1.
WORLD WAR 1
Major fight between 1914 and 1918
Presented By:
Suchi Bansal

2.
THE WAR TO END ALL WARS
How and Why World War1?
Although there were a number of reasons
but the assassination of Austrian Archduke
Franz Ferdinand was the main reason for the
war to start.
• He was assassinated on June 28, 1914.
• In 1908, Austria-Hungary force fully made
the territory in Bosnia-Herzegovina part of its
Empire, and so the people of Bosnia were
really angry with them.
So Archduke Ferdinand was assassinated in
Bosnia by a Bosnian Serb.

3.
The Central Powers
 Germany
 Austria
 Hungary
 Bulgaria
 Turkey
The Allied Powers
 The British Empire
 France
 Belgium
 Russia and Later
 USA
 And few small
countries including
Japan, Italy
Belgium, Romania,
Serbia.
Main countries
that fought WW1

4.
EUROPE DURING WW1

5.
June 28, 1914 Serbian Gavrilo Princip assassinates Archduke Ferdinand
July 28, 1914 Austria-Hungary declared war on Serbia
July 31, 1914
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Russia declares war, being Serbia’s Ally
Aug 1-4, 1914 Germany declares war on Russia, Belgium and France.
Aug 4, 1914
Britain declares wars against Germany. Canada, Australia
and New Zealand too became the part of the War.
April 6, 1917 US enters the war.
Mar 3, 1918 Russia signs Armistice with Germany.
Oct 30, 1918 Ottoman Empire withdraws from the war.
Nov 11, 1918 Germany and allies sign Armistice. War Ends.

6.
FRANCE - Germany declared war on France on August 3,
1914. France had been preparing for war after Germany
and Russia went to war. The majority of the fighting
along the Western Front took place inside of France.
BRITAIN - Britain entered the war when Germany
invaded Belgium. They declared war on Germany on
August 4, 1914.
RUSSIA - The Russian Empire was an early entry into the
war. Germany declared war on Russia on July 31, 1914..
The Russian Empire also included Poland and Finland.
After the Russian Revolution, Russia left the Allied
Powers and signed a peace treaty with Germany on
March 3, 1918.
UNITED STATES - United States tried to remain neutral
during the war. It entered the war on April 6, 1917
when it declared war on Germany. Around 4,355,000
American troops were mobilized during the war with
around 116,000 losing their lives.
GERMANY - Germany had the largest army and
was the primary leader of the Central Powers. They
planned for the quick takeover of France and
Western Europe.
AUSTRIA-HUNGARY - Austria-Hungary blamed the
assassination of Archduke on Serbia and
subsequently invaded Serbia setting off a chain of
events that resulted in the war.
OTTOMAN EMPIRE - The Ottoman Empire had
strong economic ties to Germany and signed a
military alliance with Germany in 1914. The
entrance into the war led to the eventual downfall
of the Ottoman Empire and the formation of the
country of Turkey in 1923.
BULGARIA - Bulgaria was the last major country to
join the war on the side of the Central Powers in
1915.
WHEN DID THE POWERS ENTER?

7.
• Soldiers in the trenches would spend their days doing
chores, firing at the enemy, playing cards and writing
letters home.
• By the winter of 1915, the opposing sides had both
dug long ditches called trenches which faced each
other, in some places just 30m apart
• These lines of narrow trenches stretched from the
Belgian coast to Switzerland, and were known as
the Western Front
• Day-to-day life there was smell and grim.
• There were millions of giant rats, overflowing loos
and terrible lice infestations.
• Shell Shock and Trench foot were the most common
diseases.
TRENCH WARFARE

8.
•British families gave their pet dogs to the army
so they could carry messages in special tubes on
their collars.
•Dogs were fast, difficult to shoot at, and they
also caught rats!
•Pet pigeons were drafted in to carry messages
over long distances, often carrying news from
the Front Line back to Britain.
•Germans trained hawks to kill any carrier
pigeons they saw.
•Goldfish did their bit too — after gas attacks,
the gas masks were washed and rinsed. If the
rinsing water killed a goldfish that was placed in
it, it meant the masks still had poison on them!
ANIMALS USED

9.
ABOUT THE CENTRAL POWERS
The Central Powers were also known as the
Quadruple Alliance.
The name "Central Powers" comes from the
location of the main countries in the alliance. They
were centrally located in Europe between Russia to
the east and France and Britain to the west.
The Central Powers mobilized around 25 million
soldiers. Around 3.1 million were killed in action and
another 8.4 million were wounded.
Each member of the Central Powers signed a
different treaty with the Allies at the end of the war.
The last, and most famous, treaty was the Treaty of
Versailles signed by Germany.
ABOUT THE ALLIED POWERS
Belgium declared itself as neutral at the start of
the war, but joined the Allies after they were
invaded by Germany.
It is estimated that around 42 million military
personnel were mobilized by the Allies during the
war. Around 5,541,000 were killed in action and
another 12,925,000 were wounded.
The two Allied countries with the most soldiers
killed were Russia with 1,800,000 and France with
around 1,400,000.
The United States was never an official member
of the Allies, but called itself an "Associated
Power."
INTERESTING FACTS

10.
During Christmas 1914,
some German and British
soldiers agreed to stop the
fight for a day or two.
They sang, chatted and even
played football together.
CHRISTMAS TRUCE

11.
Glimpse of activities on WW1 at
FUN WITH SCIENCE

12.
WORD SEARCH
ACTIVITY

13.
A LETTER HOME
Imagine you are a Soldier
fighting in the trench in
WW 1. Write a letter home
to your family.

14.
THANK YOU