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Industrial cyber security_tgs_barcelona_jun_2015_v1.pptx

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Industrial cyber security_tgs_barcelona_jun_2015_v1.pptx

  1. 1. Ciberseguridad Industrial para infraestructuras críticas (o no) Jun 2015 Enrique Martín García Cyber Security Director
  2. 2. AGENDA • Ciberseguridad • Ciberseguridad Industrial • Estado del arte en España 2015 • Protección de Infraestructuras Críticas • Un caso real: Ataque a un Data Center Crítico • Próximos pasos: Hoja de ruta
  3. 3. Ciberseguridad
  4. 4. 4 Property of Telvent Global Services Ciberseguridad Digital Security DIGITAL SECURITY CYBERSECURITY INFORMATION SECURITY IT SECURITY OT SECURITY PHYSICAL SECURITY IoT SECURITY Gartner - Junio 2015 “Cybersecurity is the governance, development, management and use of information security, OT security, and IT security tools and techniques for achieving regulatory compliance, defending assets and compromising the assets of adversaries.”
  5. 5. 5 Property of Telvent Global Services Comprendiendo la Ciberseguridad Conceptos básicos ➢ Seguridad como inexistencia de riesgo ➢ El riesgo está asociado a la probabilidad de que nuestros activos sufran daños (Impacto) ➢Riesgo = Probabilidad * Impacto ➢ Es dificil modificar el impacto, luego debemos enfocarnos en disminuir la probabilidad ➢ ¿Qué afecta a la probabilidad?
  6. 6. 6 Property of Telvent Global Services ➢ ¿Qué afecta a la probabilidad? ➢ Motivaciones *source: Hackmageddon Comprendiendo la Ciberseguridad Conceptos básicos
  7. 7. 7 Property of Telvent Global Services Comprendiendo la Ciberseguridad Conceptos básicos ➢Dragonfly campaign
  8. 8. 8 Property of Telvent Global Services Comprendiendo la ciberseguridad Conceptos básicos ➢Evolución de la producción
  9. 9. 9 Property of Telvent Global Services Comprendiendo la ciberseguridad Conceptos básicos ➢Evolución de los precios
  10. 10. 10 Property of Telvent Global Services Comprendiendo la ciberseguridad Conceptos básicos *source: www.shodanhq.com ➢ ¿Qué afecta a la probabilidad? ➢ Visibilidad
  11. 11. 11 Property of Telvent Global Services ➢¿Qué afecta a la probabilidad? ➢ Facilidad (Explotabilidad & Repetibilidad) *source: revuln.com Comprendiendo la ciberseguridad Conceptos básicos
  12. 12. 12 Property of Telvent Global Services Comprendiendo la ciberseguridad Conceptos básicos ➢¿Qué afecta a la probabilidad? ➢ Preparación (Personal, Procedimientos & Tecnología) •Procedural Guidance •Design and Changes •System Acquisition •Roles and Functions •Skills and Competence •System Population •Network Architecture •Component Interaction
  13. 13. 13 Property of Telvent Global Services Comprendiendo la ciberseguridad Seguridad vs Riesgo ➢ Seguridad significa disminuir el riesgo hasta donde podamos/queramos ➢ El riesgo siempre existe por lo que no hay “seguridad total” ➢En cualquier caso, debemos reducir el riesgo para intentar mejorar nuestra Ciberseguridad
  14. 14. 14 Property of Telvent Global Services Comprendiendo la ciberseguridad Mejorando la ciberseguridad - I ➢Minimizar riesgos significa: 1. Minimizar la visibilidad, la explotabilidad y la repetibilidad (Superficie de ataque) 2. Mejorar la preparación de la organización: ➢ Formar a los usuarios ➢ Generar procedimientos y normas ➢ Desplegar la tecnología apropiada al entorno 3. Gestionar el riesgo de manera contínua
