD principles, What is TOD, Sustainability, Delhi, Bangaluru, ADB, ADB training, National TOD Policy, Pedestrian, Walkability, NMT, Non motorized transport, Women Safety, Setbacks, Women friendly environment, women oriented urban design, urban design, urban planning, Street safety, natural surveillance, Connectivity, Network planning, Pedshed analysis, multimodal integration, Form Based Codes, DDA, IRSDC, MOHUA, Ministry of Housing and Urban Affairs, Railways, Delhi Development Authority, Karol Bagh, Ajmal Khan, Pedestrianization, Affordable Housing, Karkadooma, Recycling, Daylighting, Energy modeling

1. Week 2
Day 5 | 23rd September 2021 | Thursday

3. CURRENT CITY PATTERN:
• Population Density evenly distributed all over city.
• Large Travel distances & pollution due to segregated land use and vehicular dependency.
3
Rohtak Road Delhi Corridor

4. • High Density Mixed Use within 10-min walk of stations.
• Maximum people Live, Work & Play within 5-min walk of RAPID TRANSIT Stations
• Reduced vehicular travel, reduced pollution.
Impact of TOD Policy on City:
4
Rohtak Road Delhi TOD Corridor

5. 5
Concept of Transit Oriented Development (TOD) applies along 500m catchment from centre line of MRTS
corridors with the following major aspects:
1. Flexibility & Mix of uses – to reduce travel demand and pressure on road based travel.
2. Optimum FAR and density norms to facilitate people to live work and seek entrainment within walking
distance of stations.
3. Creation of finer road networks within neighbourhoods for safer walking/ cycling.
4. Mix of incomes within communities with sharing of public spaces & amenities.
5. Increase in public safety esp. for women and children – through changes in key Development Code aspects
such as setback norms, boundary walls, built-to-edge buildings, active frontages, eyes-on-the-street, etc.
6. Strict planning and regulation of on-street parking to reduce private vehicle use.
MPD 2021 Review Policy

6. 2.1:
Norms for Pedestrian, NMT & Women
Friendly Environment
6

7. ITO Delhi - Now
© UTTIPEC, Delhi Development Authority
Unsafe Streets due to Setbacks & Boundary Walls

8. ITO Delhi - Future
© UTTIPEC, Delhi Development Authority
Placemaking & Safety through “Eyes on the Street”
● No Boundary Walls ● Minimal Setbacks ● Required Entries from footpaths ● Lighting ● Shade
● No Boundary Walls ● Minimal Setbacks ● Required Entries from footpaths ● Lighting ● Shade
Detailed Presentation reg. Zero Setbacks and Active Frontages

9. Pedestrian (& Women) Friendly Environment
9
a

10. Pedestrian (& Women) Friendly Environment
10
a

11. More Safety & Vibrancy with : Built-to-Edge Buildings and
Flexibility in GC & Use premises
• Flexibility in Use, Building type & Building design
Longer Retail Perimeter available at Ground
11

12. Plot surrounded by Boundary wall
– separated from Footpath!
City Norms Proposed Railway Norms: Active frontage
Building at Plot line
– Active Frontage at Footpath
Unsafe Streets
Safer Active Streets
12
X √

13. Local Norms Proposed Railway Norms: 0 setback
Sub-plot Area = 11347 sq.m. (1.1 Ha)
Land area under Setbacks (unused) = 36%
Land Area under internal Roads = 18%
Land area left of Green = 6%
Footprint Area = 40% (max.)
Sub-plot Area = 11347 sq.m. (1.1 Ha)
Land area under internal Roads = 18%
Land area under Green = 21%
Footprint Area = 61% (flexible)
36% Land lost to Setbacks!
3-times More
Usable Green Space.
13
X √

14. Local norms applied at larger Plot level:
• Building Envelop Maximized; Use & Ground Coverage Flexible
More Flexibility to Developer with: Flexibility in Use premises
14

15. Railway Station Building Design Codes
Volumetric Parameters
1

16. Edge Conditions
2
Railway Station Building Design Codes

17. Projections Permitted Beyond Sub-plot Edge
3
Railway Station Building Design Codes

18. Way- Finding Features
4
Railway Station Building Design Codes

19. Public area Reservations within Sub-plot
5
Railway Station Building Design Codes

20. 2.2:
Norms for Connectivity
20

21. 15 min Walk
Bus/ MRTS
Stop
Current Norms encourage Large block sizes:
increase walking distances, thus encouraging vehicle use.
Example: A project in Noida. Image Source: Internet
Connectivity & Street Network Density
b

