Digital News Report 2017

Reuters Institute Digital
News Report 2017
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report for any purpose (commercial or non-
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@risj_oxford | #DNR17 |

World’s biggest news survey
70,000
respondents
36
Markets

METHODOLOGY
Country Sample Size
Internet
penetration
USA 2,269 89%
UK 2,112 94%
Germany 2,062 89%
France 2,000 84%
Italy 2,011 63%
Spain 2,006 78%
Portugal 2,007 64%
Ireland 2,002 77%
Norway 2,056 98%
Sweden 2,021 93%
Finland 2,007 93%
Denmark 2,011 98%
Country Sample Size
Internet
penetration
Belgium 2,009 88%
Netherlands 2,006 95%
Switzerland 2,005 89%
Austria 2,000 82%
Hungary 2,004 80%
Slovakia 2,002 82%
Czech Republic 2,003 88%
Poland 2,013 73%
Romania 2,029 52%
Croatia 2,005 70%
Greece 2,002 66%
Turkey 2,005 58%
Country Sample Size
Internet
penetration
Japan 2,000 91%
Korea, South 2,002 92%
Taiwan 1,017 84%
Hong Kong 2,015 80%
Malaysia 2,108 68%
Singapore 2,000 81%
Australia 2,004 92%
Canada 2,000 93%
Urban Brazil 2,003 68%
Argentina 2,001 79%
Chile 2,005 80%
Mexico 2,003 53%
Polling by
Supported by
RESEARCH CONDUCTED ONLINE IN JANUARY/EARLY FEBRUARY 2017

IN THE ERA OF FAKE NEWS
ONLY …
24%
agree Social media
does a good job in
separating fact
from fiction
“PEOPLE SHARE
WITHOUT
READING THE
INFORMATION IN
THE ARTICLE”
Female (21), USA
RISJ Digital News Report 2017

IN THE ERA OF FAKE NEWS …
40%
agree the news media
does a good job in
separating fact
from fiction
“IT’S THEIR JOB TO
REPORT THE
FACTS”
“IT’S THEIR JOB … TO
REPORT THE FACTS”

IN THE ERA OF FAKE NEWS …
40%
agree the news media
does a good job in
separating fact
from fiction
“CREDIBLE INFORMATION
WITH WRITERS NAMES
ATTACHED”
“IT’S THEIR JOB … TO
REPORT THE FACTS”

TRUST VARIES ACROSS COUNTRIES
38
USA
53% trust
sources
they use
% THAT AGREE THEY TRUST NEWS MOST OF THE TIME

POLARISATION IN USA
AUDIENCE MAP FOR TOP ONLINE NEWS BRANDS
“FOX NEWS
KEEPS IT FAIR;
CNN TELLS US LEFT
WING LIES!”
“THEY ARE SO FAR
TO THE LEFT, THEY
MIGHT
FALL OFF ..”
Mid point
The so-called ‘liberal media’
Fox News
New York Times
W Post Yahoo News!CNN
THOSE ON THE POLITICAL RIGHT ALMOST 3X AS LIKELY TO DISTRUST THE NEWS MEDIA

UK MEDIA LANDSCAPE
“I USED TO TRUST AND
VALUE THE BBC NEWS BUT NOW IT’S JUST
A MOUTHPIECE FOR
THE LIBERAL LEFTISTS.”
Male (52), UK
“EVEN THE BBC TENDS
TO SUPPORT [A] FAR RIGHT
WINGED PARTY NOWADAYS.”
Female (54), UK
Mid point
MailOnlineGuardian Online BBC News Online
The Canary

GERMANY IS LESS POLARISED
“I DON’T ALWAYS TRUST THE
MEDIA, ESPECIALLY IN MATTERS
RELATING TO THE REFUGEE
CRISIS”
Female (56), Germany
THERE IS A LOT THAT IS HUSHED
UP IN THE MEDIA..”
Female (30), Germany
Mid point
N24
Zeit Online
ARD (Tageschau)
Spiegel online Focus
Bild.de

