PROF TAMAKI OKABAYASHI (1).pdf

Center for Animal Disease Control/CADIC,
University of Miyazaki
20230202@BBSKP
Prof. Tamaki Okabayahshi,
Vice Director of CADIC
BRIN visiting Professor.

2022Nov@ Miyazaki
Dr. HARIMURTI NURADJI

Center for Animal Disease Control “CADIC”

In Japan Pork Broiler Beef
Market share 9.2 % 17.2 % 10.1 %
Ranking 2 2 3
Miyazaki, Japan

FMD
BL
BRDC
PED
PRRS
Avi-Flu
Outbreaks of FMD in Miyazaki, 2010
In Japan Pork Broiler Beef
Market share 9.2 % 17.2 % 10.1 %
Ranking 2 2 3
Total Economic loss USD 3 billions
1362 farmers, 297,808 animals
“The Disasters”
Why has CADIC established?

Open sore on dental pad
Vesicles
Vesicles
Peel of skin on feet (pig)
Clinical signs
•Loss of appetite
•Fever
•Lameness
•Drooling of saliva
•Vesicles
•Erosion
•Ulcer

●Lack in recognition for an entry of malignant epidemics
in the globalization
●Importance of the practical experience
●Importance to develop international education programs
●Lack of veterinarians who are practiced in the handling
of the farm animals
●Need to develop international network between
foreign countries, especially Asian countries,
on countermeasures for prevention of emerging and
transboundary infections
What we learned from FMD outbreak

Div. of Livestock Science &
Support
Div. of Infectious Diseases
Research & Inspection
Div. of International
Cooperation & Education
Current Director
Dr. Ayako Yoshida
(2021Oct.~)
Div. HEAD: Dr. Sekiguchi
Div. HEAD: Dr. Mekata
Div. HEAD: Dr. Okabayashi
Div. HEAD: Dr. Iguchi
Pathological autopsy
Div. of Disease Control
Set up of CADIC in Miyazaki since Oct.2011
Practice of epidemiology using GIS
Emergency response training
Former Director
Dr. Naoaki Misawa
(2011Oct.~)

Fac. Education
Fac. Engineering
Fac. Medicine
Fac. Agriculture
Graduate School
• Grad. Sch. of Agriculture Masters course
• Grad. Sch. of Education
• Grad. Sch. of Medicine
• Grad. Sch. of Engineering
• Interdisciplinary Grad. Sch. of Agriculture
and Engineering
• Interdisciplinary Grad. Sch. of Medicine and
Veterinary Medicine
Fac. Regional
Innovation
Hospital
Frontier Scientific Research Center
Center for Animal Disease Control

Technical development for
livestock food product
Advanced research for
disease control
Regional & international
contributions for disease control
Development of
global human resources for
leader of disease control
Based on the past experiences of trans-boundary malignant
epidemics, like FMD and HPAI…
CADIC is aiming at
INTERNATIONAL DISEASE CONTROL NETWORK
MOU
27 countries, 89 institutes
Missions of CADIC

Center for Animal Disease Control (CADIC)
October 1, 2011
Center of Livestock Research and Education
November 21, 2013

Pathological autopsy HPAI diagnosis
Emergency response training
Sampling and transfer of lab specimens
Operation in safety cabinet
Practice of epidemiology using GIS
Practice for handling of cattle
Diagnosis of rabies Lecture by a foreign researcher
Development of human resources especially for young experts

Promoting science and technology
Enhance the exchange of youths in Asian countries and Japan
who will play a crucial role in the field of science and technology.
Raising the interest of Asian youths toward the leading Japanese science
and technologies at Japanese universities
2016 IPB@UOM
International collaboration research activities

International collaboration of CADIC
JSPS Core-to-Core Program
(Asia-Africa Science Platforms)
2017Apr.-2021Mar.
Enhancement of the livestock productivity and reinforcement of
countermeasure for prevention of animal infectious diseases in
Southeast Asia by a cooperation with research bases with a hub function
Dr. Naoaki Misawa
Director of CADIC,
Dr. Pranee Rodtian
Acting Director,
OIE reference laboratory of FMD-SEA
Dr. Bambang Pontjo Priosoeryanto
Professor,
Bogor Agricultural University

