This document discusses the vision and strategies for information technology development in Indonesia. It covers topics like layering of IT, technical standards, core technologies, principles of the National Information Infrastructure, and initiatives in Singapore like TradeNet and data hubs. It also explores trends in communication, computer, and content technologies, providing examples like wireless WAN, HDSL, multicast backbone, and application-specific devices. The document emphasizes observing grassroots technological developments and opportunities they provide.
Rich Radka, Internet of Things at WSA-mobile Global Congress 2015
Perkembangan Teknologi Informasi Abad 21
1. Perkembangan Teknologi
Informasi Abad 21
Onno W. Purbo
Computer Network Research Group (CNRG)
Institut Teknologi Bandung
yc1dav@cnrg.itb.ac.id.
yc1dav@garuda.drn.go.id.
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2. Information Technology
Communication
Computer
Content
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4. Outline
q Visi
q Layering & Strategies in Information
Technology.
q Filosofi dibalik trend teknologi informasi
sebuah phenomena de-facto vs. de-jure.
sebuah phenomena arus bawah vs. atas.
q Sisi praktis perkembangan Teknologi
informasi.
q Penutup
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5. Objectives
Melihat beberapa sisi perkembangan
teknologi informasi
Membaca Filosofi Perkembangan
Teknologi Informasi
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6. Visi
Mari Belajar Dari Visi Negara Lain
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7. Vision
q IT2000 - Vision of An Intelligent Island
(Singapore) - http://www.ncb.gov.sg
q National Information Infrastructure (NII) -
ada banyak Web yang membawa NII.
q Asia Pacific Information Infrastructure
(APII).
q Information Superhighway.
q One Stop, Non-Stop Services.
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8. Arus Atas & Arus Bawah
Sebuah Phenomena
dalam Perkembangan
Information
Technology.
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9. Pelajaran Utama
kita perlu memperhatikan
secara seksama
perkembangan arus
bawah yang terjadi .....
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10. Pelajaran Utama
Pergeseran konsep yang
fundamental IT banyak
terjadi justru dibawah!
contoh
Internet ...
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11. Contoh Komentar Para
Legendaris Arus Bawah
“Either lead or follow but please
don’t block the road for those
who would move forward” - Phil
Karn.
“The IETF rejects presidents,
kings and voting. We believe in
rough consensus and working
code” - David Clarke.
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12. Visi Arus Bawah
Low Cost Equipments
No Regulation only Concensus
Independent Service
Distributed System
Small & Specific
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13. Strategies in Information
Technology
Konseptualisasi
Information
Technology
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14. Layering of Information
Technology
Legal Framework
National IT Application
Policies and
Standards
Technical
Common Network
Services
Telecommunication
Network
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15. Technical Standards
q Digital Media
q Open Systems
q Bar-coding
q Smart Cards
q Security
q High Definition TeleVision (HDTV).
q Electronic Data Interchange (EDI).
q Document Representation (HTML, SGML)
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16. Core Information Technology
q Multimedia
q Real Time Computing
q Knowledge Systems
q Advanced Telecommunications & Networking
q Human Interface
q Systems and Models
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17. Principle of the NII
q Distributed
– 'Middleware' such as APIs, RPCs, and
Messages
q Ubiquitous
– Information Appliances and Utility
q Reliable
– Fault Tolerance, Distributed Systems, DCE
q Secure
– Communications, Data and User Access
Security
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18. Principle of the NII
q Multi-service
– Bandwidth on Demand - Gigabit Networks
q Easy to Use
– Ergonomics and Multilingual Characters
q Open
– Standards for Interoperability, Portability,
Integration
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19. Let’s see
Singapore
One of my favorite!