ONLINE NEWS MEDIA POLARISATION SCORE
SELECTED COUNTRIES
HIGHER SCORE -> HIGHER POLARIZATION IN MEDIA USE

DIFFERENT BRANDS ARE TRUSTED FOR DIFFERENT THINGS
SELECTED UK BRANDS
% WHO SAY BEST FOR …

DIFFERENT BRANDS ARE TRUSTED FOR DIFFERENT THINGS
SELECTED ITALIAN BRANDS
% who say best for

WEEKLY NEWS REACH OF SELECTED INTERNATIONAL BRANDS

AROUND HALF NOW USE SOCIAL MEDIA FOR NEWS …
Q3. Which, if any, of the following have you used in the last week as a source of news? (Please select all that apply)/Q10 Thinking about how you
FIND news online, which are the main ways that you come across news stories? - Used social media and came across news that way. Base:
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
2013 2014 2015 2016 2017
USA
UK
51%
41%
54% AVERAGE ACROSS ALL COUNTRIES, MORE IN LATIN AMERICA AND SOUTHERN EUROPE

GERMANY
FRANCE
BUT ELSEWHERE SOCIAL MEDIA USE IS SLOWING
OR GOING INTO REVERSE
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
2013 2014 2015 2016 2017
SPAIN51%
41%
41%
ALSO
Portugal 64% (-4)
Sweden 51% (-5)
Austria 45% (-3)
Q3. Which, if any, of the following have you used in the last week as a source of news? (Please select all that apply)/Q10 Thinking about how you
FIND news online, which are the main ways that you come across news stories? - Used social media and came across news that way

SOCIAL NETWORKS AND THE RISE OF MESSAGING APPS
TOP SOCIAL NETWORKS OR MESSAGING APPS (ALL MARKETS)
80% USE A FACEBOOK PRODUCT WEEKLY FOR ANY PURPOSE

MESSAGING APPS FOR NEWS ACROSS THE WORLD

FAR FROM CREATING ECHO CHAMBERS, DISTRIBUTED MEDIA
OFTEN EXPOSES PEOPLE TO MORE SOURCES
People use search and social media (and
news aggregators) tend to use more
sources of news and greater diversity of
sources than those that don’t

BUT BRAND ATTRIBUTION IN DISTRIBUTED ENVIRONMENTS IS
A PROBLEM …
81%
DIRECT TRAFFIC
47%
SOCIAL
44%
55%
37%
SEARCH
Fewer than half could remember the news
brand that produced a story when coming
from social media or search
Based on YouGov passive tracking + 3000 surveys
– UK only

SPAIN
USA
SMARTPHONES BECOMING EVER MORE CENTRAL
JAPAN
REACH HAS DOUBLED IN FIVE YEARS, BUT IS BEGINNING TO LEVEL OFF
UK
GERMANY
FRANCE
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
2013 2014 2015 2016 2017
access news
via smartphone
across all
36 countries
56%
% weekly usage for news 2013-17 (selected countries)

WE’RE BECOMING MORE DEPENDENT ON MOBILE…
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
2014 2015 2016 2017
Computer
USE OF COMPUTER/LAPTOP FOR NEWS IS FALLING IN ABSOLUTE AND RELATIVE TERMS
% using as MAIN device
USA
Smartphone & Tablet
Smartphone
Tablet

WE’RE BECOMING MORE DEPENDENT ON MOBILE ...
THE SMARTPHONE IS ALWAYS WITH YOU, PERSONAL, MULTI-FUNCTIONAL, CONVENIENT

NOT ALL COUNTRIES ARE MOVING AT THE SAME PACE

MOBILE APPS ARE BECOMING MORE IMPORTANT
27% SAY THEY USE A NEWS APP WEEKLY
Growth due to deep linking, better promotion and
growth of mobile alerts and notifications

NOT JUST PUBLISHER APPS NOW …
APPLE NEWS GROWTH
25% of iPhone users - 13% in 2016 (+12)

