1. MODULE 1 :
• BASIC CONCEPTS OF SPORTS
• COMPONENTS OF PHYSICAL FITNESS
• CLASSIFICATION OF SPORT

2. BASIC CONCEPTS OF SPORTS
(Ryan)

3. Exercise or Physical activity:
Includes anything that gets you moving
Eg: Walking, dancing, or
working in the yard.
Sports: It is all forms of
competitive physical activity

4. COMPONENTS OF PHYSICAL
FITNESS
SKILL RELATED
involves skills that will enhance one’s
performance in athletic or sports events

5. Speed: The ability to move quickly from one point
to another in a straight line.
For example, when playing golf,
the speed of your arms and upper
body and creating the swing
are vital in driving the ball over a long
distance.

6. Reaction Speed and Time: The ability to reach
or respond quickly to what you hear, see, or feel
Responding to the gun at the start of a race,
goalkeeper saving a penalty, or a badminton
player reacting to a smash shot.

7. Balance: The ability to maintain an upright
posture while still or moving
In gymnastics and ballet where
having good balance may
prevent you being
tackled to the floor

8. Coordination: Integration with hand and/or foot
movements with the input of the senses.
Hand-eye coordination in racket sports and the
co-ordination to use the opposite arm and leg
when sprinting.

9. Power:
The ability to do strength work at an explosive pace.
For example, a sprint start, a shot-put or
javelin throw or long-jump.

10. Agility: The ability of the body to change
direction quickly
In sports such as football and rugby where the player with
the ball dodges a defender,or in badminton or
tennis, moving around the court quickly to reach the
shuttlecock/ball in time.

11. COMPONENTS OF PHYSICAL FITNESS
(Ryan)
HEALTH RELATED
involves skills that enable one to become
and stay physically healthy

12. Cardiovascular Fitness: The ability of the
circulatory system (heart and blood vessels) to
supply oxygen to working muscles during
exercise.

13. Body Composition: The relative percentage of
body fat compared to lean body mass
(muscle, bone, water,etc)

14. 3. Flexibility: The range of movement
possible at various joints

15. Muscular strength: The amount of
force that can be produced by a
single contraction of a muscle
Muscular endurance:
The ability of a muscle
group to continue muscle
movement over a
length of time.

16. CLASSIFICATION
OF SPORTS

17. a)
AEROBIC, ANAEROBIC, INTERM
ITTENT EXERCISE
(Ryan)

18. AEROBICS EXERCISE
• Aerobic literally means "with oxygen", and refers to the use of
oxygen in muscles' energy-generating process
• In such exercise, oxygen is used to "burn" fats and glucose in
order to produce adenosine triphosphate, the basic energy
carrier for all cells.
• Aerobic exercise includes lower intensity activities performed
for longer periods of time.
• Activities like walking, jogging, and cycling require a great deal
of oxygen to make the energy needed for prolonged exercise..

20. ANAEROBIC EXERCISE
• The term "anaerobic" means "without air" or "without
oxygen."
• Anaerobic exercise helps us increase our muscle strength and
stay ready for quick bursts of speed.
• Anaerobic exercise uses muscles at high intensity and a high
rate of work for a short period of time.
• Anaerobic exercise is typically used by athletes in non-
endurance sports to build power and by body builders to
build muscle mass.

22. INTERMITTENT EXERCISE
Intermittent Exercise alternates spurts of intensive exertion
(work interval) with periods of lower intensity activity (relief
period) or rest in one exercise session
Eg: Soccer , Basketball
Soccer players are required to alternate between various modes
of activity such as walking, standing, running, sprinting and
jumping

24. b) ENDURANCE AND
RESISTANCE EXERCISES
(Anandini)

25. ENDURANCE EXERCISE
• Activity for a long period of time
• Relies on the aerobic system for energy
• Aerobic system provides energy over long duration
• Examples : running, swimming, cycling

26. • Examples in team sports

27. Benefits of endurance exercise:
• Promotes cardiovascular health
• Strengthens joints
• Increases mental awareness
• Improves efficiency of respiratory system
• Lowers tiredness
• Increases metabolism

28. STRENGTH EXERCISE
• Muscle contraction - increases muscle mass
• Build strength and size of skeletal muscles
• Anaerobic form of exercise

29. Benefits of strength exercise:
• Improved muscle strength & tone
• Weight Management
• Improves posture
• Increases bone density
• Lowers body fat
• Boosts metabolism

30. c) ISOMETRIC AND ISOTONIC
EXERCISE. INDIVIDUAL SPORTS
(Shona)

31. ISOMETRIC EXERCISE
• Doesn't altering the length of muscles
• There is no joint movement.
• Hold a pose for as long as you can
• Don't move or put your muscle(s)
through any range of motion.
Examples would include:
1) Holding a static pushup position;
2) Holding a dumbbell in one hand
3) Pushing against an immovable object,
such as a wall.
4) Pressing the hands together

32. ISOTONIC EXERCISE
•
• Alters the length of muscles
• There is joint movement.
• Isotonic exercises involve a eccentric (lowering phase) and a
concentric (lifting phase)
• Muscles working through a range of motion.
Examples would include
Lifting weights,
swimming,
rock climbing, cycling

33. TEAM SPORTS
Hockey, Football, Cricket,
Baseball, Basketball, Volleyball,
Tennis, Water polo, Rowing, Rugby
INDIVIDUAL SPORTS
Golf, Cycling,
Sprinting,
Archery, Shot put