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Online health seeking How Social Networks Can be Health Communities NAHSL Conference - Libraries in Balance October 25, 2010 Newport, R.I. Lee Rainie: Director, Pew Internet Project

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October 22, 2010 Apology Revolution 1 Internet and broadband

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Impact of internet revolution <ul><li>Volume, velocity, variety of info increase </li></ul><ul><ul><li>Long tail, passions/distractions </li></ul></ul><ul><li>The “people formerly known as the patients/audience” become publishers and broadcasters – and pundits/critics </li></ul><ul><ul><li>2/3 of online adults and 3/4 of online teens are content creators </li></ul></ul><ul><li>The “Daily Me” and “Daily Us” emerges as people customize info flows </li></ul><ul><ul><li>>50% of adults customize digital info </li></ul></ul>

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October 22, 2010 Apology Revolution 2 Wireless connectivity

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Cell phone owners – 85% adults 96% 90% 85% 58%

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Mobile internet connectors – 57% adults 62% 59% 55%

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New cell and wireless realities <ul><li>More than 2/3 of adults and 3/4 of teens use the cloud </li></ul><ul><li>Web vs. apps struggle: 35% have apps; 24% use apps </li></ul><ul><li>Features used by cell owners </li></ul><ul><ul><li>76% take pictures </li></ul></ul><ul><ul><li>74% are texters (text overtakes talk in frequency in 2009) </li></ul></ul><ul><ul><li>39% browse internet </li></ul></ul><ul><ul><li>34% are email users </li></ul></ul><ul><ul><li>34% record videos </li></ul></ul><ul><ul><li>34% play games </li></ul></ul><ul><ul><li>33% play music </li></ul></ul><ul><ul><li>30% are IM-ers </li></ul></ul><ul><ul><li>7% participate in video calls </li></ul></ul>

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Impact of mobile revolution <ul><li>Information, media, people available anytime, anywhere, any device </li></ul><ul><ul><li>Venues and availability of people and info shift </li></ul></ul><ul><li>People “control the playlist and “make the appointments” with media </li></ul><ul><li>People’s attention to info and to others shifts </li></ul><ul><ul><li>Truncates – “continuous partial attention” </li></ul></ul><ul><ul><li>Elongates – deep dives into subjects </li></ul></ul>

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October 22, 2010 Apology Revolution 3 Social networking

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Impact of social network revolution <ul><li>Tech social networking combines with other historic trends to transform social networks </li></ul><ul><ul><li>Affluence and affordable technology, mobility, family composition and roles, labor markets/free agency, rise of DIY politics and religion </li></ul></ul><ul><li>What’s changed in social networks </li></ul><ul><ul><li>Composition - tightly-bound, close groups give way to more loosely-knit, diverse networks – more segmented and layered </li></ul></ul><ul><ul><li>Way people use them – more important in stressful environments </li></ul></ul><ul><li>Social networks are more vivid and tied to creation of information/media </li></ul><ul><ul><li>Merger of “real world” and “new media world” in a way that makes media more personal = social media </li></ul></ul>

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<ul><li>Internet </li></ul><ul><ul><li>Empowered and engaged – 61% of all adults get health info online (80% of internet users) </li></ul></ul><ul><ul><li>Participatory e-patients – 60% consume social media; 29% have contributed content </li></ul></ul><ul><ul><li>Crowdsourced via e-patients: 19% consult rankings/reviews of providers (5% post them); 18% consult reviews of hospitals (4% post them) </li></ul></ul>Each of the revolutions has changed health care searches and interactions (1)

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<ul><li>Mobile </li></ul><ul><ul><li>Real-time – 17% use mobile phone for health info; 7% have health apps on handhelds </li></ul></ul><ul><ul><li>Over-represented among young, minorities, urban residents, upper SES </li></ul></ul><ul><ul><li>NO FEMALE/MALE DIFFERENCES </li></ul></ul>Each of the revolutions has changed health care searches and interactions (2)