  15. 15. 15 Property of Telvent Global Services Comprendiendo la ciberseguridad Mejorando la ciberseguridad - II ➢Reducción de la superficie de ataque ➢ Aumenta con la accesibilidad a los procesos y datos ➢ Aumenta con la accesibilidad a los protocolos de comunicación ➢ Disminuye con la adopción de controles de acceso
  16. 16. 16 Property of Telvent Global Services Comprendiendo la ciberseguridad Mejorando la ciberseguridad - V ➢ Mejora de la preparación ➢ Formación en concienciación a todo el personal ➢ Desarrollo de política y procedimientos básicos de seguridad ➢ Desplegando tecnologías apropiadas en todos los niveles
  17. 17. 17 Property of Telvent Global Services Comprendiendo la ciberseguridad Mejorando la ciberseguridad - VI ➢ Gestión continua del riesgo ➢ Revisiones periódicas de seguridad ➢ Monitorización integrada de eventos de seguridad
  18. 18. Ciberseguridad Industrial 2015
  19. 19. 19 Property of Telvent Global Services Ciberseguridad Indistrial Sistemas Ciberfísicos Sistema de Control Industrial
  20. 20. 20 Property of Telvent Global Services Ciberseguridad Industrial El origen de todo June 2010: discovery of Stuxnet,1st worm developed to target automation system (Siemens PCS7 and WinCC). 1/3 of the centrifuges were destroyed. The Iranian nuclear program delayed by >2 years. Source:http://www.spectrum.ieee.org How Stuxnet worked
  21. 21. 21 Property of Telvent Global Services Red IT Red OT Ciberseguridad industrial Características únicas
  22. 22. 22 Property of Telvent Global Services Ciberseguridad industrial Vectores de ataque Misconfigured firewall & intrusion Operator browsing not recommended websites Compromised USB flash drive Malice from internal personnel Virus - Data compromised Internet Random Modbus Requests Compromised programing laptop - Modification of PLC program Direct access to maintenance Internet Phishing - Data compromised Laptop Malware spreading
  23. 23. 23 Property of Telvent Global Services Data Center ➢ Edificio - BMS ➢ Centro de producción industrial - SCADA ➢ Banco de información – PCI-DSS, ISO 27001 ➢ Nodo de comunicaciones – Criticidad
  24. 24. 24 Property of Telvent Global Services Redes y sistemas de Control Industrial ➢ Protocolos frecuentes en BMS: ➢ BACNet ➢ LonWorks ➢ Modbus ➢ RS-485 + IEC 101 + Device Net+ Hart + Fieldbus + Profibus ➢Sistemas de Control en BMS: ➢ DCS ➢ SCADA + RTU + PLC
  25. 25. 25 Property of Telvent Global Services Sistemas de control - DCS
  26. 26. 26 Property of Telvent Global Services Sistemas de control - SCADA NIST SP-800-82 Rev.2 Tendencias en la arquitectura: SCADA + RTU + PLC + Modbus/TCP + OPC
  27. 27. 27 Property of Telvent Global Services Redes IT vs Redes OT Redes OT Redes IT Número de dispositivos IP Bajo Alto Servicios en ejecución Bajo Alto Protocolos utilizados Bajo Alto Exposición internet Baja Alta Número de amenazas Media Alta Prioridad de la disponibilidadAlta Baja Prioridad de la confidencialidad Baja Alta Prioridad de la integridad Alta Media ➢ Redes OT ➢ Menores en número de dispositivos y servicios. ➢ No debieran conectarse directamente a Internet. ➢ Bien definidas y diseñadas ➢ Ejecutan operaciones repetitivas.
