This is the key note address that Professor Nitish Chandra Debnath gave on the 10th of February in Ahmedabad, India, during the first annual One Health Poultry Hub conference.
Brief introduction to information ecosystem x public health.pptx
Presentation 'One Health Hub Project: Its Elegance, Complexity and Change Making Potential'
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Towards safer, more sustainable poultry production
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One Health Hub Project: Its Elegance,
Complexity and Change Making Potential
(BB/S011269/1)
Prof Nitish Chandra Debnath
10 Feb 2020
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Outline
• Elegance of Poultry Hub
• Complexity and theory of Change
• Potential of making change
• Way Forward and Adopting to New Normal
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Elegance of Poultry Hub
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The Grand Challenge
Sustainable pathways for intensification of poultry meats
and egg production whilst reducing risks to human and
animal health and welfare
• Food is central to human existence. Robust food systems enable productive and vibrant
societies.
• Productive and sustainable agriculture systems lift people out of poverty and into food
security while poorly functioning food systems create food insecurity that can ignite
social and political instability.
• One Health Poultry Hub is designed with research questions to provide alternatives to
poultry sector in fast growing developing world
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Poultry : A Food Item in top attention
• Shortest crop
• Cheapest food of high quality
• Very important food item to mitigate wide spread malnutrition
• Key player in the emerging Food System in Developing World
• Highly integrated
• Public health risks including pandemic threads (AI, AMR) high
• Scope for research, innovation and extension is immense
• An excellent case for challenge approach and One Health Policy
and Practice (Farm to Pork)
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Features of Elegance
• Research Approach
• Engagement
• Learning
• Partnership
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Elegance of Research Approach
• It has identified a problem of relevant scale and importance that
the public can understand and support.
• The challenge tends to be complex and inter or transdisciplinary.
• Their solutions require teams with strong disciplinaryskills, who
also can integrate and coordinate across disciplines.
• It has strong national,regional and internationalfocuses
• And teams are formed in a manner that are more productive,
creative, innovative, and able to address complex problems than
individual researchers
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Elegance of Engagement
• A strong theme of the Theory of Change process is a recognition that the
complex challenges posed by food, nutrition and health securities, both
domestically, regionally and globally, require greater engagement with
stakeholders and local communities.
• Such problems require a new “social contract for science,” one “defined by
the problems it addresses rather than by the disciplines it employs,”
• One that is grounded in collaboration among diverse stakeholders, values
community and practitioner knowledge, and is responsive to dynamic
webs of interrelationships and non-linear behavior across human and
natural systems
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Elegance of Learning
• Learning from diverse socio-political context by engagement in
interdisciplinary work through theories, concepts, and applications,
as a means to provide a perspective that connects their disciplinary
expertise to the wider framework
• This is a training often referred to as “T” training, where the depth
in a discipline is the stem of the “T” and the knowledge and skills
that cut across relevant disciplines, are the top of the “T”.
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Partnerships for Studies, Engagement, and Learning
• A new and enhanced models of partnership between
governments, universities, research institutes across developed
and developing world
• Private sectors are actively seeking new ways to align their
agendas of sustainable business with universities, research and
government with the ultimate goal of addressing food,
nutrition and health securities at country level
• Building on existing partnership with higher in the broader
context of the challenges identified.
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POULTRY PRODUCTION AND MARKETING
SYSTEMS: BANGLADESH
Complexity
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POULTRY PRODUCTION & MARKETING
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Courtesy: Bangkok post
Food Chain
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Bangladesh
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courtesy of CIRAD (2015)
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courtesy of CIRAD (2015)
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Roles and relationships, Bangladesh
Høg et al., 2018, Biosocities
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Diseases
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2001-2010
14.3%
2011-2014
<3%
2015-2020
16%
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Source: FAOSTAT
During the period between 2007 and
2013, around 2.5 million birds were
destroyed by the disease or by culling
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Antimicrobial resistancepathogen
• Irrational use of
antibiotics in agriculture
production system
• Spreading in the
environment and altering
the microbial ecology
• Affecting human, animal
and environmental health
28. The UKRI GCRF One Health Poultry Hub OneHealthPoultry.org55 different items
55 different Antibiotic in uses at farm level
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Food Safety
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Smallholdersfarmers,agricultural market and variedconformity requirements
Traditional retail markets
and small stores
Small/ local
supermarkets
High end/ International
supermarkets
D e v e l o p i n g c o u n t r i e s
I n d u s t r i a l c o u n t r i e s
Retail markets/ Local stores
Discount supermarkets
High-End
Super markets
Level 1 Level 3Level 2 Level 4 Level 5
+ Quality grades
and varietal
preference
+ consistent
qualitiesand
quantities
+visual
inspection
Internal quality
characteristic of
products
+ basic
requirementsof
pesticides
+1st + 2nd party
inspection
Specificationfor
selected basic
standards, GAP, and
approaches to safe
pesticide uses/
storage
+2nd – and -3rd
party conformity
assessment
+Specificationfor
more advance
quite specific
process standard
with associated
greater details
record keeping
+2nd – and -3rd
party conformity
assessment
+Specification for
more advance quite
specific process, yet
implemented in the
context of highly
integrated supply
chain, quality
control and risk
management
+2nd – and -3rd
party conformity
assessment
Level 6
Visual
characteristics
+visual
inspection
Upgradingsteps
Level of sophistication of the conformity assessmentsystems
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Estimated global burden of diseases by Food- related hazard
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Socio-political Complexities
• Different laws and regulations
• Cultural attitudes
• Transboundaryissues
• Trade and Protectionism
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Theory of Change
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POTENTIAL OF MAKING CHANGE
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Small is Beautiful
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Summary:
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POULTRY AS
CHANGE MAKER
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• Informal discussion began at CVASU in 2007 to
broaden collaboration beyondAI
• Consensus developed among IEDCR,icddrb &
CVASU to promote One Health approach in
Bangladesh
• Organized several stakeholder consultations to
involve governmental and intergovernmental
organizations (UN),universities,research,NGOs
and civil societies.
