1.
2014 ROTARY INTERNATIONAL CONVENTION
JUNE 2, 2014
CONDUCTING
A COMMUNITY ASSESSMENT
FOR HEALTH PROJECTS

2.
2014 ROTARY INTERNATIONAL CONVENTION
JUNE 2, 2014
1. Opening Remarks – By Moderator
- Marion Bunch, Rotarians For Family Health & AIDS Prevention, Founder & CEO
2. Remarks by Panel Speakers
- Renee Saunders, Centers for Disease Control, Senior Public Health Advisor
- Emmanuel A. Lufadeju, CEO Lufarmco LLC
3. Question & Answer (large group)
4. Closing Remarks – By Moderator
AGENDA
2

3.
2014 ROTARY INTERNATIONAL CONVENTION
JUNE 2, 2014
Rotarians Should Have a Clear Understanding and Strategy For:
1. Explanation of community assessment process and importance of community
buy-in when planning a project
1. Ensuring their project planning incorporates specific community
assessment /community buy-in data or reports.
1. Be able to identify club, district, cooperating organization or Ministry
of Health resources that will produce reliable community assessment
baseline information.
1. Acquire as needed in report format this baseline information from identified
cooperating organizations or Ministry of Health. Include this reported
information in all project development materials, be they programs or grants.
OUTCOME OF SESSION
3

4.
2014 ROTARY INTERNATIONAL CONVENTION
JUNE 2, 2014
KEY CONCEPTS AND PRINCIPLES
OF A
COMMUNITY HEALTH NEEDS
ASSESSMENT
By: Renee Saunders, Senior Public Health Advisor
CDC/Division of Global HIV/AIDS
4

5.
2014 ROTARY INTERNATIONAL CONVENTION
JUNE 2, 2014
• Community health needs assessment is a
process that:
– describes the state of health of local people
– enables the identification of the major risk factors and
causes of ill health; and
– enables the identification of the actions needed to
address these.
It is not a one-off activity, but a developmental process
that is added to and amended over time. It is not an end in
itself but a way of using information to plan health care
and public health programs in the future.
What is a community health needs assessment?

6.
2014 ROTARY INTERNATIONAL CONVENTION
JUNE 2, 2014
Needs assessment enable you to:
• Plan and deliver the most effective care to those in
greatest need;
• Find out about and address inequalities in health;
• Identify gaps in local provision;
• Ensure that scarce resources are allocated where they
can give maximum health benefit; and
• Work collaboratively with the community, other
professionals and agencies to determine which health
issues cause greatest concern and plan interventios to
address these issues.
Why do it?

7.
2014 ROTARY INTERNATIONAL CONVENTION
JUNE 2, 2014
• Profiling the population: data collection
and analysis
• Deciding on priorities for action
• Planning public health and health care
programs to address the priority issues
• Implementing the planned activities
• Evaluation of health outcomes
Steps of a community health needs assessment:

8.
2014 ROTARY INTERNATIONAL CONVENTION
JUNE 2, 2014
• Key questions to ask:
– What are the key characteristics of the population?
– What is the health status of the people?
– What local factors are affecting their health and what
impact do they have (good or bad)?
– What services are currently being provided?
– What do local people see as their health needs?
– What are the national and local priorities for health?
Profiling the population

9.
2014 ROTARY INTERNATIONAL CONVENTION
JUNE 2, 2014
Quantitative:
– Population, demographic and socioeconomic data
– Previous assessments
– Health indicators that address determinants of health that
promote quality of life, healthy behaviors, and healthy
development across all life stages
Qualitative:
– Observations through field work
– Key informant interviews
– Focus groups
– Community asset mapping
Data collection

10.
2014 ROTARY INTERNATIONAL CONVENTION
JUNE 2, 2014
• Compare your population with a larger group to
ascertain whether a health issue or disease rate is higher
or lower than expected;
• Compare current information with that collected in
previous years to identify trends over time;
• Identify significant gaps in the information;
• Compare and contrast different types of information;
• Look for positive features as well as problems; even the
most disadvantaged communities have strengths that
can form the building blocks for change
• Summarize and make a list of the health issues you
identify
Data analysis

11.
2014 ROTARY INTERNATIONAL CONVENTION
JUNE 2, 2014
• Setting priorities:
– How many people are affected?
– Are there disadvantaged groups with high needs for
care?
– Are some people less able to access services?
– Are those whose needs are greatest receiving the
services they need?
– What is the impact on people’s lives?
– Are there appropriate and effective interventions?
– Does the health need identified coincide with known
priorities and strategies?
– Is the expertise and training available?
What to do with the information?

12.
2014 ROTARY INTERNATIONAL CONVENTION
JUNE 2, 2014
• The measure of a good assessment process will
be the success or failure of the actions taken to
improve health:
– Think broadly and creatively about potential solutions to the
issues you are tackling.
– A community health needs assessment belongs to the local
community and those who work in it.
– Work needs to be planned with others, agreeing who the key
people are and deciding together what needs to be done and by
when.
– Include health promotion activities in plan
Planning and implementation

13.
2014 ROTARY INTERNATIONAL CONVENTION
JUNE 2, 2014
• Monitor and record changes that are taking
place
• Evaluate successes and failures
• Aim for small, achievable, measurable goals
• Share and celebrate you successes with others
• Where plans are not having the desired effect,
consider them again and consult with others to
develop changes
Measuring success