  28. 28. 28 Property of Telvent Global Services Redes IT vs Redes OT ➢ Generación del patrón de comportamiento ➢ DPBI: Inspección Profunda de Comportamiento de Protocolo ➢ Detección más simple y efectiva ➢ Eventos internos y legítimos, 0 Days, Violaciones operacionales, ataques tipo “Aurora”
  29. 29. 29 Property of Telvent Global Services Matriz de impacto en sistemas de control industrial Source: ICS-CERT
  30. 30. 30 Property of Telvent Global Services Arquitectura de seguridad Necesidades de integración - Protocolos ➢ Syslog ➢ Windows events ➢ SNMP ➢ OPC-DA ➢ Modbus/TCP ➢ MMS ➢ IEC 101/104 ➢ ICCP Tase 2 ➢ IEEE C37.118 (Synchrophasor) ➢ CSLib (ABB) ➢ DMS(ABB) ➢ Ethernet/IP ➢ IEC 61850 (MMS & Goose) ➢ VNC/SMB/RDP/AFP etc.
  31. 31. 31 Property of Telvent Global Services Arquitectura de seguridad Necesidades de integración – OSs
  32. 32. Estado del arte en España 2015
  33. 33. 33 Property of Telvent Global Services Ciberseguridad Industrial 2015 Organización - Personas
  34. 34. 34 Property of Telvent Global Services Ciberseguridad Industrial 2015 Organización - Procedimientos
  35. 35. 35 Property of Telvent Global Services Ciberseguridad Industrial 2015 Organización – Tecnología I
  36. 36. 36 Property of Telvent Global Services Ciberseguridad Industrial 2015 Organización – Tecnología II
  37. 37. 37 Property of Telvent Global Services Ciberseguridad Industrial 2015 Organización – Tecnología III
  38. 38. Protección de infraestructuras críticas
  39. 39. 39 Property of Telvent Global Services Ciberamenazas a Infraestructuras críticas (I) ➢ Sistemas de Control Industrial conectados a Internet (Junio 2015) http://ics-radar.shodan.io
  40. 40. 40 Property of Telvent Global Services Ciberamenazas a Infraestructuras críticas (II) ¿Lo sabías?
  41. 41. 41 Property of Telvent Global Services Ciberamenazas a Infraestructuras críticas (III) El Internet de “las cosas” (30 de Junio 2014) ……….. ¿Qué cosas?
  42. 42. 42 Property of Telvent Global Services Ciberamenazas a Infraestructuras críticas (IV) ➢El Internet de “las cosas” (30 de Septiembre 2014) Schneider Electric Web 2.X
  43. 43. 43 Property of Telvent Global Services Ciberamenazas a Infraestructuras críticas (V) ➢NSA al descubierto … ➢ http://leaksource.info/2013/12/30/nsas-ant-division-catalog-of-exploits-for-nearly-every- major-software-hardware-firmware/
  44. 44. 44 Property of Telvent Global Services Antecedentes de la Ley PIC 5 años
  45. 45. 45 Property of Telvent Global Services Sectores Críticos - ENISA
  46. 46. 46 Property of Telvent Global Services Estado del arte ➢ Protección de infraestructuras críticas en España ➢ Plan de Seguridad del Operador (PSO) ➢ Plan de Protección Específico (PPE) ➢ Planes Estratégicos Sectoriales (PES) • Electricidad • Petróleo • Gas • Nuclear • Finanzas • Administración Tributaria • Alimentación • Tecnologías Información y Comunicaciones • Agua • Administración Pública • Espacio • Investigación • Salud • Químico • Transporte 2014 2015 / 2016 AGENTES PÚBLICOS Y PRIVADOS
  47. 47. 47 Property of Telvent Global Services Estrategia de Ciberseguridad ➢Líneas de acción de la ciberseguridad nacional 1. Capacidad de prevención, detección, respuesta y recuperación ante las ciberamenazas 2. Seguridad de los Sistemas de Información y Telecomunicaciones que soportan las Administraciones Públicas 3. Seguridad de los Sistemas de Información y Telecomunicaciones que soportan las Infraestructuras Críticas 4. Capacidad de investigación y persecución del ciberterrorismo y la ciberdelincuencia 5. Seguridad y resiliencia de las TIC en el sector privado 6. Conocimientos, Competencias e I+D+i 7. Cultura de ciberseguridad 8. Compromiso Internacional
