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KUVEMPU UNIVERSITY
SIR M V GOVERNMENT SCIENCE COLLEGE
BOMMANAKATTE—BHADRAVATHI.
A SEMINAR TOPIC ON:
“SOLID STATE"
SUBMITTED TO ,
THE CHAIRMAN,
DEPARTMENT OF P.G STUDIES CHEMISTRY .
M.Sc., CHEMISTRY .
SUBMITTED BY,
POOJA T S
Ist MSC-GC.

KUVEMPU UNIVERSITY
SIR M V GOVERNMENT SCIENCE COLLEGE
BOMMANAKATTE—BHADRAVATHI.
A SEMINAR TOPIC ON:
“SOLID STATE"
SUBMITTED TO ,
THE CHAIRMAN,
DEPARTMENT OF P.G STUDIES CHEMISTRY .
M.Sc., CHEMISTRY .
SUBMITTED BY,
POOJA T S
Ist MSC-GC.

SUPERCONDUCTIVITY

INDEX
 Introduction
 General properties
 Application
 Magnetic materials
 Conclusion
 Reference

Introduction:
 Superconductivity is a phenomenon of exactly zero
electrical resistacritical xpulsion of magnetic feilds
occurring in certain material when cooled below a
characteristic critical temperature.
 Superconductivity was discovered by Dutch physicist heike
kamerlingh ones on April 8,1911.
 They conduct electricity more efficiency than other
conductors due to the resistance.

General properties:
 Virtually zero electrical resistance.
 Perfect diamagnetic property
 Critical field depends upon temperature of
superconductivity material
 Heavy current effect destroys superconductivity properties.
 At very high pressure critical temperature is directly
proportional to pressure.

Advantages:
 Magnetic levitation
 Power and cost efficient
 Beneficial applications in Medical imagine techniques.
Disadvantages:
 Very low critical temperature
 Extremely brittle
 Not applicable for consumer electronics

Applications:
 Maglev (derived from magnetic levitation) is a transport
method that magnetic levitation to move vehicles without
making contact with the ground
 Maglev Train also called magnetic levitation train or
maglev , a ting vehicle for land transportation that is
supported by either electromagnetic attraction or repulsion

Magnetic material:
Paramagnetic
 It is a substance or body which very weakly attracted by the
poles of a magnet, but not retaining any permanent
magnetism
 These have relative permeability slightly greater than unity
and are magnetized slightly.
 Example At,Pt,Ca,O2 are such materials.

Diamagnetic:
 Those substance which are weakly repelled by the external
magnetic field are known as diamagnetic
 Susceptibility is negative.
 Example are bismuth silver, copper

Ferromagnetic:
 Retains magnetism even when external field is removed
because of the parallel alignment of the electron moment.
 It have large, positive susceptibility to an external magnetic
field.
 Ferromagnetism is the basic method in which a compound
form a permanent magnet or is attract to a magnetic field.
 Example iron, nickel, Cobalt.

Antiferromagnetic:
Antiferromagnetic occurs when electrons are arranged in
the same direction, but the opposite direction. In this way if
they have the same absolute value, as we said before They
cancel each other out and different it decreases.
 Antiferromagnetic material have a zero net magnetic
moment

Conclusions:
 Superconductivity is a phenomenon of exactly zero electrical resistance
 Heavy current effect destroys superconductivity properties
 The each material has its own critical temperature
 Para magnetism they are attracted towards the magnetic field
 Diamagnetism they are repelled from the magnetic field
 Ferromagnetism they form a magnet

References:
 Solid State Chemistry
author: D K Chakrabarty
PROFESSOR EMERITUS
 First edition – 1996
 By google:-
https//www.vedantu.com/physics/superconductivity

THANK YOU