Livestock Revolution in ASEAN for a Kitchen of the World:
Development of Novel Technologies Yielding Stable Livestock Production
and Food Safety
2020-2015
1. International Cooperation
2. Addressing Global Issues and Advancing Science
3. Capacity Development
Science and Technology Research Partnership
for Sustainable Development

International collaboration of CADIC
Since 2020
三澤尚明教授
CADICセンター⻑
Dr. Lerdchai
VRDC-ER所⻑
•
•
•
•
E
A
-
(
D C
三澤尚明教授
CADICセンター⻑
•
•
•
•
A
-
(
D C
Dis-contamination
system
Development of
Multiple/Rapid/High sensitive
diagnosis for livestock diseases
Simulation model
livestock diseases
Anti-FMDV drug screening
Collaboration topics in SATREPS
Monitoring system for FMDV

JSPS International meeting
2017Oct@Bangkok
Joint seminar
Workshop for
future collaboration
The 20th FAVA /The 18th IVMA Congress,
30 Oct-4 Nov 2018, Bali, Indonesia

2018Oct
Fish Quarantine and Inspection Agency (Indonesia)
＠2018Oct.
➔2021Nov. MOU

Global countermeasure against transboundary diseases
What can we do next?

Diagnosis tools from CADIC
Immunochromatography test kit
(antigen/antibody)
Multiple qRT-PCR Mobile PCR
Luciferase-linked
antibody capture assay (LACA)
Droplet Digital-PCR

Mobile Real-Time PCR “PicoGene™ PCR1100”
15 min, 7 USD / One reaction
DNA and RNA measuring anywhere
Freeze Dried PCR mastermix
Non-cold-chain transport of reagents for filed application
Same primers/probe for desktop qRT-PCR
Correlation between
Picogene and desktop-qPCR
(PCV2 virus)

https://jvi.asm.org/content/89/1/594
Tick borne diseases (TBD)

Sever Fever with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome
20221122
China in 2011
China2011
(2007~？)
Japan
2013
(2003~？)
Korea
2012~
Taiwan
2019~
Vietnam
2019~
Thailand
2020~
Pakistan
2020~
Myanmar
2020~

SFTS virus
Dabie bandavirus,
genus Bandavirus,
family Phenuiviridae
SFTS virus
L segment
M
S
L
Polymerase (RdRp)
Gc
Gn
S segment
M segment
N
NSs
Nucleoprotein
Glycoproteins
RNA
クリミアコンゴ出⾎熱
BSL4
腎症候性出⾎熱
BSL3
CCHF
HFRS
SFTS
RVF

Clinical characteristics of SFTS
https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-
981-13-9562-8_11
Age and sex distribution of the SFTS
incidence and CFRs in China.
https://www.researchgate.net/figure/Age-and-sex-distribution-of-the-
SFTS-incidence-and-CFRs-in-China_fig1_275360196
https://www.jmaj.jp/detail.php?id=10.31662%2Fjmaj.2019-0073
Japanese SFTS cases reported by month
CFR
16-27%
CFR
11.2-30%

Takahashi et al., Uirus, 65,1,2015
http://www.smsl.co.nz/Pests/Ticks+TickBorne+Diseases.html
Transmission cycle of Tick borne diseases (TBD)
https://animalbattles.wealthyblogs.com/?p=14312

Chine Korea Japan
(%) antibody PCR antibody PCR antibody PCR
cattle 28.2-73.7 26.3 ND ND 2.2 ND
pig 3.1-6 ND ND 1.7 ND ND
chicken 1-52.1 ND ND ND ND ND
goat 57-83 9.1 6.9-14.4 2-2.44 ND ND
deer ND ND 23.8 ND 25 ND
wild boar ND ND 1.9 3.7 25-51 ND
dog 6-37.9 ND 13.9 0.5 9.1-14.3 ND
cat ND ND ND 0.2-4.8 ND ND
https://www.nature.com/articles/s12276-021-00610-1.pdf改変
Prevalence of SFTSV in animals, China, Korea, and Japan
2021

