This document discusses high-precision GPS positioning for Spring developers. It covers GPS fundamentals and hardware, processing positioning data, and visualization. It describes using dual frequency GPS, consuming correction data via NTRIP, and processing NMEA data with libraries like GPSD. The document demonstrates receiving GPS data from an external receiver into a Spring Boot app using Spring Integration, exporting metrics to Prometheus and Grafana, and using QGIS and mobile apps for field data collection and visualization.

1. High-Precision GPS Positioning
for Spring Developers
@GHILLERTGUNNAR HILLERT

2. About ME
▸ Independent Software Developer
▸ Java Champion
▸ DevNexus Co-Founder
▸ OSS Committer
▸ Spring Integration, XD, Data Flow,
Java Marine API
▸ Plant Collector
2Hillert Inc.

3. Contents
▸ Fundamentals
▸ Hardware
▸ Processing of positioning data
▸ Visualization
▸ 2 Demos
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4. Why High Precision GPS?
▸ Autonomous vehicles
▸ Robotics
▸ Precision farming
▸ Drone operation
▸ Infrastructure, Biodiversity etc.
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5. Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) refers to a
constellation of satellites providing signals from space that
transmit positioning and timing data to GNSS receivers. The
receivers then use this data to determine location.
European Global Navigation Satellite Systems Agency
GNSS Defined
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6. ▸ GPS (USA)
▸ GLONASS (Russia)
▸ BeiDou (China)
▸ Galileo (EU)
▸ Satellite-based augmentation systems, e.g. QZSS (Japan), EGNOS (EU)
GNSS Systems
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7. Dual Frequency GNSS
▸ L1+L5 (GPS), E1+E5a (Galileo)
▸ “Dual-frequency GNSS on Android devices” by Sean Barbeau
▸ US Device support in 2020 is still spotty
▸ Check phone support with the OSS app GPSTest (Android)
▸ My own experience: better but not amazing (OnePlus 8 Pro)
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8. GNSS Accuracy Compared
OnePlus One
OnePlus 8 Pro
U-Blox
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9. We Can Do Better With Correction Data
▸ Incorporating correction data is key!
▸ Real Time Kinematic (RTK) positioning
▸ Rover + Base Station
▸ Base station should see the same errors (10-40km)
▸ Other correction services exist, e.g. PPP-RTK, PPP
▸ Relative Accuracy versus Absolute Accuracy
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10. How To Consume Correction Data?
▸ NTRIP == RTK over the internet
▸ Eliminates the need for base station
▸ Networked Transport of RTCM via Internet Protocol
▸ RTCM == Radio Technical Commission for Maritime
▸ Manually post-process receiver data
▸ Continuously Operating Reference Stations (CORS)
▸ E.g. using RTKLIB
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11. ▸ Base Station + Rover
▸ Relatively Low Cost
▸ u-blox ZED-F9P module
▸ Bluetooth + Serial
▸
My Setup Base Station Rover
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12. Android
▸ Lefebure NTRIP Client
▸ Connect to external GNSS device via Bluetooth
▸ Enable Mock Locations in Android
▸ Under Developer Options
▸ "Fix type” RTK provides highest accuracy
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What About IoS?
▸ Very limited support
▸ Cannot override GPS
▸ Need custom app integration
▸ Processing of NMEA data via WIFI
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▸ NMEA 0183
▸ National Marine Electronics Association
▸ Proprietary “Standard”
▸ Text based
▸ Numerous sentence (message) types
▸ Why GPSes suck, and what to do about it
▸ Alternative: Proprietary Binary Formats
How to Process GNSS Data? $GNRMC,024429.00,A,1939.4742123,N,15556.999
$GNVTG,,T,,M,0.027,N,0.050,K,A*3D
$GNGGA,024429.00,1939.4742123,N,15556.99941
$GNGSA,A,3,01,07,03,11,22,,,,,,,,2.13,1.02,
$GNGSA,A,3,81,68,78,,,,,,,,,,2.13,1.02,1.87
$GNGSA,A,3,02,,,,,,,,,,,,2.13,1.02,1.87,3*0
$GNGSA,A,3,,,,,,,,,,,,,2.13,1.02,1.87,4*09
$GPGSV,2,1,05,01,58,154,45,03,49,030,33,07,
$GPGSV,2,2,05,22,46,064,32,1*50
$GPGSV,2,1,05,01,58,154,41,03,49,030,32,07,
$GPGSV,2,2,05,22,46,064,,6*56
$GLGSV,3,1,10,66,19,040,21,67,34,344,29,68,
$GLGSV,3,2,10,77,36,112,,78,15,167,34,81,41
$GLGSV,3,3,10,83,17,326,,88,02,169,29,1*74
$GLGSV,3,1,10,66,19,040,14,67,34,344,26,68,
$GLGSV,3,2,10,77,36,112,20,78,15,167,38,81,
$GLGSV,3,3,10,83,17,326,,88,02,169,33,3*7D
$GAGSV,2,1,07,02,22,138,40,05,02,059,,07,12
$GAGSV,2,2,07,15,,,35,18,29,218,38,25,18,08
$GAGSV,2,1,06,02,22,138,30,05,02,059,,07,12
$GAGSV,2,2,06,18,29,218,30,25,18,085,,2*79
$GBGSV,1,1,00,*47
$GBGSV,1,1,00,*47
$GNGLL,1939.4742123,N,15556.9994168,W,02442
$PUBX,00,024429.00,1939.4742123,N,15556.999
$PUBX,03,22,1,U,154,58,45,064,3,U,030,49,33
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💩

