This document is an assignment on corruption in Malaysia submitted by five students. It defines corruption and discusses types of corruption including systematic, individual, political, administrative, and professional corruption. It provides examples of recent corruption cases in Malaysia, such as the arrest of a fugitive accused of corruption and disciplinary action taken against a Kuala Lumpur City Hall officer involved in a corrupt contract. It concludes by outlining some ways to reduce corruption, such as ending impunity, empowering citizens, reforming public administration, promoting transparency, and the common man being the solution.

1. INNOVATIVE INTERNATIONAL
COLLEGE
COURSETITLE : PROFESSIONALETHICS IN MALASIYA
COURSECODE : MPU2312
ASSAIGNMENT TITLE : CORRUPTIONIN MALASIYA
LECTURER’S NAME : MENAGA A/P VESUDEVAN
SUBMITTED BY:
 OMAR FARUK -2016.09.079.DHMP700
 MD MUHAIMINUL ISLAM -2016.09.064.DHMP700
 MD AYATTOLLAH RABBI -2016.09.060.DHMP700
 MD SHAKAWAT HOSSAIN -2016.09.138.DHMP700
 MD SHAHABUDDIN SAJIB -2016.09.068.DHMP700
DATE OF SUBMISSION : 28-12-2016

2. CONTENT
1.DEFINITION
2.TYPES OF CORRUPTION
3.CAUSES FOR CORRUPTION
4.EXAMPLE OF CORRUPTION
5.OUR OPINION TO STOP CORRUPTION
6.CONCLUSION

3. CORRUPTION IN MALASIYA
DEFINATION:
In philosophical, theological, or moral discussions, Corruption is spiritual or
moral impurity or deviation from an ideal. Corruption may include many activities
including bribery and embezzlement. Government, or 'political', corruption occurs when
an office-holderor other governmental employee acts in an officialcapacity forpersonal
gain.
Now-a-days corruption can be seen everywhere. It is like cancer in public life, which
has not become so rampant and perpetuated overnight, but in course of time.
When we talk of corruption in public life, it covers corruption in politics, state
governments, central governments, "business, industry and so on. Public dealing
counters in most all government offices are the places where corruption most evident. If
anybody does not pay for the work it is sure work won't be done.
People have grown insatiable appetite for money in them and they can go to any extent
to get money. Undoubtedly they talk of morality and the importance of value-based life
but that is for outer show. Their inner voice is something else.
It is always crying for money. It has been seen the officers who are deputed to look into
the matters of corruption turn out to be corrupt. Our leaders too are not less corrupt.
Thus the network of corruption goes on as usual and remains undeterred.
Corruption is seen even in the recruitment department where appointments are ensured
through reliable middle agencies. Nexus between politicians and bureaucrats works in a
very sophisticated manner. Nexus does also exist between criminals and police.
Everybody knows that criminals have no morals, hence nothing good can we expect
from them. But police are supposed to be the symbol of law and order and discipline.
Even they are indulged in corruption. This is more so because they enjoy unlimited
powers and there is no action against them even on complaints and sufficient proof of
abuse of office atrocities and high handedness.

4. TYPES OF CORRUPTION:
a) SYSTEMETIC CORRUPTION: As opposed to exploiting occasional
opportunities, endemic or systemic corruption occurs when corruption is an
integrated and essential aspect of the economic, social and political system.
Systemic corruption is not a special category of corrupt practice, but rather a
situation in which the major institutions and processes of the state are routinely
dominated and used by corrupt individuals and groups, and in which most people
have no alternatives to dealing with corrupt officials.
Systemic corruption (or endemic corruption) is corruptionwhich is primarily due
to the weaknesses of an organization or process. It can be contrasted with
individual officials or agents who act corruptly within the system.
b) INDIVIDUAL CORRUPTION: The defining feature of individual corruption
is that the individual or individuals concerned are, as it were, rowing against the
tide: their conduct is contrary to the institutional interests of the organisation for
which they are working; it is self-evidently wrong; it is morally indefensible.
In most public institutions, one can (I think) fairly assume that the majority are
honest and decent people; people who want to do the right thing. So corrupt
individuals tend to be at odds with the majority. Of course, many of the honest
and decent majority will not wish to rock the boat; they will not stand up against
the corrupt individuals. But they can be counted on, at least, to offer a silent
prayer of thanks when somebody else has the courage to do so. Even if they do
not actively support the whistleblower, it is unlikely that they will actively oppose
the whistleblower.
c) POLITICAL CORRUPTION: Political corruption is the use of powers by
government officials for illegitimate private gain. An illegal act by an
officeholder constitutes political corruption only if the act is directly related to
their official duties, is done under color of law or involves trading in influence.
Forms of corruption vary, but include bribery, extortion, cronyism, nepotism,
parochialism, patronage, influence peddling, graft, and embezzlement.
Corruption may facilitate criminal enterprise such as drug trafficking, money
laundering, and human trafficking, though is not restricted to these activities.
Misuse of government power for other purposes, such as repression of political
opponents and general police brutality, is also considered political corruption.