Take home message
Sylvatic cycle
(tick-wild life）
Urban cycle
(tick-cat-human)
Infection cycles of SFTS from endemic areas, Miyazaki, Japan
➔Risks of epidemics in Asia

Director, Prof. Ayako Yoshida
1) Development of novel diagnosis system for food-born parasitic zoonosis
2) Epidemiology of food-born parasitic zoonosis in Japan
3) Study on the mechanisms of ascarid larval migration in host animals
Dr. Satoshi Sekiguchi
Strategy of animal infectious disease control
Bovine leukosis, BVD-MD
Dr. Hirohisa Mekata
1) Studies on bovine leukemia virus infection
2) Studies on Trypanosoma evansi infection
Dr. Kentaro Yamada
1) Studies on Rabies
2) Bio-imaging
Dr. Akatsuki Saito
1) Studies on HIV
2) ZIKA, Flavivirus,COVID-19

20230124
Prof. Tamaki Okabayashi,
Vice Director of CADIC, University of Miyazaki, Japan
Zoonotic Lessons
Emergence, Transmission, and Potential Therapeutic for the COVID-19
Pandemic Associated with the Human-Animal-Environment Interaction

http://www.oie.int/en/for-the-media/onehealth/
ヒト感染症のうち、
人獣共通感染症の
割合
新興感染症のうち、
動物に由来する感染
症の割合
毎年増える新しいヒ
トの感染症5つのうち、
3つは動物由来感染症
生物兵器応用が考え
られている病原体の
80%が動物由来

http://www.oie.int/en/for-the-media/onehealth/

COVID-19 Zoonosis or Emerging Infectious Disease?
2022/1/24 https://coronavirus.jhu.edu/map.html
https://www.enzolifesciences.com/browse/coronavirus/covid-19-
therapeutic-development/

SARS-CoV
2002
MERS-CoV
2012
SARS-CoV-2
2019
?
Bat CoV
Primary Host Intermediate Host
Origin of SARS-CoV-2 and potential transmission routes to humans.

https://www.news.com.au/technology/science/animals/miami-gorilla-tested-for-
coronavirus-after-fight-with-brother/news-story/2dcecf8ecd05d8186cd752bc9d164f21
https://www.furfreealliance.com/covid-19-
first-detected-in-european-mink-farms-a-year-
ago-ngos-and-the-public-urge-the-eu-to-act/
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2atBQBs-2xo
Risk of people spreading SARS-CoV-2 to animals

SARS-CoV
2002
MERS-CoV
2012
SARS-CoV-2
2019
?
Bat CoV
?
Primary Host Intermediate Host
Origin of SARS-CoV-2 and potential transmission routes to humans.

https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/tbed.13791 modified
Timelines of the emergence of animal CoVs in animals
IBV
1930s
TGEV
1946
FECV
CCOV
1950-1970
BCOV
1973
FIP
1976
PEDV
PRCV
1980
CROV
2003
PDCOV
2009
SARS
2002

https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/tbed.13791
Coronavirus Diseases are not EIDs in animals
PEDV, TGEV, PRCV
IBV
CCoV
FECV, FIPV
BCoV
MHV
PDCoV
CRCoV Cold-like
SARS
MERS
COVID-19
PHEV

Evolution History of the beta Coronaviruses ~Spike gene~
Homology
・BCoV vs HCoV-OC43 = 95.4%
・BCoV vs CRCoV = 97.3%

Evolution History of the beta Coronaviruses ~Spike gene~
Homology
・BCoV vs HCoV-OC43 = 95.4%
・BCoV vs CRCoV = 97.3%
1951
1899