15. Libraries for Processing GNSS Data
▸ Gpsd
▸ Daemon for Unix-like systems
▸ Defines JSON-based request/response protocol
▸ Java Marine API - https://github.com/ktuukkan/marine-api
“If the GPSD project ever
needs a slogan, it will be
'Hide the ugliness!’”
Source: gpsd
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16. Connecting to External GPS Receivers
▸ Typically Bluetooth or USB
▸ nrjavaserial
▸ Under active development, fork of RXTX
▸ Bluecove (JSR-82, Java APIs for Bluetooth)
▸ Side note - Non-serial USB
▸ usb4java - JSR 80 compliant (OLD!)
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17. DEMO
GNSS NMEA
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Application
▸ Spring Boot
▸ nrjavaserial (USB), Bluecove (Bluetooth)
▸ Spring Integration
▸ Enterprise Integration Pattern (EIP)
▸ Micrometer
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NMEA Input Channel
Header Enricher
GS
Service Activator Service Activator
GSA
Service Activator
GGA
Service Activator
GS Aggregator
GS GGAGSA
NMEA Senten e ran or er
Senten e Channel
Header a ue o ter

19. Hillert Inc.
Micrometer + Prometheus + Grafana
▸ A fun way to create a UI (Dashboard)
▸ Micrometer - application metrics facade
▸ Hibernate for Metrics (Prometheus, Humio, Wavefront etc.)
▸ Simple to use in Spring Boot apps
▸ Prometheus - time series database / monitoring system
▸ Grafana - Monitoring + Dashboarding
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QGIS
▸ Geographic Information System
▸ “Painting” with GNSS Coordinates
▸ The OSS “IDE” for GIS People
▸ https://github.com/qgis/QGIS
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Field Surveys With Mergin and Input
▸ Create Forms and Data Collection Model in QGIS
▸ Run Input on your mobile device
▸ Automatic synchronization using Mergin
▸ Android and IoS support
▸ Alternative option QField
▸ Advice: Take pictures with Open Camera (OSS)
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22. DEMO
PLANTS
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Demo
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CSV
univocity
GeoJSON

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Thank YOU!
▸ Follow me @ghillert or connect via LinkedIn
▸ Additional information + Hardware Parts List
▸ https://www.hillert.com/
▸ Source Code
▸ https://github.com/ghillert/s1-2020-plants-demo
▸ https://github.com/ghillert/gnss-nmea-demo
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