5. d) ADMINISTRATIVE CORRUPTION: It includes persons like higher
authorities, officers, police officers, clerks, peons, etc. For example, If we give
money, then we can get anything difficult, easily.
Administrative corruption is the abuse of roles, powers, or resourcesfound within
public bureaucracies. It may be initiated by line or staff officials, their superiors,
or the agency clients.
Administrative Corruption includes persons like higher authorities, officers,
police officers, clerks, peons, etc. For example, If we give money, then we can
get anything difficult, easily. Give money no need to visit the office, you will get
driving licenses. By Bribe, a blind and handicap can also get driving license.
Money makes the mare go. In hospital, court, & other Govt. Offices everywhere
you have to give money for any kind of job.
e) PROFESSIONAL CORRUPTION: Professional Corruption means related to
business. It includes duplicating medicines, duplicating import items/theft items,
duplicating hygienic products, mixture in eatables etc. Mixture in spices, stones
in cereals, animal fats in ghee, kerosene in petrol etc. are under professional
corruption.
All these corruptions are due to the leaders of this country, as well as the citizens.
Because, the leaders are promoting the citizen towards corruption by showing
money. The main cause of corruption is also modernization of life style like eat,
drink, be merry.
In modern societythey don't think about the country and its future, due to which
indirectly they are responsible for this. To control this corruption, we are the
people of nation should work together to fight against it. The election procedure
should be change.
Election commissioner should give tickets to well educated and requited
candidates for election. The tax system should be clear for the illiterate and
general people to pay easily. The Govt. expenses should be liberal. The law and
order should be strict in each and every sector, and then only it can be controlled.

6. RECENT CORRPUTION :
Malaysian corruption fugitive arrested in N.Sumatra
Mon, November 14, 2016 :
Immigration authorities in Medan, North Sumatra, have reported the arrest of a long-
time Malaysian fugitive accused of corruption crimes in his country.
Malaysian national Mohamad Khaizad bin Hashim had reportedly been hiding in
Indonesia for one year to avoid arrest by the Malaysian Anti-Corruption Commission
(MACC), formerlyknown as Anti-Corruption Agency.Mohamad Khaizad, a resident of
Selangor, Malaysia, allegedly entered Indonesia illegally in November 2015 using
falsified identity documents.
Immigration Office head Lilik Bambang Lestari said his officehad become aware of the
Malaysian corruption fugitive’s presence after reports from people living around him in
Medan in the beginning of October.He said that during his stay in Indonesia,
Mohammad Khaizad had hid in two different places, namely Medan in North Sumatra
and Bireuen in Aceh.
Lilik said people in his neighborhood had become suspicious about the Malaysian
national who had an Indonesian ID card, and they therefore filed a report with the
Immigration Office.
“Following up their reports, we carried out an investigation until we discovered that he
was a Malaysian corruption fugitive wanted by that country’s anticorruption agency,”
Lilik said in a press conference on Friday evening.He said Mohamad Khaizad was
arrested at his home on Jl.Glambir V, Medan Helvetia district, Medan, at 10 a.m. local
time on Nov. 9. The immigration investigators made the arrest based on a fingerprint
match of their suspects and a set of prints they received from Malaysian authorities.

7. DBKL officer demoted, fined and placed on desk duty
Monday, 5 December 2016 :
A SENIOR civil servant who is under probe for alleged corrupt practices over
a multi-million ringgit contract to maintain the Kuala Lumpur City Hall (DBKL)-run
crematorium in Cheras has been demoted, fined one day’s salary and put on
administrative duties for a year.
Kuala Lumpur mayor Datuk Seri Mohd Amin Nordin Abd Aziz said City Hall’s
disciplinary committee decided to take actionon the officerforfailing to followDBKL’s
standard operating procedures (SOP) for tenders.
When asked if the official concerned was aware of the correct procedures, the mayor
said: “He knows, it was not really a big mistake, but we want to send a message to all
DBKL staff, from the top to the bottom, that we do not tolerate such mistakes and that
is why the officer was demoted from Gred 52 to Gred 48.”
“As for allegations of alleged abuse of power and corruption, the case is now with the
Federal Territory branch of Malaysian Anti-Corruption Commission (MACC) and we
will leave it to them to investigate.
“However at DBKL level, we felt that a strong message had to be sent to all staff that
we do not condone such blatant abuse of process,” he reiterated.
Amin Nordin explained that the officer failed to get the department head’s signature
while preparing tender documents for the crematorium contract.
For City Hall projects, before a contact can be tendered out, the SOP is to get the
department director to sign off on it before it goes to the tender board for evaluation.
“Before the tender documents are passed to the Procurement Department, it must be
signed by the director of that department.
“In this case, the officer bypassed the director, which he did not have the authority to do
so.
“The correct process is that the deputy director and senior officers will prepare the
documents, and the department director will give the go-ahead by signing it.
“And only after that, the document will be sent to the tender board whereby the (tender)
committee will evaluate the contract,” said the mayor.
He added that the tender committee would analyse the financial aspect of the contract
and pick the lowest bid.