22. 2-minute walk
Finer Street Network would increase Connectivity
& Provide short-cuts by foot or cycle.
Modified Image Courtesy UTTIPEC DDA
Connectivity & Street Network Density
b

27. TOD Walking Zone – 800 m - Actual Pedshed
TOD NMT Zone – 2000 m - Actual Pedshed
Actual pedshed
is smaller than
800M buffer of
Metro stations
Area within
2000M
catchment is
disconnected
300 M
Pedshed
800 M
Pedshed
2000 M Pedshed
800 M Catchment
2000 M Catchment
27

28. Area within
500mm buffer
not accessible
due to wrong
location of
entrances and
absence of street
connections
Walkable due to a
dense network of
pedestrian streets
and diagonal
connections
Falls out of pedshed
due to absence of
crossings across the
road
Diagonal
connections
enhance
connectivity
Walkability of Previous Layout Plan

29. Missing
crossings
across the road
limits
walkability
Disconnected/
isolated development
limits walkability
Incorrect location of
entrances curbs
walkability
Walkability of Previous Layout Plan

30. Walkability of PROPOSED Layout Plan
30

31. 2.3:
Norms for Multi-Modal Interchange
31

32. Location & Priority of private Parking defines TOD
TOD:
• Walkability and Mixed
Use
eg: Dadar Station,
Mumbai
TAD:
• Auto-oriented;
• Fractures Access to Station
e.g. Janakpuri West Station,
Delhi
Transit Oriented Development
Transit “Adjacent” Development in not TOD
c

33. 33
Pedestrian is highest
priority
Station Area Planning to follow following Standards

34. Make transferring between modes easy, comfortable.
Source: Storm Water Guidelines, OASIS Design INC.
IPT Parking
Shuttle Service Pedestrian-Walkway
Private Car
Pick Up/Drop off Bus Stop

35. Multi-modal Interchange
Example: Chhatarpur Station
Current
Proposed
35
d

36. Details of Project on Oasis Designs Website

38. Detailed Presentation reg. Karol Bagh Pedestrianization Project

40. 2.4:
Norms for Inducing Modal Shift
40

41. Majority Road Space given to private vehicles
41
e

42. © UTTIPEC
42
Equitable Distribution of Road Space
FOOTPATH CYCLE-TRACK PARKING
e

43. Mixed-Use provides : Safety, Vibrancy, Reduced Travel Demand
© UTTIPEC, Delhi Development Authority
© UTTIPEC, Delhi Development Authority
e

44. Norms for Mixed-Use
TOD Mixed Use Zone
30%
Small Residential Units
20%
Commercial/ Civic
Any Use
• Market-friendly TOD Policy – sets minimum benchmarks, and allows the market to decide what
should be built in TOD zone.
• So a developer of a particular site can decide whether to build apartments, shops or offices, as long as
the developer adheres to these minimum development norms:
• At least 30% residential and 10% Commercial/ Institutional use of FAR is mandatory in every project
within TOD Zone
e

46. 2.6:
Norms for
High Density Mixed-Income Development
46

47. CURRENT: Segregated Land uses CAUSE High Traffic Generation
47
Dwarka, Delhi
High Density Segregated Use Development
f

48. Mixed Use in TOD with High internal Trip Capture
48
© UTTIPEC, Delhi Development Authority
Different types of Commercial, Civic, Residential Uses within same block
High Density Mixed-Use Development
f

49. Mixed-Income Groups – Various Housing Options for Middle Class
49
© UTTIPEC, Delhi Development Authority
High Density Mixed-Income Development
f

50. Rs. 30,000- 60,000/
(~3.60- 7.20 Lakh p.a.)
Above Rs. 60,000/-
(~above 7.20 Lakh p.a.)
EXISTING HOUSING
MARKET
INTERESTED IN
STARTER HOME
OWNERSHIP / 2 room Apts
NEED FOR NIGHT
SHELTERS
microHomeSolutions
Average Monthly
Income
Possible
Target Product
Rs. 5,000-30,000/
(~60,000- 3,60,000 p.a.)
Rs. 5,000/-
(~60,000 p.a.)
3. Housing budget is based on most common lending scenario for micro-mortgage: – 12% API on 15-year loan – and assumes a family spends 30% of income on housing.
1. Source: Consumer Pyramids, Centre for Monitoring Indian Economy P Ltd.
2. Monthly budget for Housing is equal to 30% of income, the global standard for affordability of housing. (Developing Affordable Housing, by Ben Hecht.
22%
55%
4.5%
18%
LOOKING FOR
RENTAL / 1 room Apts
75% of our Cities is Middle Class
– needing a large supply of smaller size homes.

