1.
Digital Divides 2016
Lee Rainie
Director Internet, Science and Technology Research
7.14.16
IGF-USA

2.
Non-partisan, independent, non-advocacy, no policy
positions

3.
July 14, 2016 www.pewresearch.org 3
Household income

4.
July 14, 2016 4www.pewresearch.org
Internet users by household income (Pew Research 2016)
87
78
87 94 98 96 99
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
All adults <$30K $30K-$50K $50K-75K $75K-$100K $100K-$150K >$150K

5.
July 14, 2016 5www.pewresearch.org
Internet users over time by household income (Pew
Research)
34
36
39
41
44
48
52
58
54
60 61
64
71 72
74 74
58
60
64
66
68
71
75 74
78 79 80
85
87 86
86 89
72
75 76
81
83
85 86 86
88
92
88
90
93 93 93
96
81
84 85
87 88
91 92 93
95 95 95
97 97 97 96 97
0
20
40
60
80
100
2000 2005 2010 2015
Less than $30K $30K-$49,999 $50K-$74,999 $75K+
%

6.
July 14, 2016 6www.pewresearch.org
Home broadband users by household income (Pew Research
2016)
67
45
68
81
90 87 88
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
All adults <$30K $30K-$50K $50K-75K $75K-$100K $100K-$150K >$150K

7.
July 14, 2016 7www.pewresearch.org
Mobile connectors by household income (Pew Research 2016)
77
67 73
83 89 92 96
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
All adults <$30K $30K-$50K $50K-75K $75K-$100K $100K-$150K >$150K

8.
July 14, 2016 8www.pewresearch.org
Smartphone owners by household income (Pew Research 2016)
69
53
71 76
86 88 90
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
All adults <$30K $30K-$50K $50K-75K $75K-$100K $100K-$150K >$150K

9.
July 14, 2016 www.pewresearch.org 9
Educational attainment

10.
July 14, 2016 10www.pewresearch.org
Internet users by education (Pew Research 2016)
87
61
82
94 96
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
All adults < HS HS dip. Some coll Coll grad +

11.
July 14, 2016 11www.pewresearch.org
Internet users over time by education (Pew Research)
78
81
83
85 86
88
91 92 93 94 93 94
96 96 96 95
67 68
73
75 76
79
83
85 86 87 87
89
91 92 91 90
40
43
48
51
53
57
61
65 65
68 67
72
75 76 76
79
19
21
24 25
27
30
37
40
38
40 41
50
55
60
55
68
0
20
40
60
80
100
2000 2005 2010 2015
College+ Some college HS grad Less than HS
%

12.
July 14, 2016 12www.pewresearch.org
Home broadband users by education (Pew Research 2016)
67
22
56
75
88
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
All adults < High school HS diploma Some college College degree+

13.
July 14, 2016 13www.pewresearch.org
Mobile connectors by education (Pew Research 2016)
77
56
70
83 87
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
All adults < HS HS dip. Some coll Coll grad +

14.
July 14, 2016 14www.pewresearch.org
Smartphone owners by education (Pew Research 2016)
69
36
61
77 82
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
All adults < HS HS dip. Some coll Coll grad +

15.
July 14, 2016 www.pewresearch.org 15
Race and ethnicity

16.
July 14, 2016 16www.pewresearch.org
Internet users by race/ethnicity (Pew Research 2016)
87 89
81 81
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
All White Black Hispanic

17.
July 14, 2016 17www.pewresearch.org
Internet users by race/ethnicity over time (Pew Research)
53
57
60
63
65
68
72
75 75
79 78
81
84 85 85
87
38
40
47
50 49
53
59
64 63
69 68
73
77
79 79 79
72 73 73 74
77 77
85 84
89 90
88
91
95 95
97
46
50
58 58
61
67
73
76
74
68 70
73
79
81 81 81
0
20
40
60
80
100
2000 2005 2010 2015
White, non-Hispanic Black, non-Hispanic Asian, non-Hispanic Hispanic
%

18.
July 14, 2016 18www.pewresearch.org
Home broadband users by race/ethnicity (Pew Research 2016)
67 73
55
47
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
All White Black Hispanic

19.
July 14, 2016 19www.pewresearch.org
Mobile connectors by race/ethnicity (Pew Research 2016)
77 76 77 79
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
All White Black Hispanic

20.
July 14, 2016 20www.pewresearch.org
Smartphone owners by race/ethnicity (Pew Research
2016)
69 69 63 68
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
All White Black Hispanic

21.
July 14, 2016 www.pewresearch.org 21
Age

22.
July 14, 2016 22www.pewresearch.org
Internet use by age (Pew Research 2016)
87
97 95
83
66
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
All 18-29 30-49 50-64 65+

