2. Post harvest diseases destroy 10-30 per cent of the
total crop yield
In some perishable crops ›30 per cent
3. Post harvest diseases develop on plant produce
during harvesting, grading and packing
During transportation to market/ consumer
While in possession of the consumer until the actual
consumption
4. SYMPTOMS
Great losses are usually caused to
Fresh fruits and vegetables
Grains and legumes
5. ASPERGILLUS, PENICILLIUM, ERWINIA, MONILINIA,
ZYGOMYCETES, AND SCLEROTINIA DISEASES
Aspergillus ear rot of corn, caused by Aspergillus
flavus
Infection under storage condition
6. Storage fungi emerging from embryos of wheat seed
incubated in a moist atmosphere.
(Aspergillus spp. & Penicillium spp.)
7. Concealed damage (yellow mold
and aflatoxin) in peanut seeds
split in half to reveal
sporulating Aspergillus flavus.
Sporulation of Aspergillus
flavus
on a peanut kernel
8. Black mold on an onion bulb, caused
by Aspergillus niger and other fungi
9. Penicillium ear rot of corn.
(Penicillium spp.)
Penicillium ear rot of corn,
caused by P. oxalicum
10. Blue mold on citrus, with heavy
sporulation of Penicillium italicum.
Several stages of green mold on sweet
oranges. (Penicillium digitatum)
Decay of garlic cloves, caused by Penicillium hirsutum
11. ERWINIA SPP.
Stem rot of Aloë vera, caused by Erwinia chrysanthemi,
resulting in a complete loss of the plant
12. Soft rot of crisphead lettuce, caused by
Erwinia carotovora subsp. carotovora.
Soft rot on lettuce crown, caused by
Erwinia carotovora pv. carotovora
Bacterial soft rot of tomato, caused by Erwinia spp.
13. Purple stain of papaya caused by Erwinia herbicola
showing bright purple speckling that fades to a greenish yellow
a few hours after fruits are cut open
15. 1. Rhizopus rot of grape,
caused by Rhizopus
arrhizus
2. Rhizopus soft rot of papaya
caused by Rhizopus stolonifer.
3. Choanephora fruit rot of summer squash, caused by
Choanephora cucurbitarum.
18. Sclerotinia rot on pea pods showing
mycelial mat is about to become a
large, black sclerotium. (S.
sclerotiorum)
Pea seed contaminated with
sclerotia S. sclerotiorum.
Sclerotia of S. sclerotiorum inside a soybean
19. Sclerotinia rot of melon, caused by S. Sclerotiorum; Sclerotinia stem rot of tomato
Sclerotia of S. Sclerotiorum in tomato stem
20. White mold on bean pods, caused by Sclerotinia
sclerotiorum.