4. place of
articulation
Manner
of articulation
Bilabial
Labio
dental
Dental Alveoler
Alveoler
-palatal
Palatal Velar Glottal
English/Indo E I E I E I E I E I E I E I E I
Plosive Vd b p d d g g
Vl p t t k k ? ?
Fricative Vd v ð z z ʒ h h
Vl f f θ S s ∫
Affricate Vd j dʒ
Vl c t∫
Lateral Vd l l
Nasal Vd m m n n ny ŋ ŋ
Semi Vowel
Vd w w r j j
Chart Consonants
5. Affricate are consonant that are
formed by stopping the flow of
air somewhere in the vocal
apparatus, and then releasing the
air relatively slowly so that a
friction sound is produced.
Affricate
10. FRICATIVE
ENGLISH
English Fricative go in
2 pair
- Voiced, and
- Voiceless
Labiodental /f/ and /v/
Dental /Ɵ/ and /ð/
Alveolar /s/ and /z/
Alveo-palatal /ʃ/ and
/ʒ/
Glotal /h/
INDONESIA
In Indonesia there
are only 3 Fricative
and all of which
are voiceless
/f/ , /s/ ,/h/
11. /F/ WITH /P/ AND /Z/ WITH /S/ OR /ʤ/
ENGLISH
Enough : /ɪnʌf/
Zip : /zɪp/
Zero : /zɪərəʊ/
INDONESIA
Enough : /ɪnʌp/
Zip : /sɪp/ or
/ʤɪp/
Zero : /sɪro/ or
/ʤɪro/
12. / V , Ɵ , Ð , Z , Ʃ , Ʒ /
ENGLISH
/v/ -> /f/ or /w/
Very : /verɪ/
/Ɵ/ -> /t/ or /s/
Three : /Ɵrɪ:/
/ð/ -> /d/
The : /ðə/
INDONESIA
/v/ -> /f/ or /w/
Very : /ferɪ/ or /werɪ/
/Ɵ/ -> /t/ or /s/
Three : /trɪ/ or
/srɪ/
/ð/ -> /d/
The : /də/
13. / V , Ɵ , Ð , Z , Ʃ , Ʒ /
ENGLISH
/z/ -> /s/ or /ʤ/
Zero : /zɪərəʊ/
/ʃ/ -> /s/
She : /ʃɪ:/
/ʒ/ -> /s/ or /ʤ/
Pleasure : /pleʒə(r)/
INDONESIA
/z/ -> /s/ or /ʤ/
Zero : /sɪro/ or /ʤɪro/
/ʃ/ -> /s/
She : /sɪ/
/ʒ/ -> /s/ or /ʤ/
Pleasure : /plesə/ or
/pledʒə/
14. Lateral are a consonant sounds are
produced by rising the tip of the
tongue against the roof of the mouth
so that the airstream flow pass one
or both said of the mouth
LATERAL
19. Semi-Vowels are consonant
sounds where the tongue approach
the roof of the mouth, so that there
is not enough obstruction to create
any friction.
Semi-vowels
20. SEMI VOWELS
ENGLISH
Voiced /w/
Hour /αʊər/
Who /hυ:/
Watch /wɒt/
Voiced /j/
Young /jΛɳ/
Use /jυ:z/
Yellow /jeləʊ/
INDONESIAN
Voiced /w/
Pulau
Kalau
Walau
Voiced /j/
Pakai
Santai
Mulai
21. PROBLEM IDENTIFICATIONS
Indonesian learner usually have a problem only
when /j/ occurs after /h/ because /j/ is never in that
position in Indonesian.
Example:
Huge /hju:ʤ/
Human /hju:mən/
Humorist /hju:mərist/
22. NASALS
ENGLISH
Nasal Consonant are :
Bilabial : /m/
(voiced)
Alveolar : /n/ (voiced)
Velar : /ŋ/
(voiced)
Example :
Sing : /sɪŋ/
Wing : /wɪŋ/
INDONESIA
Nasal Consonant are :
Bilabial : /m/
(voiced)
Alveolar : /n/ (voiced)
Velar : /ŋ/ (voiced)
Palatal : /ñ/
Example :
/ ŋantuk/
/ ŋuʤi/
/ ŋgambar/
23. CONSONANT CLUSTER
INDONESIA
a) Consonant Cluster consist of only 2 consonant
- 2nd consonant is /r/ or /l/
/krupuk/ /plinplan/ /blimbing/ /trampil/
- 1st consonant is a nasal and the 2nd is a plosive
produced at the same point of articulation
/ngaji/ /ntar/ /mbantu/ /ndidik/
b) /str/ is the only Consonant Cluster in Indonesia
which consist of 3 consonant.
Example : /struktur/ /struk/
24. CONSONANT CLUSTER
ENGLISH
English Consonant Cluster are more varied and do not only
occur before a vowel.
Stupid Watch
Fifth Month
- Indonesia Learners difficult to say and usually insert the
schwa /ə/ between the consonant in the cluster
Example:
Splendid
Watched
Judge
25. SUMMARY
There are different production
between consonant English and
consonant Indonesian, so it is
make some errors