23.
July 14, 2016 23www.pewresearch.org
Internet use by age over time (Pew Research)
70
72
76
78 77
82
86
89 89
92 92
94
96 97 97 97
61
65
70
72
75
77
82
85 84 84 84 87
91 92 92 92
46
50
54
56
61
65
70 71 72
75 74
77
79
81 81
83
14 14
18
22
24
27
32
35
38
40
43
46
54
56 57
60
0
20
40
60
80
100
2000 2005 2010 2015
18-29 30-49 50-64 65 or older
%

24.
July 14, 2016 24www.pewresearch.org
Home broadband by age (Pew Research 2016)
67
75 74 67
47
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
All 18-29 30-49 50-64 65+

25.
July 14, 2016 25www.pewresearch.org
Mobile connectors by age (Pew Research 2016)
77
96 90
68
45
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
All 18-29 30-49 50-64 65+

26.
July 14, 2016 26www.pewresearch.org
Smartphone ownership by age (Pew Research 2016
69
91
81
60
34
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
All 18-29 30-49 50-64 65+

27.
July 14, 2016 www.pewresearch.org 27
Community type

28.
July 14, 2016 28www.pewresearch.org
Internet use by community type (Pew Research 2016)
87 89 89
80
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
All adults Urban Suburban Rural

29.
July 14, 2016 29www.pewresearch.org
Internet use by community type over time (Pew Research)
53
55
61
64 65
68
71
75 75 73
77
80
84
86 85 87
56
59
63
65
67
69
73
77 77 76
79
82
84 85 85
87
42
46
49
51
53
58
62 63 63
68
70
73 76
78 79 79
0
20
40
60
80
100
2000 2005 2010 2015
Urban Suburban Rural

30.
July 14, 2016 Census Bureau 30

31.
July 14, 2016 31www.pewresearch.org
Home broadband by community type (Pew Research 2016)
67 67 71
56
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
All adults Urban Suburban Rural

32.
July 14, 2016 32www.pewresearch.org
Mobile connectors by community type (Pew Research
2016)
77 82 78
67
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
All adults Urban Suburban Rural

33.
July 14, 2016 33www.pewresearch.org
Smartphone owners by community type (Pew Research 2016)
69 74 70
59
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
All adults Urban Suburban Rural

34.
Disability and language preference (Pew Research)
54%
41%
81%
69%
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
Use internet Broadband at
home
Those with disabilities All adults
Sept. 2010 - http://bit.ly/1b2G69P
71%
38%
86%
70%
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
Use internet Broadband at
home
Spanish preferers All adults
Sept. 2013 - unpublished

35.
July 14, 2016 www.pewresearch.org 35
Changes in
connectivity

36.
Plateauing of broadband adoption
7/14/2016 36

37.
Shift by some towards wireless connectivity
- 13% of adults have
smartphone but no
home broadband
- 15% have limited
options for going online
other than by using
smartphone
- 7% are totally
“smartphone
dependent”
15% of young adults
13% in poor h-holds
12% of blacks
13% of Latinos

38.
Older reasons why they don’t have broadband
Just not interested 21%
Don’t have a computer 13
Too difficult/frustrating 10
Don’t know how/Don’t have skills 8
Too old to learn 8
Don’t have access 7
Too expensive 6
Don’t need it / Don’t want it 6
Think it’s a waste of time 4
Physically unable (e.g. poor eyesight or disabled) 4
Too busy/Just don’t have the time 3
Worried about privacy / viruses / spam / spyware / hackers 3
Summary of reasons
Relevance (not interested + waste of time + too busy + don’t need/want) 34%
Usability (difficult/frustrating + too old + don’t know how + physically unable +
worried about virus/spam/hackers/etc.
32
Price (too expensive + don’t have computer) 19
Lack of availability / Access 7

39.
Newer reasons why they don’t have broadband

40.
Most newcomers would need assistance
Would need
someone to
help me
63%
Know enough
to go online
on my own
17%
Would not
want to start
using internet
(VOL.)
13%
DK/Ref
6%

41.
7/14/2016 41
Privacy and trust matter post-Snowden
• 30% of adults have taken
at least one step to hide
or shield their
information from
government since
revelations in June 2013
• 22% have changed the
patterns of their use of
tech platforms
• Most don’t know common
tools like Tor, PGP, do-
not-track browsers
18
17
15
15
13
13
9
25
Email accounts
Search engines
Social media sites
Cell phones
Mobile apps
Text messages
Landline phones
Those who have
changed at least one of
these

42.
Divides now involve digital skills and readiness
• 60% say this statement describes them “very well” or “somewhat
well”:
“I find it difficult to know whether the information
I find online is trustworthy.”
• 46% say this statement describes them “very well” or “somewhat
well”:
“When I get a new electronic device, I usually
need someone else to set it up or show me how
to use it.”
• 14% of internet users are not confident of their ability to do things online

43.
Thank you!
7/14/2016 43