This presentation was shared at the recent Release workshop in London, June 2014. It scopes out the potential areas for inclusion in the Small Cell Forum's fifth release: Rural & Remote.

1. Small Cell Forum
Release Planning Workshop 13th June
Release 5: Rural and Remote
Applications
Julius Robson,
Richard Deasington
June 2014
www.smallcellforum.org

2. SCF London Workshop Agenda
South Gallery Meeting Rooms – level 2 South Event Halls, ExCel London
© Small Cell Forum Ltd 2014
Time Topic Lead
09:30-09:45 Welcome/Set the stage Sue Monahan/Lisa Garza
09:45-10:00
What carriers say about Release
Program
Caroline Gabriel
10:00-10:30
Release 3/4 achievements and
implications
Lisa Garza/Julius Robson/Nick
Johnson/Mark Grayson
10:30-10:45 Break
10:45-11:15 Release Five overview Julius Robson/Richard Deasington
11:15-12:30 Small cells & virtualization discussion
Intro: Caroline Gabriel
Gordon Mansfield/Mark Grayson
12:30-12:45 Closing remarks Gordon Mansfield
12:45-13:30 Lunch

3. 1) Definition and scope of Rural and Remote
• Examples of Rural and Remote Applications
• Market Drivers
• Enabling technologies
2) Issues to address with the release
3) What’s next and how to get involved
Release Five Rural and Remote
Agenda
18/06/2014 © Small Cell Forum Ltd 2013

4. 1 Scoping out the
Rural and Remote
Theme
Small Cell Forum INTERNAL

5. 18/06/2014

6. Mapping of
Small Cell
Applications
to Market
Segments
Small Cell Forum INTERNAL
Small Cell Application Home Enterprise Urban
Rural and
Remote
Residential coverage and capacity Y Y
Small Business/SOHO Y Y
Medium Enterprise/Mid-sized Office Building Y
Large Enterprise/Corporate Campus Y
Multi Dwelling Unit Y
Retail Shop Y
Shopping Mall Y
Medical Facility/Hospital Y
Govt/Municipal Building Y
Hotel Y
Underground Facility Y
Convention Center Y
Airport Y
Stadium Y
Transportation Hub Y
Metro/Subway Y
City Center Y
Public Space (plaza, park, etc) Y
Remote town/village Y
Maritime/Ship Y
Aviation/Plane Y
Rail/Train Y
Military Y
First Responder Y
Humanitarian Y
Disaster Recovery Y
Remote Industrial (mines, oil rigs) Y
Rural & Remote

7. • Market drivers:
• Coverage of voice and data to isolated locations
• Cost effective solutions may need to operate with increased autonomy,
potentially off net/off grid
• Applications Categories
• Remote communities: Rural, industrial oil rig, mines
• Long range from transport connectivity: Satellite, TVWS, xDSL, Cable, PTP
microwave
• Moving: Transport: Maritime, Aviation, Automotive, Rail
• Backhaul will need mobility, Satellite where sky unobstructed. NLoS and
microwave solutions also applicable
• Temporary: Disaster recovery, events, humanitarian, field/military
• ‘Portable’ backhaul solutions desirable
• Private/Standalone: secure
• Off net
Market drivers and application categories
18/06/2014 © Small Cell Forum Ltd 2013

8. • Home:
• “Femtocells intended for home or small office
applications. These applications are typically indoors and
involve locations where a single femtocell is usually
sufficient. Both 3GPP and 3GPP2 femtocells are in
scope.” [http://scf.io/document/101]
• Enterprise
• Premises-Based Small Cells including Enterprise
• Generally indoor, premises-based deployment beyond
home
• Coverage driven
• +Enterprise specific services and analytics
• Urban
• Capacity for Dense Environments
• Indoor/outdoor urban deployment
• Capacity driven
• +het net macro layer interaction
• Rural and Remote
• Coverage for isolated locations and remote communities
• Indoor & outdoor deployment
Small Cell Forum INTERNAL
Small Cell Market Segment Definitions
Based on definitions from MKT WG, Seoul plenary
Amended in Singapore April 2014
Single small cell
Multi-cell coverage
with handover
Multi-cell capacity
enhancement to macro
with het-net co-ordination
Similar to enterprise, but
Autonomy
Small Core
RAN complexity

9. • Autonomy
• Self deployable
• Off grid
• Low power
• Off net (nearly)
• Local call routing
• Local breakout
• Small Core
• Features
• Multi-operator solutions or workarounds
• Remote Operation and Management
• Backhaul
• Wide area coverage / long range
• Backhaul mobility for moving small cells
Enabling Technologies
18/06/2014 © Small Cell Forum Ltd 2013
Remote town/village
Maritime/Ship
Aviation/Plane
Rail/Train
Military
First Responder
Humanitarian
Disaster Recovery
Remote Industrial
(mines, oil rigs)
Applications

10. 2 Issues and Barriers to Address
Across different disciplines
Small Cell Forum INTERNAL

11. Release 4: Urban
Urban Small Cells
Release Overview
[103]
Backhaul
Regulatory Radio
Deployment
Services
Network
Architecture
Inter-
operability
Market
SON Use cases [077]
Market status [050]
NET Architectures
for Urban [088]
Integrated Small cell
Wi-Fi [089]
Synchronisation [075]
Backhaul Issues for Urban
Small Cells [095]
Backhaul Requirements &
Solutions [049]
Urban Deployment
Issues [096]
Urban Market Drivers &
Challenges [086]
Business case for
urban small cells and
their backhaul [087]
Small Cells - The Big
Idea [030]
Regulatory Aspects
of small cells [076]
Urban case studies [098]
X2 Interoperability in
Multivendor HetNets [059]
Small Cell
Security [099]
Services for Urban
Small Cells [090]
Services API Programmer’s
Guide [091]
Location Based API
requirements [092]
Content Management
Services [093]
LTE Small Cell-API [082]
Small Cell
Plugfests [085]