NOT JUST PUBLISHER APPS NOW …
SNAPCHAT DISCOVER
23% reach with 18-24s
12% in 2016
Launched Feb 2016
Launched Sep 2016
<1% with over 35s

AND THE NEXT STEP MAY BE VOICE …
EMERGING DEVICES FOR NEWS – USA, UK, GERMANY

INCIDENTAL EXPOSURE IN SOCIAL MEDIA AND AGGREGATORS

AVERAGE NUMBER OF ONLINE NEWS BRANDS USED IN THE
LAST WEEK
ALL MARKETS

PROPORTION THAT PAID FOR ONLINE NEWS IN THE LAST YEAR
ALL MARKETS

EVIDENCE OF ‘TRUMP BUMP’ IN THE US
DRIVEN BY U35S AND THOSE ON THE LEFT
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
2014 2015 2016 2017
Finland Denmark Italy UK Germany France Japan Spain USA
Trump bump
+7
+ 500,000
digital
subscribers
+ 200,000
digital
subscribers
RECORD GROWTH SINCE NOV
+ 250,000
digital
subscribers

BUT LITTLE CHANGE ELSEWHERE …
ALL COUNTRIES
Proportion who pay for any online news
European countries
13%PAY FOR
ONLINE NEWS
PAY Highest in Norway
26%
Lowest in UK
6%

HOW NEWS COMPARES WITH OTHER ONLINE PAYMENT?
ALL COUNTRIES
Q7b_2017. Thinking more generally, which of the following types of digital media (if any) have you paid for online in the last year?
Base: Total sample in each country
31%
33%
28%
23%
14%
25%
24%
19%
14%
8%
13%
17%
14%
12%
12%
0%
20%
40%
60%
18-24 25-34 35-44 44-55 55+
TV and film (eg
Netflix)
Music (eg Spotify)
News
Pays for New York Times, The
Guardian, The Intercept, Young Turks

REASONS FOR PAYING AND NOT PAYING FOR ONLINE NEWS

PROPORTION THAT SOMETIMES OR OFTEN AVOID THE NEWS
ALL MARKETS

REASONS BEHIND NEWS AVOIDANCE
ALL MARKETS/USA

PARTICIPATION HAS BEEN STATIC OR DECLINING IN MOST
MARKETS

Reasons for not sharing or commenting on the news
ALL MARKETS

SHARING IS MORE COMMON WHEN FRIENDS SHARE VIEWS ON
POLITICS
ALL MARKETS

AD-BLOCKING ON HOLD
43% have temporarily disabled their
ad-blocker specifically for news
24% regularly use software
to block ads
7% block
on mobile devices

POLITICAL FOLLOWING ON SOCIAL MEDIA
% of Social Media users that follow politicians

53
UK: NEWS BRANDS USED LAST WEEK
BBC reaches over 70% across radio and TV. Guardian, Mail and Huffington Post attract readers online

