This document outlines the key components of a research design, which provides the overall plan for conducting research. It discusses 13 components that make up an effective research design: 1) introduction, 2) statement of the problem, 3) reference to previous studies, 4) objectives of the study, 5) definition of concepts, 6) hypothesis, 7) designing the experiment, 8) limitations of the study, 9) methodology and sampling, 10) processing, analysis and interpretation of data, 11) report writing and publication, 12) budget, and 13) chapter scheme. Having a well-designed research plan is important as it guides the researcher and helps ensure the study is conducted systematically and economically.

1. COMPONENTS OF
RESEARCH DESIGN
G.REKA
M.Phil research scholar,
department of commerce,
Jamal Mohamed college ,
Trichy - 20

2. RESEARCH
•The purpose of research is to discover
answers to questions through the
application of scientific procedures.
•Redman and Mory has explained
research as ‘’systematized effort to gain
new knowledge’’

3. RESEARCH DESIGN
•A research design is the overall plan or
programme of research. It is the general
blueprint for the collection, measurement and
analysis of data.
•According to P.V.Young; ‘’research design is the
logical and systematical planning and directing of
a piece of research’’
•Research design is nothing but a scheme of
work to be undertaken by a researcher at
various stages

4. NEED FOR RESEARCH
DESIGN
1. Answers to various questions
2. Act as a guide post
3. Helps to carry-out economically
4. Avoid future failure

5. COMPONENTS OF RESEARCH
DESIGN
1. Introduction
2. Statement of the problem
3. Reference to previous studies made
4. Objectives of the study
5. Definition of concepts
6. Hypothesis

6. 7. Designing the experiment
8. Limitations of the study
9. Methodology and sampling
10. Processing, analysis and
interpretation
11. Report writing and publication
12. Budget
13. Chapter scheme

7. 1. Introduction
 In the introduction, the
researcher has to introduce the
subject and relevant information
relating to the topic of research.
Introduction should not be too
lengthy.

8. 2. Statement of the problem
 The researcher must point out the
reason or reasons for choosing
the particular problem for the
research study.

9. 3. Reference to previous studies
made
Referring previous studies can help
the researcher to locate a course of
action for his study based on the
earlier studies.

10. 4. Objectives of the study
The objective must be framed
bearing in mind the topic of
research. In other words , the
objectives must elaborate the title
and must indicate in its wordings
the things to be investigated
further.

11. 5. Definition of concepts
The important concepts that
appear frequently in the study must
be explained. These concepts, may
relate to the title of research or the
objectives or with the analysis.

12. 6. Hypothesis
A researcher can include
hypothesis in the study or he can
omit hypothesis. But once
hypothesis is included, it must be
tested. Through this test, it can be
proved or disproved.

13. 7. Designing the experiment
 This step is very important in
experimental research. It is on the
effectiveness of this step that the
ultimate reliability and validity of
research findings depend.

14. 8. Limitations of the study
 A study as well as the researcher
is subject to limitations of time,
cost, sample, etc. while
interviewing respondents, he has
to face difficulties. Eliciting of
responses may be difficult. The
researcher can point out such
limitation in his report.

15. 9. Methodology and sampling
 Under this heading the researcher has
to state the method of research followed
for his study and the tools and
techniques of research used to collect
data. The number of scheduled
prepared and the way in which data
have been collected could also be
explained. Method of sample that has
been followed for the study at various
stages must also be mentioned. The
researcher can give the sampling frame
mentioning how he has arrived at the

16. 10. Processing, analysis and
interpretation
 A collected data need to be
checked for their inconsistencies
or in accuracies. They are then
analyzed and interpreted. This
involves selection of appropriate
statistical techniques.

17. 11. Report writing and
publication
 This is the ultimate step which
should describe the target
audience, style and content of the
research report.

18. 12. Budget
 Though budget does not have a
place in all research designs it
must find a place in research
projects aided by various
sponsoring agencies. Time
budget as well as cost budget
must find separate place in the
budget. The budget aids the
researcher to complete the project
within the stipulated cost.

19. 13. Chapter scheme
 Last item of the research design is the
chapter scheme. The number of
chapters that the study contains and
name of each chapter must be
mentioned. The basis for the chapter
scheme must include main findings
prominently in independent chapters.
The last chapter must always are
findings, conclusions and suggestions.