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11. Propagation of sound
Medium
-Material that sound
waves can travel
through.
-It can travel through
solids, liquids and
gases but not through a
vacuum.
13. Just like all longitudinal
(compression)waves, sound
Waves possess a velocity,
frequency, wavelength,
phase, period, and amplitude.
Sound waves also reflect,
refract, diffract, and interfere.
16. 1. PITCH
-highness or lowness of a
sound.
a. FREQUENCY
-number of sound waves
that passes through a point
in a certain amount of time,
such as one second.
-the greater the frequency,
the higher the pitch.
Hertz (Hz)- unit to measure
frequency and pitch
17. Audio frequency range
-Frequency ranging 20 Hz to 20 000 Hz
-Sounds that human ear can hear is an
example.
INFRASONICS
-Frequency below 20 Hz.
18. 2. LOUDNESS or intensity
-description of how high or
low the sound seems to a
person
-determined mainly by the
amplitude of the sound
wave
a. Decibel (dB)- unit used to
measure sound intensity or
loudness.
19. LOUDNESS OF SOUND IN DECIBELS
Sound Loudness (dbs) Hearing
Damage
Average Home 40-50
Loud Music 90-100 After long
exposure
Rock Concert 115-120 Progressive
Jet Engine 120-170 Pain
20. Threshold of
hearing
-sound of the
quietest sound
that can be
heard under
ideal conditions
is 0 dB.
Threshold of
Pain
- Sound level of
120 dB which
can pain and
damage to the
ears.
21. The human ear relates
amplitude to
loudness
and
frequency to
pitch.
22. 3. TIMBRE
-tone color or tone quality
-used to distinguished
between two different
sounds that have the same
pitch and loudness
- It helps to identify what
produced the sound
2 Different waveforms
1. Pure tone- simplest wave
form, it has a soft,
pleasant tone quality
and sinusoidal
2. Complex tone- nearly
sinusoidal
23. A. Speed of Sound
Depends on:
1. Type of medium
-travels better through liquids and
solids and gas
can’t travel through a vacuum.
2. Temperature of medium
-travels faster at higher
temperature.
3. Density
-sound moves well through dense
materials.
4. Elasticity
-sound waves move fast through
elastic materials
24. B. DOPPLER EFFECT
Doppler Effect
change in wave frequency
caused by a moving wave
source
moving toward you -
pitch sounds higher
moving away from you -
pitch sounds lower
25. A. Refraction of sound
-change in direction,
as the wave moves
from one medium to
another
- It bends or refracts
as they move
through air.
30. 2 types
Constructive interference
-the sound waves arrive at
the same time and phase
Destructive interference
-waves arrive at interval
and are out of phase
31. * Fact *
D. Resonance
- the inducing
of vibrations of a natural
rate by a vibrating source
having the same frequency
32. A. Characteristics of musical sounds
Note- basic element of music
1. Pitch- highness or lowness of
the note
2. Intensity- loudness of the note
3. Rhythm- repeating pattern of
beats and it keeps the time to
the music
4. Melody- series of pitches
5. Harmony- three or more notes
played together.
33. * Fact *
Noise- unwanted sound
and a subtle pollutant
which can threaten the
Health or well being of
an individual.
34. CLASSIFICATION OF INSTRUMENTS
A. Stringed instruments
- Produce a tone when their strings
vibrated.
B. Wind instruments
-contain a column of air that vibrates when
air is blown to the instrument
C. Percussion instruments
-produce sound when they are struck