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20. Singapore’s IT Milestones
IT 2000
Informatisation
1992
National IT Plan 1986
National Computeriztion Plan 1980
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21. Singapore’s National IT Plan
IT Manpower
IT
Collaboration
Coordination
IT Culture Application
Information Communication IT
Infrastructure Industry
Climate for Creativity &
Entrepreneurship
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22. IT2000
Vision of an Intelligent Island
Information Appliances
IT links Computers
Accessing
In Every Home, Office,
Rich Array
School, Factory,
of Multimedia Services
and Government ...
Advanced National Smart Infrastructure
Information - Ports, Schools,
Infrastructure Roads
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23. IT2000 Sectoral Group
q Tourist & Leisure q Financial Services.
Services. q Media Publishing &
q Transportation. Information Services.
q Retail, Wholesale & q Manufacturing.
Distribution. q IT Industry.
q Construction & Real q HealthCare.
Estate. q Government
q Education & Training.
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24. Some Singapore’s Initiatives
q Trade-Net
q Establishment of Data Hubs.
q Student’s & Teacher’s Workbench.
q Internet for Schools.
q Construction and Real Estate NETwork.
q Legal Services - Court Vision 21.
q Helthcare MediNet
q Electronic Road Pricing (ERP)
q TourNet
q Borderless Library Network.
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25. Singapore’s TradeNet
q Customs. q Carriers.
q Wholesalers. q Transport Companies.
q Distributors. q Banks.
q Retailers. q Information Providers.
q Importers / Exporters. q Insurance Companies.
q Freight Forwarders. q Air Cargo Agents.
q Shipping Agents. q Other Gov’t Agencies.
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26. Tradenet’s Performance
q SIM Award 1989.
q 20 Gov’t Agencies.
q 8500 Companies.
q 95% electronic submission.
q Approval reduced from 2 days to 15 mins.
q 20-30% increase in user productivity.
q 24 hour operation.
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27. TradeNet Key Factor.
q Human Resource.
q Electronic Data Interchange (EDI).
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28. Singapore’s Data Hub
q Land Hub
– Physical land-related data including lot
boundaries, buildings, utilities, roads.
q Estab Hub
– Business information like name, registration
number, paid-up capital, directors information.
q People Hub
– Personal data like name, NRIC, address, sex,
date of birth etc.
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29. Data Hubs Benefits
q Reduced effort in data collection and
processing.
q Minimise redudancy and duplication of data
storage.
q Less of a bother for the citizen to fill up
common information already known.
q More timely, accurate and consistent data.
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30. User’s Perspectives
Arah Perkembangan
di Bawah
(arus bawah)
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31. Demand Push
q High Speed
2Mbps WAN is bare minimum!
q Video / Multimedia Applications
Virtual Reality is one of the
ultimate goal!
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32. Konsekuensi Teknologi
Application Specific
Personal Interaction - Multimedia
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33. Trend Communication
Technology
High Speed Clear Channel
atau
Small High Speed Packet
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34. Apa yang di inginkan user?
High speed & low cost!
Tidak harus B-ISDN / ATM / E1 / T1
dkk dll .....
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35. Arus Bawah Memilih
High Speed Clear Channel
(low cost!)
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36. Konsekuensi Lain
High Speed Switching Router
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38. Bisa kita Perhatikan
q Mainframe vs. Personal Computer.
q RISC Processsors.
q Palmtop application specific computing
devices .....
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39. Apa yang di inginkan user?
q High speed & low cost!
q bukan multi-purpose devices.
q rela membeli banyak cheap / low
cost application specific appliances.
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40. Trend Content
Multimedia
Interactive
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41. Apa yang di inginkan user?
Live Personal Communication
& information retrieval
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42. Hal lain yang diinginkan ..
Network Security!
