Transmission Impairment & Difference between Baseband and Broadband

1. Class Note
Course Title: Data Communication
Course Code: CSE– 313
Topic: Transmission Impairment & Difference between
Baseband and Broadband
SUBMITTED TO:
Pranab Bandhu Nath
Senior Lecturer
Department of CSE
City University
Khagan, Savar, Dhaka
SUBMITTED BY:
Ridhy Chandro Modak
ID No: 181472063
Batch: 47th
(Eve)
Department of CSE
City University

2. Baseband: Baseband technology uses digital signals in data transmission. It sends binary values directly
as pulse voltage levels.
To support bi-directional communication this technology uses two separate electric circuits together. One
for sending and one for receiving. The output of analog microphone is baseband.
Broadband: The Broadband technology uses analog signals in data transmission. Broadband technology
is used for long distance data transfer.
Broadband technology uses a special analog wave known as the carrier wave. It mixes data/digital
signal/binary values into carrier wave and sends the carrier wave over the medium. It supports the
Frequency Division Multiplexing
Difference between Baseband and Broadband
Baseband Broadband
 Baseband Transmit digital signals  Broadband Transmit analog signals
 It Support bidirectional communication
simultaneously
 It Support unidirectional
communication only
 It sends binary values directly as pulse
voltage levels.
 It sends binary values as frequency.
 It is used with a bus topology.  It is used with a bus and tree topology.
 Signals can only travel over short
distances.
 Signals can be travelled over long
distances
 IT use coaxial, twisted-pair, and fiber-
optic cables
 IT use radio waves, coaxial, twisted-
pair, and fiber-optic cables
 Baseband technology mainly used in
Ethernet LAN networks
 Broadband mainly used in cable and
telephone networks
Transmission Impairment: In data communication system, analog signals transmit
through a transmission medium. The signal at the beginning of the medium is not remain same as
the signal at the end of the medium. This imperfection causes signal impairment.

3. Causes of Transmission Impairment:
Attenuation: Attenuation Means loss of energy. When a signal travels through a medium it loses
some its energy, so that it can overcome by the resistance of the medium.
 That’s why a wire carrying electric signals gets worm. Because some of the electrical
energy is converted into heat.
 To compensate for this loss Amplifiers are used to amplify the signals.
 To show that a signals has lost or gained its strength the decibel(dB) is used.
 The relative strengths of two signals are measured by Decibel.
Distortion: Distortion means that the signal changes its form or shape. Distortion can occur in a
composite signal that was made of different frequencies.
 Each signal component has its own propagation time. Different components have
different delay time to arriving at the final destination.
 Signal has difference phases at the source and destination point.
Noise: Noise is another cause of impairment. When signal transmitted some random or unwanted
signals are mix up with the original signal is called noise.
Several types of noise, such as thermal noise, Crosstalk, Impulse noise, Intermodulation noise.
Thermal Noise: The motion of the electrons in a conductor creates an extra signal which is not
send by the transmitter is called thermal noise.
Intermodulation noise: When more than one signals share in a transmission medium, it
generates some noise is called Intermodulation noise.
Impairment Causes
Distortion
Attenuation Noise

4. Crosstalk: In telephone system, it is a common to hear talking of other people in the
background, it's called cross talk.
Impulse noise: The irregular pulses generated by power lines, lightning, spark due to lose
contact in electric circuits is called Impulse noise.
References:
1. https://www.computernetworkingnotes.com/networking-tutorials/differences-between-
baseband-and-broadband-explained.html
2. https://www.geeksforgeeks.org/transmission-impairment-in-data-communication/
3. https://www.includehelp.com/computer-networks/transmission-impairment.aspx
4. https://datacommandnet.blogspot.com/p/transmission-impairment.html
.