KARNAADA.pptx made by - saransh dwivedi ( SD ) - SHALAKYA TANTRA - ENT - 4...
Sentence emphasis and variety
2. Vary structures to give distinctive
treatment to the idea you want to
attract the attention.
Placing ideas at the beginning or the
end is a way to emphasize.
You can get the reader’s attention with
the first or last words.
3. You have to think about how you want
to make emphasis in the information you
give to the readers.
Everything they know is called old
information and it is presented before
the new information you give them.
It helps the readers to see the difference
between both, old and new, but
emphasizing the new by placing it last.
4. Short and long sentences, both mixed
provide variety as well as emphasis ,
specially if you break a pattern of short
or long sentence with a new length.
You have to think about your reader’s
needs.
You use long sentences to clarify
relationships between ideas.
5. Sound direct and honest.
They have power.
Each idea goes alone and asks for
reader’s attention.
To give another effect to your ideas try
considering them into as few words as
possible.
6. Most academic writing requires that you
fully develop your ideas and establish
relationships among them.
Show the relative importance of ideas
and the connections between them.
Coordination and subordination are
valuable tools for long sentences.
>_< Don’t overdo long sentences. A
sentence shouldn’t cover more territory
that a reader can span in a single stride.
8. simple sentence: has a single
independent clause
E.g.: Pollution is a problem
Compound sentence: has two or more
independent clauses joined either by a
comma and a coordinating conjunction
or by a semicolon.
E.g.: pollution is a problem, and its
affects every aspect of our lives.
9. Complex Sentence: has one
independent clause and one or more
dependent clause.
E.g.: because the problem continues to
grow our legislature must act before it is
too late.
Compound-complex sentence: has at
least two independent clauses and more
dependent clauses.
E.g.: pollution can be prevented , and
we must take action to stop it , because
there is no other way to survive on this
planet.
10. Should you put the main point first within
a sentence and the less important
information later? Or should you first
establish the context and then deliver
the main message?
These questions refer to rhetorical
sentence types.
When you place the main idea first , you
create a CUMULATIVE SENTENCE.
11. Othello smothers the delicate
Desdemona in a fit of anguished passion
and boiling fury.
He kills the loves most because he has
trusted the lies of the vicious lago
When you save the punch for the end ,
you create a PERIOD SENTENCE.
In a fit of anguished passion and boiling
fury , Othello smothers the delicate
Desdemona. Because he has trusted the
lies of the vicious lago , he kills the person
he loves most .
12. Cumulative sentences are common in
academic writing because they allow
you to make a point and support it then.
13. When any of the following structures is
placed at the front of a sentence , the
subject goes after the first auxiliary (a
form of HAVE or BE or a modal such as
COULD) of the independent clause. If
there is no auxiliary , the subject goes
after the main verb.
14. Adverb of extent or degree: so
antagonizing had the speaker been that
members of the audience walked out.
Negative adverb of frequency: seldom
has a verdict created such an outrage
among citizens. (ever,hardly,only once,
rarely)
Other negative adverbs or adverb
phrases: Under no circumstances should
funding for this program be cut
Conditional clauses: Only if we take
measure now will we rescue our city from
urban blight
15. When the following structures are at the
front of a sentence, the subject after
goes both the auxiliary ( if there is one )
and the main verb of the independent
clause.
ADVERB OF POSITION: Near the campsite
appeared a doe and two fawns.
COMPARATIVES : More intriguing than
the main plot of the novel are several of
the subplots
PARTICIPLES AND MODIFIERS : Lying on
my desk should be a large sealed
envelope
16. Functional sentence types :
DECLARATIVE: The number of violent
crimes committed by strangers has gone
down in the past ten years.
QUESTION : So Why has the public’s fear of
crime gone up?
EXCLAMATION : The news media
manipulate us all!
COMMAND : write The program director of
your local TV station and protest!
17. VARYING SENTENCE OPENING
Another way to get important
information into a sentence early is to
invert the expected word order. As you
edit, consider using inverted word order
for a stong special order
Standard : the land onto which they
wandered was hard to barren.
Inverted : Hard and barren was the land
onto which they wandered.