nix-on-leap-osc22.pdf
0 likes
views
Check these out next
nix-on-leap-osc22.pdf
0 likes
views
Linux system administrators often have conflicting interests. On one hand, we would like to have a stable system that runs without a hitch for years and years on end. On the other hand, we -- and our users -- sometimes need updates. We may want to run the latest version of Firefox, LaTeX, GCC, or whatever for any number of reasons. Maybe imported features were added? Or maybe the latest version supports some new hardware that we'd like to use. Or maybe we want to exchange data with a friend who is using the latest version of some package and our old one can't process their files. Unfortunately, it's usually impossible to update a single package, because these updates often require updates of other dependencies etc. Before we know it, we're upgrading half of our installation, which is not what we want. The distribution-agnostic user-space package manager Nix solves this problem in a great way: it allows us to install any number of packages on our system so they don't interfere at all with our base system. Nix can give us the latest Firefox or GCC without changing any of the other native tools we have. We can basically have our cake and eat it too: we use the rock-solid base system provided by openSUSE Leap and take selected bleeding-edge packages from Nix without compromising our installation. In this talk, we'll go through the technical details of how Nix accomplishes this feat and discuss common use cases.
Recommended
nix-on-leap-osc22.pdf
- Nix: Bleeding-edge Packages on a Stable Base System Peter Simons <psimons@suse.com> openSUSE Conference 2022
- What is Nix? ▶ Distribution-agnostic Package Manager ▶ Nixpkgs Collection offers over 60,000 packages ▶ Builds are highly reproducible ▶ Builds are declarative ▶ NixOS exists of you want to go all in
- How to install Nix? ▶ Details are at https://nixos.org/download.html. ▶ Multi-user: sh <(curl -L https://nixos.org/nix/install) --daemon ▶ Single-user: sh <(curl -L https://nixos.org/nix/install) --no-daemon
- Install a Package ▶ nix-env -iA nixpkgs.rsync ▶ nix-shell --run zsh -p rsync ▶ nix-collect-garbage --delete-old
- All Files Live Under /nix /nix +-- store | +-- 49rdlgcawlf8xcp4g1n3phkbl31l4zfg-xz-5.2.5-bin | | +-- bin | | +-- xz | +-- 5b0k0zxvbhrybg2ynqk26cpzwb1xqa7i-xz-5.2.5-dev | | +-- include | | | +-- lzma | | | | +-- base.h | | +-- lib | | | +-- pkgconfig | | | +-- liblzma.pc
- All Files Live Under /nix /nix +-- store | +-- 46yqxs10fc5jbc7srkjxmahibd4313qp-xz-5.2.5-man | | +-- share | | +-- man | | +-- man1 | | +-- xz.1.gz | +-- 4fxqh6ggs5kwjr5fyg10k4yv6861p5hv-xz-5.2.5-doc | | +-- share | | +-- doc | | +-- xz | | +-- xz-file-format.txt
- All Files Live Under /nix /nix +-- var +-- nix +-- db | +-- db.sqlite +-- gcroots | +-- auto | +-- per-user | | +-- simons | +-- profiles -> /nix/var/nix/profiles +-- profiles | +-- per-user | +-- simons | +-- profile -> profile-2-link | +-- profile-1-link | +-- profile-2-link
- Store Paths Are Symlinked into a Profile $ nix-env -iA nixpkgs.xz.{bin,dev,man,doc} -p foo $ ls -l foo* lrwxrwxrwx simons foo -> foo-2-link lrwxrwxrwx simons foo-1-link -> /nix/store/gvydyd...-user-environment lrwxrwxrwx simons foo-2-link -> /nix/store/zxqcr3...-user-environment
- Garbage Collection Prunes Unreferenced Store Paths $ rm foo* $ nix-collect-garbage removing stale link ’/nix/var/nix/gcroots/auto/5jfkq... to ’foo-1-link’ removing stale link ’/nix/var/nix/gcroots/auto/pxah0... to ’foo-2-link’ deleting garbage... deleting ’/nix/store/zxqcr3igbnhpii1vn5g0hhjp0h1c8wq9-user-environment’ deleting ’/nix/store/gvydydb5qgsbj9gccdcxpacr0y0cwyyq-user-environment’ deleting ’/nix/store/mznyq8xfs3p0m0zhm4i9yd98qbyfvq6w-xz-5.2.5-man’ deleting ’/nix/store/9rncbp7097hd9paj7ziq42zbdf166ncm-xz-5.2.5-doc’ deleting ’/nix/store/15c2r210g2qvhsr1sm24axh5iif0jhgv-xz-5.2.5-dev’ 9 store paths deleted, 0.39 MiB freed
- Query the Nix Packages Collection $ nix-env -qaP "coreuti.*" nixpkgs.coreutils coreutils-9.0 nixpkgs.coreutils-prefixed coreutils-9.0 nixpkgs.coreutils-full coreutils-full-9.0 $ nix-env -qaP -A nixpkgs.haskell.compiler nixpkgs.haskell.compiler.ghc884 ghc-8.8.4 nixpkgs.haskell.compiler.ghc8107 ghc-8.10.7 nixpkgs.haskell.compiler.ghc902 ghc-9.0.2 nixpkgs.haskell.compiler.ghc922 ghc-9.2.2 nixpkgs.haskell.compiler.ghcHEAD ghc-9.3.20220406
- Resources ▶ Homepage: https://nixos.org/ ▶ Nix Package Manager Manual: https://nixos.org/manual/nix/stable/ ▶ Code of the Nix Packages Collection: https://github.com/NixOS/nixpkgs ▶ Using the Nix Packages Collection: https://nixos.org/manual/nixpkgs/stable/