  48. 48. 48 Property of Telvent Global Services Ciberejercicios IICC Primeras Jornadas PSCIC -2012 Segundas Jornadas PSCIC -2014
  49. 49. 49 Property of Telvent Global Services Procedimiento regulador IICC Identificación y valoración de las infraestructuras CNPIC - Operador Operador Crítico: Propietario o gestor de una infraestructura crítica Art. 2 Ley 08/2011 PIC Proceso de designación como Operador Crítico (OC): RD 704/2011 Reglamento PIC Art. 13 Responsabilidades del OC: Obligaciones del OC como agente del Sistema PIC RD 704/2011 Reglamento PIC Art. 13 Elaboración PSO. (6 meses desde la designación OC) RD 704/2011 Reglamento PIC Art. 22 Elaboración PPE. (4 meses desde la aprobación PSO) RD 704/2011 Reglamento PIC Art. 25 Operador Crítico: PSO y PPE
  50. 50. Un caso real: Ataque a un Data Center Crítico
  51. 51. 51 Property of Telvent Global Services Suena a algo así……
  52. 52. 52 Property of Telvent Global Services Ataque al Data Center Reconocimiento - I
  53. 53. 53 Property of Telvent Global Services Ataque al Data Center Reconocimiento - II
  54. 54. 54 Property of Telvent Global Services Ataque al Data Center Reconocimiento - III
  55. 55. 55 Property of Telvent Global Services Ataque al Data Center Análisis de vulnerabilidades
  56. 56. 56 Property of Telvent Global Services Ataque al Data Center Reconocimiento - IV
  57. 57. 57 Property of Telvent Global Services Ataque al Data Center Reconocimiento - V
  58. 58. 58 Property of Telvent Global Services Ataque al Data Center SHODAN !!!!
  59. 59. 59 Property of Telvent Global Services Ataque al Data Center Bingo !!!
  60. 60. 60 Property of Telvent Global Services Ataque al Data Center Arquitectura
  61. 61. 61 Property of Telvent Global Services Ataque al Data Center Tras cinco horas
  62. 62. 62 Property of Telvent Global Services Ataque al Data Center Et voilà !!!!
  63. 63. Próximos pasos: Hoja de ruta
  64. 64. 64 Property of Telvent Global Services Hoja de ruta ciberseguridad 1. Descubre cual es el nivel de ciberseguridad de tu organización. (Revisión IT/OT) : QICSATM 2. Determina cual quieres que sea ese nivel. (Negocio) 3. Define un plan de acción (Programa) Políticas, procedimientos y formación Seguridad Física Red Sistema Aplicación Dispositivo Defensa en Profundidad
  65. 65. 65 Property of Telvent Global Services Hoja de ruta ciberseguridad ➢ Plan de acción: ➢ Organización de la Ciberseguridad GLOBAL ➢ Personas + Procedimientos ➢ Ejecución de plan de proyectos priorizado ➢ Bastionado ➢ Parcheado ➢ Consolidación de logs ➢ AV/AM/AWL ➢ HIDS + NIDS ➢ SIM-SIEM-SOC ➢ Revisión trimestral de resultados Políticas, procedimientos y formación Seguridad Física Red Sistema Dispositivo
  66. 66. 66 Property of Telvent Global Services Hoja de ruta de ciberseguridad Cyber Security Bus Corporate Server I IT HIDS IT NIDS Cyber Security Bus TM SIEM Corporate Server II IT HIDS OT NIDS (SCAB) SCADA Front End/RT/Historian/HMI OT HIDS RTU/PLC Slave device OSINT CI INT
  67. 67. Gracias !! Enrique Martín García enrique.martingarcia@telvent.com https://www.linkedin.com/in/enriquemartingarcia @Kaostopper

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