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44. Teknologi Komunikasi
Clear Channel High Speed
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45. Contoh Nyata Teknologi
Komunikasi
q Wireless Wide Area Network
q Teknologi HDSL & sebangsanya.
q Multicast Backbone (MBONE)
q 100Mbps Ethernet
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46. Peralatan Wireless WAN
q Card Wireless Ethernet
q Speed 2Mbps s/d 10Mbps
q Distance 15-40 km :-) ....
q Antenna Yagi / Disc
q PC sebagai router ke LAN Ethernet
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47. Wireless LAN
PC dengan spesifikasi:
386
4Mbyte RAM
PC / Workstation Cukup Floppy
Ethernet card ke LAN
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48. Wireless LAN
PC / Workstation Wireless Ethernet Card
Spec. 250mW
915MHz / 2.4GHz
2,048Mbps
Teknologi CDMA
US$750 / buah
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49. Wireless LAN
Loop Yagi Antenna
PC / Workstation
Antenna Loop Yagi
915Mhz
Rp. 100.000,-
Disc 2.4GHz
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50. Wireless LAN
15 Km @ 250mW
915MHz CDMA
PC / Workstation PC / Workstation
Percobaan di ITB, Bandung
Dengan Antenna Loop Yagi 915MHz
Jarak 15 km LAN-to-LAN Connection 2Mbps
(sponsor PT. Compact Microwave Indonesia)
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51. Mungkinkah Membuat Sendiri
Wireless LAN Equipments?
Sangat Mungkin!
Chip Set CDMA Cellular banyak
dipasaran ....
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52. Bagaimana Dengan Regulasi?
q MenParPostel belum mempunyai
regulasi tentang CDMA ....
q Peluang untuk melakukan
penelitian & perubahan regulasi
untuk CDMA di Indonesia
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53. Teknologi HDSL
q Modem HDSL
q Speed 2,048Mbps
q Distance 5 km via chopper wire
q PC dengan Interface card / Router
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54. HDSL Equipment
HDSL Modem 2Mbps
Campus / Local
Area Network
Twisted Telephone
Cable
PC / Workstation
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55. Konsep Multicast Backbone
q IP address MBone 224.0.0.0
q Client akan “monitor” pada IP address
MBONE.
q Menggunakan software switching
mrouted
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56. Visualisasi MBONE
Client
Transmit pada
224.0.0.x Workstation
Client
Workstation Workstation
Server
Video
Client
Workstation
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57. Aplikasi MBONE
q Video Broadcasting via Internet
q TV Broadcasting via Internet
q TV Reflector di Internet
q Video Teleconference via Internet
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58. Teknologi Komputer
Application Specific
Computing Devices
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59. Contoh Nyata
q Internet Toaster US$500 :-) ....
q Processor + 4Mb RAM +
Modem - US$250 ...
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60. Argumentasi Intel
q Visi “The Connected PC”.
q Reduced Microprocessor Price.
q Imbedded Multimedia.
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61. Content
Interactive Multimedia
Network Security
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62. Contoh Nyata
Java & HotJava
CU-see-Me
(Video Conference)
Virtual Reality Modelling Language (VRML)
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64. Cybercast Station
http://www.nus.sg/Cybercast/Cybercast.html
Mac Quadra Internet
CU-see-Me Client US
Reflector Sites
UK
Reflector
Audio cybercast.nus.sg
Video
Japan
VCR
Australia
Internet
MBone Tunnel
cybercast.nus.sg
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65. Cybercast Station
Satellite / Microwave Disc
Forhttp://www.nus.sg/Cybercast/Cybercast.html
Receiving Broadcast
Transmission
Mac Quadra Internet
CU-see-Me Client US
Reflector Sites
UK
Reflector
Audio cybercast.nus.sg
Video
Japan
VCR
Australia
Internet
MBone Tunnel