51. 30%
15%
15%
Within the 30% minimum Housing requirement, the following mix is mandatory:
~25-40 sq.m. units
~65 sq.m. units
Norms for High Density Mixed-Income Development

52. THE GREENWAY CONCEPT
Karkadooma TOD Pilot Project

53. Physical Infrastructure
for TOD
53

54. According to the MPD 2021, pg. 148:
• About 40 percent of the treated water supplied by the DJB daily is never used.
The avoidable wastage has continued for years even as the city's demand for drinking water is rising by 20MGD per year.
• The level of groundwater is decreasing at a rate of 0.5 m per annum..
• Out of the total 135 lpcd ,~100 lpcd can be recycled at the house hold level :
Black Water (to central STP)
Grey Water [to be Recycled]
Present Scenario & Statistics
54

55. MCD
MCD
SELF RECYCLED SELF RECYCLED
Potable Water and Waste Water
• For projects of 5000 resident population or more, on-site decentralized infrastructure systems i.e. local sewage treatment and
recycling systems are mandatory, in order to meet the non-potable per capita demand (90 lpcd for domestic and 115 lpcd for non-
domestic).
• Potable per-capita requirement (135 lpcd for domestic and 20 lpcd for non-domestic) should be available from the Municipality or
any other source other than ground water.
Physical Infrastructure and Resource Standards

56. 4 Zero Discharge including working landscapes
56

57. Sculpture parks in working landscapes
4

59. Xinyi and Songshan MRT lines in Taipei,
have incorporated common utility ducts.
*
Source: Dept. of Rapid Transit Systems, Taipei
Common Utility Ducts can be integrated
with future MRTS (Metro/BRT/ NMT)
projects.
- This will help optimize construction costs
and time for provision of future utilities.
- It will allow for planned future
redevelopment, densification or new
development along MRTS corridors.

60. No “row-type” building (floor plate longer than 30 M) will be permitted to go higher than 15 metres.
To utilize FAR, only towers with be permitted, in conjunction with 15m high “row-type” buildings.
Physical Infrastructure and Resource Standards
Energy:
At Building level, the following Solar Access Regulations need to be followed:

61. Buildings (and preferably also streets) should be oriented such that all habitable areas of Residential buildings are
oriented to face North-South (within 15°) direction.
Energy: At Site level:
Physical Infrastructure and Resource Standards

62. All dwelling units should get minimum 2-hour solar access in at least one habitable area (living room, bedroom
or private open space) on the shortest winter day of Dec 21 (Winter Solstice).
At Building level, the following Solar Access Regulations need to be followed:
Microclimate of public streets:
Narrow streets provide shading and air movement – and therefore greater comfort for
pedestrians. Spacing between buildings should be enough to allow daylight access to all
homes.
Physical Infrastructure and Resource Standards
Energy: At Site level:

63. Views showing the number of hours of daily direct solar insolation on all façades of the proposed
buildings on December 21. The north oriented corners are devoid of direct sunlight.
Solar Access modeling
View from South View from East
View from North View from West
63

64. Resi. Towers Rotated to facilitate all homes receiving min. 2-hour sunlight

65. Conclusion

66. Minimum scheme are for planning = 1 ha.
Minimum plot area within scheme that may be developed = 3000 sq.m.
Scheme must face R/W of minimum 18m width.
Typical Existing Development

67. Minimum Scheme Area = 1 Ha.
Min. redevelopment plot size = 2000 sq.m.
Height = no limit (as per structural stability)
Ground Coverage = 40%
FAR on scheme = 400 (~800 on net plot)
What City/ people get:
FAR will be given on scheme basis so that roads, open space, services etc. can be provided within the schemes.
20 % additional public Open Space
10% additional finer road networks
30% additional compulsory small-unit residential
Local recycling of water
Shared parking facilities instead of street parking.

68. Thank you