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<ul><li>Social network </li></ul><ul><ul><li>“ Last search”: 48% for others; 36% for self; 11% for both </li></ul></ul><ul><ul><li>Read others’ commentaries: 34% </li></ul></ul><ul><ul><li>Find others who have same condition: 18% </li></ul></ul><ul><ul><li>Get info from social networking site: 11% SNS users </li></ul></ul><ul><ul><li>Get info from Twitter: 8% of Twitter users </li></ul></ul>Each of the revolutions has changed health care searches and interactions (3)

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How online searches affect decisions (1) <ul><li>60% of e-patients say the information found online affected a decision about how to treat an illness or condition . </li></ul><ul><li>56% say it changed their overall approach to maintaining their health or the health of someone they help take care of. </li></ul><ul><li>53% say it lead them to ask a doctor new questions , or to get a second opinion from another doctor. </li></ul>

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<ul><li>49% say it changed the way they think about diet, exercise, or stress management . </li></ul><ul><li>38% say it affected a decision about whether to see a doctor. </li></ul><ul><li>38% say it changed the way they cope with a chronic condition or manage pain. </li></ul>How online searches affect decisions (2)

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What technology has done to social networks and the role librarians can play in them <ul><li>Made it possible for experts like librarians to become “nodes” in people’s networks that can help them solve problems and make decisions </li></ul><ul><li>Allowed for immediate, spontaneous creation of networks that can include librarians </li></ul><ul><li>Given people a sense that there are more “friends” their networks like librarians that they can access when they have needs </li></ul>June 25, 2010

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The networked world of e-patients <ul><li>What providers are good for </li></ul><ul><li>Diagnosis / treatments </li></ul><ul><li>Prescriptions </li></ul><ul><li>Recommendation for specialist </li></ul><ul><li>Recommendation for hospital </li></ul><ul><li>Info on alternative treatments </li></ul><ul><li>What others are good for </li></ul><ul><li>Emotional support </li></ul><ul><li>Practical advice for day-to-day coping </li></ul><ul><li>Recommendation for quick remedy for everyday issue </li></ul>

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Implications for librarians – 1 <ul><li>Reasons to re-vision your role in a world where much has changed </li></ul><ul><li>- Everyone’s access to information is easier </li></ul><ul><li>Value of information is in flux </li></ul><ul><li>Curating information means more than maintaining collections </li></ul><ul><li>Creating media is easier – so, networked creators can be your allies </li></ul><ul><li>Established scientific methods are being challenged and there is a public yearning for trusted “tour guides” </li></ul>June 25, 2010

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Implications for librarians – 2 <ul><li>You can help teach new literacies </li></ul><ul><li>- screen literacy - graphics and symbols </li></ul><ul><li>- navigation literacy </li></ul><ul><li>- connections and context literacy </li></ul><ul><li>- skepticism </li></ul><ul><li>- value of contemplative time </li></ul><ul><li>- how to create content </li></ul><ul><li>- ethical behavior in new world </li></ul>June 25, 2010

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What social networks do for patients: Why librarians can be “nodes” <ul><li>Attention – act as sentries </li></ul><ul><ul><li>alerts, social media interventions, pathways through new influencers </li></ul></ul><ul><li>Assessment – act as trusted, wise companion </li></ul><ul><ul><li>help assess the accuracy of info, timeliness of info, transparency and rigor of info </li></ul></ul><ul><li>Action – act as helpful producers/enablers </li></ul><ul><ul><li>help give people outlets for expression, interpretation of their creations </li></ul></ul>

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Good news about new info ecology <ul><li>Have you or has anyone you know been HELPED by following medical advice or health information found on the internet? </li></ul><ul><li>Major help – 10% </li></ul><ul><li>Moderate help – 20% </li></ul><ul><li>Minor help – 11% </li></ul><ul><li>No help – 50% </li></ul><ul><li>Don’t know – 4% </li></ul><ul><li>Have you or has anyone you know been HARMED by following medical advice or health information found on the internet? </li></ul><ul><li>Major harm – 1% </li></ul><ul><li>Moderate harm – 1% </li></ul><ul><li>Minor harm – 1% </li></ul><ul><li>No harm – 94% </li></ul><ul><li>Don’t know – 3% </li></ul>41% 3%

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Be not afraid