54
UK: AUDIENCE MAP, BRAND ATTRIBUTES AND BUSINESS ISSUES

55
UK: SOURCES, DEVICES AND TRUST

56
AUSTRIA: NEWS BRANDS USED LAST WEEK

57
AUSTRIA: AUDIENCE MAP, BRAND ATTRIBUTES AND BUSINESS
ISSUES

58
AUSTRIA: SOURCES, DEVICES AND TRUST

59
BELGIUM: NEWS BRANDS USED LAST WEEK

60
BELGIUM: BRAND ATTRIBUTES, TRUST AND BUSINESS ISSUES

61
BELGIUM: SOURCES AND DEVICES

62
CROATIA: NEWS BRANDS USED LAST WEEK

63
CROATIA: AUDIENCE MAP, BRAND ATTRIBUTES
AND BUSINESS ISSUES

64
CROATIA: SOURCES, DEVICES AND TRUST

65
CZECH REPUBLIC: NEWS BRANDS USED LAST WEEK

66
CZECH REPUBLIC: AUDIENCE MAP, BRAND ATTRIBUTES AND
BUSINESS ISSUES

67
CZECH REPUBLIC: SOURCES OF NEWS, TRUST

68
DENMARK: NEWS BRANDS USED LAST WEEK

69
DENMARK: AUDIENCE MAP, BRAND ATTRIBUTES AND BUSINESS
ISSUES

70
DENMARK: SOURCES, DEVICES AND TRUST

71
FINLAND: NEWS BRANDS USED LAST WEEK

72
FINLAND: AUDIENCE MAP, BRAND ATTRIBUTES, BUSINESS NEWS

73
FINLAND: SOURCES, DEVICES AND TRUST

74
FRANCE: NEWS BRANDS USED LAST WEEK

75
FRANCE: AUDIENCE MAP, BRAND ATTRIBUTES AND BUSINESS
ISSUES

76
FRANCE: SOURCES, DEVICES AND TRUST

77
GERMANY: NEWS BRANDS USED LAST WEEK

78
GERMANY: AUDIENCE MAP, BRAND ATTRIBUTES AND BUSINESS
ISSUES

79
GERMANY: SOURCES, DEVICES AND TRUST

80
GREECE: NEWS BRANDS USED LAST WEEK

81
GREECE: AUDIENCE MAP, BRAND ATTRIBUTES AND BUSINESS
ISSUES

82
GREECE: SOURCES, DEVICES AND TRUST

83
HUNGARY: NEWS BRANDS USED LAST WEEK

84
HUNGARY: AUDIENCE MAP, BRAND ATTRIBUTES AND BUSINESS
ISSUES

85
HUNGARY: SOURCES, DEVICES AND TRUST

86
IRELAND: NEWS BRANDS USED LAST WEEK

87
IRELAND: AUDIENCE MAP, BRAND ATTRIBUTES AND BUSINESS
ISSUES

88
IRELAND: SOURCES, DEVICES AND TRUST

89
ITALY: NEWS BRANDS USED LAST WEEK

90
ITALY: NEWS BRANDS USED LAST WEEK

91
ITALY: AUDIENCE MAP, BRAND ATTRIBUTES AND
BUSINESS ISSUES

92
NETHERLANDS: NEWS BRANDS USED LAST WEEK

93
NETHERLANDS: AUDIENCE MAP, BRAND ATTRIBUTES AND
BUSINESS ISSUES

94
NETHERLANDS: SOURCES, DEVICES AND TRUST

95
NORWAY: NEWS BRANDS USED LAST WEEK

96
NORWAY: AUDIENCE MAP, BRAND ATTRIBUTES AND BUSINESS
ISSUES

97
NORWAY: SOURCES DEVICES AND TRUST

98
PORTUGAL: NEWS BRANDS USED LAST WEEK

99
POLAND: AUDIENCE MAP, BRAND ATTRIBUTES AND BUSINESS
ISSUES

100
POLAND: SOURCES, DEVICES AND TRUST

101
PORTUGAL: NEWS BRANDS USED LAST WEEK

102
PORTUGAL: AUDIENCE MAP, BRAND ATTRIBUTES AND BUSINESS
ISSUES

103
PORTUGAL: AUDIENCE MAP, BRAND ATTRIBUTES AND BUSINESS
ISSUES

104
ROMANIA: NEWS BRANDS USED LAST WEEK

105
ROMANIA: AUDIENCE MAP, BRAND ATTRIBUTES AND BUSINESS
ISSUES

106
ROMANIA: AUDIENCE MAP, BRAND ATTRIBUTES AND BUSINESS
ISSUES

107