Bovine coronavirus(BCoV)
➔Pneumoenteric virus
Bovine Coronavirus
Clinical symptom
1. Calf diarrhea
2. Winter dysentery in adult cattle
3. Respiratory infections in cattle of various ages
➔Bovine Respiratory Disease Complex(BRDC)
caused by co-infection of multiple viral and bacterial agents

BCoV infection
ICAM-1
PAFR
Bovine respiratory epithelial cells
Bovine coronavirus enhances bacterial adherence
on bovine respiratory epithelial cells
P. multocida
by upregulating expression of cellular receptors on bovine respiratory epithelial cells

BCoV produces SARS-CoV-3?
https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fvets.2021.643220/ful
OC43 PRCV

https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/tbed.13791
Attachment Factors and Receptors
SARS-
CoV-2
vs %
PED/TGEV Canine Feline PHEV BCoV Chicken PDCov
Genome 43 44 43 49 49 43 40
S protein
Nuc. 37-38 38-40 39 43 43 40 39
Amino
acid
20 20 20 29 29 22 22
Comparison of S protein identify between animal coronavirus and SARS-CoV-2

Attachment Factors and Receptors
https://www.technologynetworks.com/genomics/news/genomic-analysis-reveals-many-
animal-species-may-be-vulnerable-to-sars-cov-2-infection-338896

SARS-CoV-2 in Cattle
SARS-CoV-2
1x10^5 TCID50, IN
https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/eid/article/26/12/20-3799_article

Anti-SARS-CoV-2 approaches in University of Miyazaki, Japan
Leaf of Blue Berry
Natto DUV/ Ozone Water

20180601 岡林/大淀川/右足膝裏ふくらはぎ上部 20220603 都井岬/フラッグ
御崎馬
(2021Sep)
Tick

https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.01.28.21250676
The cumulative number of studies that collected data about tick-borne
disease
Tick borne diseases
Tick research

https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.01.28.21250676
tick-borne disease
マダニ疾患調査/研究論文数
アフリカ豚熱
バベシア症
回帰熱
バーボンウイルス
クリミア-コンゴ出血熱
エルリキア症
ハートランドウイルス
SFTS
ヒトアナプラズマ症
キャサヌル森林病
跳躍病
ライム病
地中海紅斑熱
ナイロビ羊病
Q熱
回帰熱
リケッチアペルカリ
ロッキー紅斑熱
ダニ脳炎
野兎病

Heart land virus disease
Signs and symptoms of Heartland virus disease (Heartland) are often
similar to those of other tickborne illnesses, such
as ehrlichiosis or anaplasmosis.
Fever, fatigue (feeling tired), decreased appetite, headache, nausea,
diarrhea, and muscle or joint pain.
Leukopenia, Thrombocytopenia
Lone Star tick (Amblyomma americanum)
Heartland virus is a Bandavirus first discovered as a cause of
human illness in 2009 in Missouri.
treatment with doxycycline.

Geneticrelationships among the tick-borne, mosquito-
borne, and sand-fly-borne phleboviruses.

Vectors of SFTSV infection to human
Haemaphysalis longcornis
Amblyomma testudinarium
Haemaphysalis flava
https://journals.plos.org/plosntds/article?id=10.1371/journal.pntd.0004574

SFTS in Japan
Deadly tick!!
Tick borne diseases
20220731, N=763
Miyazaki➔
Japan, 2013
(2003~？)

https://www.niid.go.jp/niid/ja/2014-02-19-09-27-24/2242-disease-
based/sa/sfts/idsc/iasr-news/4428-pr4094.html改変
SFTS detected in tick
No SFTS in tick
Not tested
SFTSV in deer and ticks, Japan
https://www.mhlw.go.jp/content/10900000/000690808

SFTSV in Miyazaki, Japan
PCR
Antibody
1/9(11.1%)
64/147(43.5%)
8/105(7.5%)
44/105(41.9%)
Around patient housing
0/20(0%) MIR12.9%
Kirino et al., Vet. Med. Sci, 2022
Sato et al., VBD, 2018
？
A. testudinarium
H. formosensis
H. kitaokai
H. hystricis
H. megaspinosa
H. flava
First isolation of SFTSV from tick in Japan

New transmission cycle of SFTS?
Cat to Human?
Human to Human?