8. GLC head, 2 company bosses on remand for corruption
Friday, November 11, 2016
The general manager of a government-linked company (GLC) and two company
executives will be remanded for five days to allow the Malaysian Anti-Corruption
Commission (MACC) to investigate them for alleged abuse of power and receiving
bribes.
Magistrate Nik Hasfahanie Tasnim Wan Abdul Rahman allowed the order, which will
expire on Nov 15, after the three were produced before her.
All the suspects were represented.
The executives, both 51, serving as chief executive officer and managing director of the
two companies respectively, were arrested at the MACC headquarters here early this
morning after giving their statements to the anti-graft agency.
It was reported earlier that MACC officers arrested the 56-year-old general manager at
his house in Seremban yesterday.He is alleged to have received bribes from contractors
who had failed to complete their projects within the stipulated time. The money was
paid to allow them to continue with their projects.
The suspect is believed to own nine houses worth a total of RM8 million – three in
Putrajaya, one in Kuala Lumpur, one in Cyberjaya and four in Negeri Sembilan.MACC
believes the houses were bought with cash to avoid detection by the authorities.
It was previously reportedthat the MACC had also seizedcash amounting to RM30,000,
two luxury cars and a high-powered motorcycle. Several bank accounts, holding a total
of RM2.5 million, were also frozen.

9. HOW CAN WE STOP CORRUPTION: There is no silver bullet for fighting
corruption. Many countries have made significant progress in curbing corruption,
however practitioners are always on the lookout for solutions and evidence of impact.
Here are few ways that citizens and governments can make progress in the fight against
corruption:
 END IMPUNITY
Effective law enforcement is essential to ensure the corrupt are punished and
break the cycle of impunity, or freedom from punishment or loss. Successful
enforcement approaches are supported by a strong legal framework, law enforcement
branches and an independent and effective court system. Transparency International
Maldives successfully advocated for the adoption of one of the world’s strongest rights
to information law by putting pressure on local MPs via a campaign of SMS text
messages.
 EMPOWER CITIZENS
Strengthening citizen’s demand foranti-corruption and empowering them to hold
government accountable is a sustainable approach that helps to build mutual trust
between citizens and government. For example, community monitoring initiatives have
in some cases contributed to the detection of corruption. To monitor local elections,
Transparency International Slovenia produced an interactive map that the public
populated with pictures and reports of potential irregularities in the election. As a result,
cases of public funds being misused to support certain candidates were spotted
 REFORM PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION AND FINANCE
MANAGEMENT
Reforms focusing onimproving financial management and strengthening the role
of auditing agencies have in many countries achieved greater impact than public sector
reformson curbing corruption. One such reform is the disclosure of budget information,
which prevents waste and misappropriation of resources
 PROMOTE TRANSPARENCY AND ACCESS TO INFORMATION
Countries successful at curbing corruption have a long tradition of government
openness, freedom of the press, transparency and access to information. Access to
information increases the responsiveness of government bodies, while simultaneously
having a positive effect on the levels of public participation in a country.
Without access to the international financial system, corrupt public officials throughout
the world would not be able to launder and hide the proceeds of looted state assets.
Major financial centers urgently need to put in place ways to stop their banks and
cooperating offshore financial centers from absorbing illicit flows of money

10. Conclusion :
Corruption is an intractable problem. It is like diabetes, can only be controlled, but not
totally eliminated. It may not be possible to root out corruption completely at all levels
but it is possible to contain it within tolerable limits. Honest and dedicated persons in
public life, control over electoral expenses could be the most important prescriptions to
combat corruption. Corruption has a corrosive impact on our economy. It worsens our
image in international market and leads to loss of overseas opportunities. Corruption is
a global problem that all countries of the world have to confront, solutions, however,
can only be home grown.
I used the sentence “we the common man are the solution” because we are the only
reason why corruption is so popular in MALASIYA. We are the persons who are
motivating corruption to be successful. We support corruption that is why it exits. Since
we are the only person who elects ministers that are supporting corruption in
MALASIYA. Common citizen of MALASIYA let us start working from now onwards
with common goal of removing corruption from INDIA. Think the day when we will
achieve our goal.