SLOVAKIA: NEWS BRANDS USED LAST WEEK

108
SLOVAKIA: AUDIENCE MAPS, BRAND ATTRIBUTES AND
BUSINESS ISSUES

109
SLOVAKIA: SOURCES, DEVICES AND TRUST

110
SPAIN: NEWS BRANDS USED LAST WEEK

111
SPAIN: AUDIENCE MAP, BRAND ATTRIBUTES AND BUSINESS
ISSUES

112
SPAIN: SOURCES, DEVICES AND TRUST

113
SWEDEN: NEWS BRANDS USED LAST WEEK

114
SWEDEN: AUDIENCE MAP, BRAND ATTRIBUTES AND BUSINESS
NEWS

115
SWEDEN: SOURCES, DEVICES AND TRUST

116
SWITZERLAND: NEWS BRANDS USED LAST WEEK

117
SWITZERLAND: TRUST, BRAND ATTRIBUTES AND BUSINESS
ISSUES

118
SWITZERLAND: SOURCES AND DEVICES

119
TURKEY: NEWS BRANDS USED LAST WEEK

120
TURKEY: BRAND ATTRIBUTES AND BUSINESS ISSUES

121
TURKEY: SOURCES, DEVICES AND TRUST

122
USA: NEWS BRANDS USED LAST WEEK

123
USA: AUDIENCE MAP, BRAND ATTRIBUTES AND BUSINESS ISSUES

124
USA: SOURCES, DEVICES AND TRUST

125
ARGENTINA: NEWS BRANDS USED LAST WEEK

126
ARGENTINA: BRAND ATTRIBUTES AND BUSINESS ISSUES

127
ARGENTINA: TRUST, SOURCES AND DEVICES

128
BRAZIL: NEWS BRANDS USED LAST WEEK

129
BRAZIL: BRAND ATTRIBUTES AND BUSINESS ISSUES

130
BRAZIL: SOURCES & DEVICES

131
CANADA: NEWS BRANDS USED LAST WEEK

132
CANADA: BRAND ATTRIBUTES AND TRUST

133
CANADA: SOURCES AND DEVICES

134
CHILE: NEWS BRANDS USED LAST WEEK

135
CHILE: BRAND ATTRIBUTES AND BUSINESS ISSUES

136
CHILE: TRUST, DEVICES AND SOURCES

137
MEXICO: NEWS BRANDS USED LAST WEEK

138
MEXICO: BRAND ATTRIBUTES AND BUSINESS ISSUES

139
MEXICO: SOURCES, DEVICES AND TRUST

140
AUSTRALIA: NEWS BRANDS USED LAST WEEK

141
AUSTRALIA: AUDIENCE MAP, BRAND ATTRIBUTES AND BUSINESS
ISSUES

142
AUSTRALIA: SOURCES, DEVICES AND TRUST

143
HONG KONG: NEWS BRANDS USED LAST WEEK

144
HONG KONG: BRAND ATTRIBUTES AND BUSINESS ISSUES

145
HONG KONG: SOURCES, DEVICES AND TRUST

146
JAPAN: NEWS BRANDS USED LAST WEEK

147
JAPAN: BRAND ATTRIBUTES AND BUSINESS ISSUES

148
JAPAN: SOURCES, DEVICES AND TRUST

149
MALAYSIA: NEWS BRANDS USED LAST WEEK

150
MALAYSIA: BRAND ATTRIBUTES AND BUSINESS ISSUES

151
MALAYSIA: SOURCES AND DEVICES

152
SINGAPORE: NEWS BRANDS USED LAST WEEK

153
SINGAPORE: BRAND ATTRIBUTES AND BUSINESS ISSUES

154
SINGAPORE: SOURCES, DEVICES AND TRUST

155
SOUTH KOREA: NEWS BRANDS USED LAST WEEK

156
SOUTH KOREA: BRAND ATTRIBUTES AND BUSINESS ISSUES

157
SOUTH KOREA: SOURCES, DEVICES AND TRUST

158
TAIWAN: NEWS BRANDS USED LAST WEEK

159
TAIWAN: BRAND ATTRIBUTES AND BUSINESS ISSUES

160
TAIWAN: SOURCES, DEVICES AND TRUST

Digital News Report
2017
More information at
digitalnewsreport.org
@risj_oxford | #DNR17

Digital News Report 2017

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Editor's Notes