cybercast.nus.sg
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66. Cybercast Station
http://www.nus.sg/Cybercast/Cybercast.html
Mac Quadra Internet
CU-see-Me Client US
Reflector Sites
VCR to remove the RF signal
UK
and split video & audio signals
Reflector
Audio cybercast.nus.sg
Video
Japan
VCR
Australia
Internet
MBone Tunnel
cybercast.nus.sg
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67. Cybercast Station
http://www.nus.sg/Cybercast/Cybercast.html
MacQuadra sebagai server
Mac Quadra InternetCU-see-Me
CU-see-Me Client US
Reflector Sites
UK
Reflector
Audio cybercast.nus.sg
Video
Japan
VCR
Australia
Internet
MBone Tunnel
cybercast.nus.sg
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68. Cybercast Station
Reflector / Relay24 jam
http://www.nus.sg/Cybercast/Cybercast.html
Bagi trsnsmisi video
Mac Quadra Internet
CU-see-Me Client US
Reflector Sites
UK
Reflector
Audio cybercast.nus.sg
Video
Japan
VCR
Australia
Internet
MBone Tunnel
cybercast.nus.sg
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69. Cybercast Station
http://www.nus.sg/Cybercast/Cybercast.html
Mac Quadra Internet
CU-see-Me Client US
Reflector Sites
UK
Reflector
Audio cybercast.nus.sg
Video
MBone Tunnel
Japan
VCR untuk transmisi via
Firewall / Internet
Australia
Internet
MBone Tunnel
cybercast.nus.sg
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70. Some Cool URLs in Internet
q http://irdu.nus.sg/vrml/ VRML site
q http://irdu.nus.sg/hotjava/HotJava Web site
q http://nusinfo.nus.sg:80/Major/vod.html
Video on Demand
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71. High Profit IT Business
q Human Resource
q Manufacturing backed by Research &
Development
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72. Bagaimana dengan
Indonesia?
Sekelumit R&D di ITB
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73. Sekelumit kegiatan R&D ITB
q NOC untuk Bandung-Net.
q 2Mbps Ku-Band gate ke Asian Internet
Interconnection Initiative / AI3 (Nara, Japan).
q 38.4Kbps L-Band gate ke Partners gateway
(Kashima, Japan).
q HDLC Card 64-256Kbps.
q GMSK 19.2Kbps & 64-256Kbps modem.
q DSP based modems (support Motorola
International Inc).
q Terminal Node Controllers untuk packet
network.
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74. Network Center - CNRG-ITB The EE-Net Backbone
to PT. Telkom (telkom.co.id)
~14,4Kbps most of the time
MultiTech 28.8Kbps C-Band SCPC Ground Station
sumbangan PT. PanSystem PT. Elektrindo Nusantara
HP 9000
Ethernet
series 400
DNS 386 - NOS
486 - FreeBSD
Novell Server (no harddisk)
DNS & mail gate
To ITB Main Library
Thick Ethernet
Thin Ethernet
486 - NOS 486 - NOS
From LPP Jogyakarta 486 - NOS Pentium in Progress
Modem
From PT. Holycommindo
2Mbps link Ku-Band via
JCSat to WIDE JAPAN
Dedicated 139MHz
HF SSB 300bps HF SSB VHF 148MHz
1200/9600bps
Computer Network
7MHz network Research Group 14MHz Net
ITB to LAPAN Bogor
Bandung Network
75. Kerjasama / Sponsored R&D
q 38.4Kbps C-Band gate ke PT. Elektrindo
Nusantara.
q Leased line 28.8-14.4Kbps via MultiTech &
Motorola Vanguard 300 (PT. Telkom,
PT.PanSystem & PT. Abhitama Citra Abadi)
q Operasi 9 gateway radio (7 VHF & 2 HF) -
(partly PT. Hollycommindo Hitech).
q Operasi 2 link 2Mbps WaveLAN (PT.
Compact Microwave Indonesia)
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76. Beberapa Obsesi CNRG-ITB
q Running an Indonesian MBone Tunnel &
Reflector Site.
q Running CU-see-Me Teleconference site
(butuh videoblaster + multimedia kit).
q Build 2-10Mbps Wireless Equipments.
q Build 2Mbps HDSL modem & interface.
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77. Summary
q Human Resource would be the key to
success.
q Belajar dari pergerakan arus bawah di
Information Technology.
q Belajar dari pergerakan National
Information Infrastructure - antisipasi
market shift.
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