(2022年3月31日現在)
ネコイヌ
石川県 0 1
静岡県 7 2
三重県 9 0
滋賀県 1 1
京都府 12 1
大阪府 1 0
兵庫県 2 2
和歌山県 8 1
岡山県 26 0
広島県 28 0
鳥取県 0 1
島根県 3 0
山口県 22 3
徳島県 13 1
香川県 4 0
愛媛県 16 0
高知県 14 0
福岡県 14 1
佐賀県 20 1
長崎県 93 1
熊本県 14 0
大分県 11 5
宮崎県 47 2
鹿児島県 83 1
不明 1 0
総数 449 24
First case of SFTS in Cat, 2017
SFTS incidence in cats and dogs, Japan 2017Apr-2022Mar.
Epidemic mainly in western Japan.
➔Expansion to eastern Japan?
Cheetahs died of SFTS, 2017
Cat Dog
Miyazaki➔
Dr. Maeda, NIID, Japan

Direct transmission of SFTSV from cat to human
Oral swab
1.8x104/ml
SFTSV gene copies
Serum
8.7x108/ml
Anal swab
5.6x104/ml
H9 Miyazaki 2018
H10 Miyazaki 2018
Cat Miyazaki 2018
SPL089A Yamaguchi 2013
SPL075A Kochi 2013
SPL069A Ehime 2013
SPL035A Ehime 2012
SPL107A Hiroshima 2013
SPL053A Saga 2012
SPL108A Tokushima 2013
SPL060A Tokushima 2013
SPL104A Kagoshima 2013
SPL128A MIyazaki 2014
SPL124A Miyazaki 2013
SPL010A Nagasaki 2005
SPL003A Ehime 2012
YG1 Yamaguchi 2012
KH1 Korea 2015
ArtSp Hiroshima 2017
SkrP Hiroshima 2017
SPL030A Saga 2010
SPL070A Ehime 2013
SPL120A Ehime 2012
SPL106A Ehime 2013
SPL084A Okayama 2013
SPL077A Ehime 2013
SPL117A Kumamoto 2013
SPL090A Okayama 2013
CB1 Korea 2014
SPL100A Hyogo 2013
SPL097A Hyogo 2013
HB29 China 2010
HB154 China 2011
Gangwon Korea 2012
SPL161A Wakayama 2014
SPL087A Shimane 2013
HL/Injected China 2013
JS2011-004 China 2011
100
100
100
100
100
100
76
62
29
100
100
64
100
100
54
40
100
57
32
30
100
100
100
100
100
100
99
89
100
76
100
53
100
43 99
100
100
100
97
88
58
70
39
50
67
64
46
38
0.0050
(c) L segment

* P<0.05 error bar: CI
Veterinarians
in Miyazakiki
3/90
Ordinary Citizen, Miyazaki
Hinoura et al., 2016
1/651
Ordinary Citizen, Kagoshima
Gokuden et al., 2016
1/521
Hunters
1/125
10
8
6
4
2
0
Health people from
Red Cross, Miyazaki
0/1,000
Ordinary Citizen,
Kagoshima
0/1,000
Farmers
Shinomiya et al., 2016
2/694
*
*
3.3
%
0.0
%
Infection risk assessment of SFTSV in Veterinarians
Antibody
positive
rate(%)

PROF TAMAKI OKABAYASHI (1).pdf

PROF TAMAKI OKABAYASHI (1).pdf

Recommended

Recommended

More Related Content

Similar to PROF TAMAKI OKABAYASHI (1).pdf

Similar to PROF TAMAKI OKABAYASHI (1).pdf (20)

Recently uploaded

Recently uploaded (20)

PROF TAMAKI OKABAYASHI (1).pdf