14.
2014 ROTARY INTERNATIONAL CONVENTION
JUNE 2, 2014
A MATERNAL & CHILD
HEALTH PROGRAM IN NIGERIA:
A Model Project
By: PDG Prof. Emmanuel Adedolapo Lufadeju
Rotarian Action Group for Population & Development
4

15.
2014 ROTARY INTERNATIONAL CONVENTION
JUNE 2, 2014
Steps to Organize a Community
Service Project Based on the pilot
project “child spacing and family
health program” in Nigeria
5

16.
2014 ROTARY INTERNATIONAL CONVENTION
JUNE 2, 2014
PROJECT INITIATION
• Find out unmet real needs by conducting
a community Needs Assessment
• Conduct baseline survey of the area or
a Rapid Rural Appraisal
• Conduct situation analysis of health facilities/staff
production of map of local government area with
health post, local gynecological health clinics,
NGOs and traditional healers
6

17.
2014 ROTARY INTERNATIONAL CONVENTION
JUNE 2, 2014
PROJECT INITIATION
• Integrate women in development clubs, associations
and health committees
• Embark on mobilization and reorientation of existing
health, and health related staff of all categories
Information, education and communication
7

18.
2014 ROTARY INTERNATIONAL CONVENTION
JUNE 2, 2014
• Local religious leaders, traditional rulers, and chiefs,
District heads, Village and Wards heads.
• Local and State government administrators, health
departments of local governments
• Town criers, health committees and influential
opinion leaders /NGOs
• Teaching and specialist hospitals, State hospitals
and Local government health clinics.
ESTABLISH COMMUNITY PARTICIPATION THROUGH
8

19.
2014 ROTARY INTERNATIONAL CONVENTION
JUNE 2, 2014
• Public Awareness Campaign and Advocacy
• Training and capacity building of Health Workers
• Counseling and Contraceptive Distribution
• Equipment procurement
and Maintenance
• Quality Assurance
PROJECT IMPLEMENTATION: APPLY THE FIVE PILLARS
9

20.
2014 ROTARY INTERNATIONAL CONVENTION
JUNE 2, 2014
• Institute good record keeping and train recorders
• Keep accurate client records books and provide
clients with personal record
• Provide monthly return forms
PROJECT SUPERVISION
10

21.
2014 ROTARY INTERNATIONAL CONVENTION
JUNE 2, 2014
• Ensure adequate supply of all available
materials recommended for program
• Arrange regular visits to project hospitals
and local government clinics by Rotarians
and Rotary leaders
• Service providers with other officers in
charge of health clinics
PROJECT SUPERVISION
11

22.
2014 ROTARY INTERNATIONAL CONVENTION
JUNE 2, 2014
• Radio, TV, use of traditional rulers and celebrities
in advertising
• Drama groups
• Audio and Video cassettes
• Poster, Stickers, handbills, Bill Boards and pamphlets
• Mouth-to-mouth information by trained staff, especially TBAs
• Drama Groups
• Meetings of Village and district heads
• Town criers
INFORMATION, EDUCATION & COMMUNICATION THROUGH:
12

23.
2014 ROTARY INTERNATIONAL CONVENTION
JUNE 2, 2014
• The principle of quality assurance in a hospital is based on three
major parameters:
1. QUALITY OF INFRASTRUCTURE comprises the condition of the hospital
building, water supply, power supply, hygienic conditions, number
and qualification of staff, and available equipment.
2. QUALITY OF PROCESS is majorly dependent on adequate structure and
also the qualification and professional capacity of the staff, their experience
and performance.
3. QUALITY OF OUTCOME is the effect and impact of necessary intervention
which will lead to a quantum reduction in maternal and infant morbidity and
mortality and consequent improvement.
• All three parameters are interdependent and connected
PROJECT ACHIEVMENTS, IMPACT AND LESSONS LEARNED
13

24.
2014 ROTARY INTERNATIONAL CONVENTION
JUNE 2, 2014
Key Quality Indicators for Maternal Mortality Ratio (MMR)
- Reduced from 1715/100,000 (2008)
- 670/100,000 (2012)
Fetal Mortality Rate (FMR)
- 6 to 16 % (2008 to 2012 in Kaduna
- 5 to 18 % (2008 to 2013 in Kano)
Compare these results with FCT Abuja and Ondo States
- 2 to 5% for same period
ACHIEVEMENTS CONTINUED
14

25.
2014 ROTARY INTERNATIONAL CONVENTION
JUNE 2, 2014
• Number of mothers receiving prenatal care:
- 307,184 women 2008-2013
• Number of maternal and child
health professionals trained:
- 200 in average 2008-2013
ACHIEVEMENTS CONTINUED
15

26.
2014 ROTARY INTERNATIONAL CONVENTION
JUNE 2, 2014
• All four regions record various levels
of decrease as follows;
1. Kano (0.95 in 2008 -to- 0.36 in 2013),
2. Kaduna (0.76 in 2008 -to- 0.21 in 2013)
3. Abuja (0.06 in 2008 -to- 0.06 in 2013)
4. Ondo (0.18 in 1st qtr 2013 -to-
0.07 in 4th qtr 2013)
REPORT OF DECREASED MATERNAL MORTALITY RATES:
16

27.
2014 ROTARY INTERNATIONAL CONVENTION
JUNE 2, 2014
• 20 Facilities are Benefiting. (5 in each Region)
1. Kano
2. Kaduna
3. Abuja
4. Ondo
NUMBER OF BENEFITING HEALTH FACILITIES:
17