• Formalize the commitment by creating One
Health Bangladesh platform to work together in
2008.
Emergence of One Health Bangladesh
6th Annual Con.
Of CVASU
adopted One
Health
Chittagong
Declaration
2008
Formation of One
Health Bangladesh
involvingall
stakeholders
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Inter-ministerialMeeting on One Health
Date 14 June 2016
Instructions
• Request ministry/ agencies to depute officers
• Develop TOR engaging OH partners
• Review and revise the OHSF
Decisions
• Establishmentof One Health Secretariat at IEDCR
with seconded officers from DGHS, DLS and BFD
• Establishmentof Inter-ministerial steering
committee,Technical Advisory Group , OHS
Coordination Committee
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One Health
Secretariat
Multisectoral
coordination
Support for Policiesand
plans development
Evidence based
advocacy and
communication
Monitoring and
evaluationtools
development
Facilitate One
Health Capacity
building
Priority research
and action plan
development
Functions of OHS
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10 conferences with
multidisciplinary
stakeholders involvement
Regular monthly
meeting of members
10annual general
meeting
1000 members
Engagement of society
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• An interdisciplinary
approach is needed to
address the complex
one health problem
Ethnography
Epidemiology
Virology
Experimental economics
Mathematical modelling
Policy review and analysis
Disease
risk
Behavioursof
farmers & traders
Poultry trade
network
BALZAC Project- set an example
Hub Project –an opportunity of acceleration !
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Characterize Poultry Production Distribution
Networks (PDNs):
BALAC project:
✓ In a small scale (mainly
broiler and deshi)
Hub project:
✓ More PDNs
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2016
2018
Chattopadhyayet al., 2017, Ecohealth
- National avian influenza and
pandemic preparedness plan
- One Health secretariat
- Working groups - biosecurity
and zoonotic policy devt
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Way Forward
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Lesson learned, adoption and impact
• Example-1, vertically integrated of poultry production system, food
safety, disease management and eco-health management
– Same across the HICs (such as Europe)
– But the systemsare not similar in LMICs (such as sub-continent); forms of
integration are more diverse and changing rapidly, creating major
challenges for governments wishing to use regulation to protect public
health
• Example-2, BALZAC project experiences
– Can be used for the hub project activities in Bangladesh and in the region
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Searching for New Model of Development
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• The hub project responsibilities
(country/regional/international level)
– Individuality, for example
• Country level theory of change (ToC)
• Impact strategy
– Based on Commonality
• Create Regional One Health forum to disseminate the hub project findings to
have an impact
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Social and behavioral
Knowledge
Health Education to
the communityand
stakeholderslevel
Economic Factors
Trading Education
Adapting a NewRegion
SpecificModel for complex
Poultry Production system
Through generating
informationby Hub
project
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Achieving Impact :Main Actors
Impact
Producers
Traders
Consumers
One Health
Professionals
High level
policy makers
Participatory role in
understandingand
changing behaviour
Finding One Health
Solutionsand effective
dissemination
Policy formulation &
active advocacy
Generating
evidence
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Achieving Impact: Networking & Collaboration
Impact
National
SDG
program
Fleming Fund
for
Combating
AMR
USAID EID
Next Gen &
similar
programs
Linking One Health
Chicken Hub Activities
with SDG programs
Networking with FF
project partners &
Leveraging activities
Leveraging and Lesson
learning
Generating
evidence on One
Health
Collaboration
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One Health Definition for Poultry Hub:
Harnessing the creative power of diversity
• Poultry Hub: Institutions, Agencies & Individuals involved in Poultry Hub
are Full of Diversity
• Countries having track record of Power of Resilience and innovations
• Some Institutions having long standing exemplary productive
collaboration (eg: CVASU, RVC & TANUVAS)
• Socio-economics of each of the countries are passing through a phase
of historical juncture
• Best time to implant new scientific culture like One Health
• Opportunities for creating One Health Champions and influencing the
regional platforms and global fora
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Challenges in Working in Diverse Environment
Dissent and
disagreement
arouse negative
feelings
Diverse teams
have less cohesion
and longevity
Social networks tend
to be homogenous
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It is hardly possible to overstate the value--- of placing
human beings in contact with persons dissimilar to
themselves, and with modes of thought and action
unlike those with which they are familiar.--- Such
communicationhas always been, and is particularly in
the present age, one of the primary source of progress.
---- John Stuart Mill, Principles of Political Economy
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Charles Darwin
once said
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THANK YOU
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