12. Release 5: Rural and Applications
We now want to identify the issues and barriers to address with Release Five…
Overview
Backhaul
Regulatory Radio
Deployment
Services
Network
Architecture
Inter-
operability
Market

13. • Clarify Drivers:
• Extending coverage to remaining few % population
• Subscriber grab in remote areas
• Cost effective way to meet coverage obligations
• Market Sizing
• Is there a market – getting market estimates for rural is very
hard, most are pure top down – little bottom up research with
operators about their needs. Chicken and egg preventing market
development as there is no clear market sizing
• Business modeling
• Demonstrate positive business case
• Under what conditions are small cells more cost effective than
macro
• Case Studies
• Examples of diverse applications of small cell technologies
Market
18/06/2014 © Small Cell Forum Ltd 2013

14. • RF planning for Ships, oil rigs, mines
• Coverage requirements, spot vs ubiquitous
• Range and power
• Link budget and range limited by power consumption and/or box
size?
• Frequency bands support
• Power consumption
Radio
18/06/2014 © Small Cell Forum Ltd 2013

15. • Site/ran share Multi-operator RAN solutions – shared radio operating in
multiple spectrum segments or modular radios. Also impacts backhaul –
shared or segmented capacity by QoS system.
• Local clustering allowing multiple small cells to be deployed with a single
backhaul link
• Local switching of voice traffic within a small cell or cluster of small cells, even
when backhaul is off (subject to LI requirements)
• Need for local break-in and break out of voice traffic – for example connection
to a ship or aircraft PABX system or rural fixed line telephony system
• Ability to access local data content e.g. access to local content server on a
ship or aircraft (or even in a village)
• Local caching of data content (this could be a backhaul optimization function)
• Transport protocols Need to improve efficiency of backhaul links given the
high costs. Current protocols are too chatty and fat for efficient backhaul using
non-traditional technologies e.g. WiFi/WiMax Mesh, Satellite.
• IPsec and overheads. Need to accelerate / spoof user TCP/IP traffic to
overcome the ‘slow start’ issue on higher latency links
• Autonomy: Complete ‘network in a box’ solution for voice and data for
emergency / military services for drop-in deployments, with interconnect to
other telecoms e.g. TETRA, APCO etc.
Architecture
18/06/2014 © Small Cell Forum Ltd 2013

16. • Backhaul for different applications
• Remote – long range
• Moving – mobility
• Temporary – wide area coverage
• Standalone– none, or private
• Impact backhaul performance on Service: higher latency &
lower bandwidth – what are the limits for a given service
• Solutions
• Satellite
• TVWS
• Copper
Backhaul
18/06/2014 © Small Cell Forum Ltd 2013

17. • Power: Off-grid is not uncommon, several implications – may need to
operate off 12/24v DC, will need battery backup for several days in
case no sun/wind, needs Ethernet or possibly RS232 port for charger
management (or switch off SC when battery low or at night), optimal
solutions use minimal power (e.g. in recent LatAm deployment power
consumption 2nd most important selection criteria – applies to
backhaul equipment as well as the small cell itself).
• Packaging
• Physical aspects of suitable equipment for external deployment in rural – largely
similar to metro cells
• Availability of circuit board-level small cell products to meet demands of specialist
environments such as Aero, Trains, Maritime, Military that need integration by
industry specialists
• Integration of independent processor capable of hosting the local switching / data
caching / data optimization s/w etc.
• Planning for coverage small cells in rural areas including constraints
of BH, power etc.
• Self Deployment by non-operator folk at rural sites, e.g. municipalities
organizing their own networks
Deployment
18/06/2014 © Small Cell Forum Ltd 2013

18. • Remote
• Coverage obligations & funding for outlying coverage
• USO universal service obligation $Billions unspent according
to the ITU – work with marketing to identify how to tap this
resource
• Spectrum availability for remote service providers
• Moving
• Usage of spectrum outside of national boundaries
• Maritime and aero regulation
• Temporary
• Private
• Implications on local switching, caching etc. on LI
Regulatory
18/06/2014 © Small Cell Forum Ltd 2013

19. • Control of caching – for example the ability to predictively cache
content that is regularly demanded or is required by operator or
authorities e.g. health information
• Maritime & Aero need geofencing solutions that can automatically
enable / disable radios when within (legal) range of land networks
or below 10,000 feet <see also REG>
• Cabin crew needs manual switching web interfaces for mobile
solutions to control passenger access to small cell voice, data,
SMS
Services
18/06/2014 © Small Cell Forum Ltd 2013

20. • Small cell technologies developed for core applications of
residential, enterprise and urban scenarios are applicable to
provide voice and data coverage in places where it would not
otherwise be financially viable or possible
• Rural and other isolated subscriber groups may be cost
effectively served using self deployable small cells and local
autonomous networks
• We aim to identify a range of applications and vertical markets
and articulate the benefits, the challenges and the technologies
and solutions available to address them
Summary and Next Steps
18/06/2014 © Small Cell Forum Ltd 2013