Novita PBL

1. Socialist Republic of Vietnam
Cộng Hòa Xã Hội Chủ Nghĩa Việt Nam
By: Novita Ristianti

2. Located in the eastern and northern hemispheres
• In the Tropic of Cancer
• it is positioned in Southeast Asia
• recognized geographical region of the Asian
continent.
Bordered by the Pacific Ocean
• Gulf of Tonkin
• Gulf of Thailand
• South China Sea
• the countries of China, Laos and Cambodia.
About 43.82 miles (70.52 km) northwest of Hue
Highest Point: Fan Si Pan 10,315 ft. (3,144 m)
Lowest Point: South China Sea 0m
Coastline: 2,140 miles (3,444 km) excludes islands
Land Area:
(land) 119,718 sq miles (310,070 sq km)
(water) 8,162 sq miles (21,140 sq km)
(TOTAL) 127,880 sq miles (331,210 sq km)

3. Cờ đỏ sao vàng ("Red flag with a gold star")
• Design by: Nguyễn Hữu Tiến (or Lê Quang Sô) in 1940
• used during an uprising against French rule in southern Vietnam that year.
• The background was inspired by the red flag, used by the international
communist movement since the Paris Commune of 1871.
• Red symbolizes revolution and blood.
• The star represents the five main classes in Vietnamese society—intellectuals,
farmers, workers, businessmen and military personnel

4. Emblem of Vietnam
• Red background and a yellow star in the middle which represent
the Comunist Party of Vietnam, the revolutionery history and
bright future of Vietnam.
• The Cog and crops represent the cooperation of agriculture and
industrial labour

5. Motto: "Độc lập – Tự do – Hạnh phúc"
"Independence – Freedom – Happiness"
"
 The Declaration of Independence on September 2nd 1945,
 the Democratic Republic of Vietnam, the first independent republic in Southeast Asia, was
born. On January 6, 1946.
 The first universal suffrage general election was held to elect the National Assembly, the
supreme organ of power of the new Vietnam.
 In November 1946, the National Assembly adopted the first Constitution of the Republic.
 The Constitution clearly pointed out that "Vietnam is an indivisible and monolithic bloc
 It is a democratic republic; power belongs to the whole Vietnamese people irrespective of
race, gender, property, social class and religion.

6. National Anthem of Republic of
Vietnam
Tiến Quân Ca
• The Tiến Quân Ca, pronounced [tjə̌n kwən kaː].
• Known as the "Army March" and the "Song of Advancing Soldiers“.
• Both written and composed by Văn Cao in 1944.
• The "Marching Song" was adopted as the national anthem of North
Vietnam in 1945.
• Adopted as the national anthem of the new Socialist Republic of Vietnam
in 1976,
• Following the reunification of both North Vietnam and South Vietnam at
the end of the Vietnam War.

7. • Means “long dress”
• The other name for the ao dai is "cover
everything, but hide nothing“
• Ao dai comes in different colors, the colour
is an indicative of the age of the person
wearing it.
• The ao dai costume is dated back to the
year 1744 when Lord Vu Vuong of the
Nguyen dynasty
Traditional Vietnemese Cloth
Ao Dai

8. Politics of the Socialist Republic of
Vietnam
• Defined by a single-party socialist republic framework,
• The President of Vietnam of is the head of state and the Prime Minister of
Vietnam is the head of of government.
• in a one-party- system led by the Communist Party of Vietnam. Excecutive
power is exercised by the government and the President of Vietnam.
• Legislative power is vested in the National Assembly of Vietnam
(Vietnamese: Quốc hội).
• The Judiaciary is independent of the executive. The parliament adopted
the current Constitution of Vietnam; its fourth, on 15 April 1992, and it has
been amended once since then.

9. • The President (Chủ tịch nước) is elected by the National Assembly for
a five-year term
• Acts as the commender-chief of the Vietnam People Armed Forces
• Chairman of the Council for Defence and Security.
• The government (Chính phủ), the main executive state power of
Vietnam

10. • Headed by the Prime Minister, who has several Deputy Prime
Ministers and several ministers in charge of particular activities.
• The executive branch is responsible for the implementation of
political, economic, cultural, social, national defence, security
and external activities of the state.
• The National Assembly is a unicameral legislative body.
• The National Assembly has 500 members, elected by popular
vote to serve four-year terms.

11. • The legislature is, according to the constitution, the highest
organ of the state.
• Its powers includes the enactment and amendment of the
constitution and laws;
• The adoption of the government budget:
 supervising the Government of Vietnam and other holders of
public powers responsible to the National Assembly
 appointing members of the judiciary.
• The Vietnamese constitution and legislation provide for regular
elections for the office of the President of the Socialist Republic,
the National Assembly and the People’s Councils.

12. Comunist Party of Vietnam (CPV)
Đảng Cộng sản Việt Nam
• Founded 3 February 1930 (as the Indonechinese Communist Party)
• The Founder is Nguyen Ai Quoc
• The founding and ruling political party of the Socialist Republic of
Vietnam
• Maintain a unitary government and has centralized control over the
state, military, and media.
• The General Secretary is Nguyen Phu Trong

13. The state power is in the hand of the people.
The State is of the people, by the people and for the people.
The party is known for the advocacy of what it calls a ‘socialis-oriented
marjet economy
The Highest institution of the CPV is the party’s National Congresses.
The State ensures and constantly promotes the people’s right to mastery
in all fields and implements the policy of equality, unity and mutual
assistance among ethnic groups.
The people use the state power through the National Assembly and
people’s councils. These agencies are elected by the people,
representing their will and aspiration

14. Socialist-Oriented Market Economy
Kinh tế thị trường theo định hướng xã hội chủ nghĩa
• The current economic system in the Socialist Republic of Vietnam.
• It is described as a multi-sectoral market economy oriented towards the
eventual and long-term development of socialism.
• The state sector plays a decisive role in directing economic development
• The socialist-oriented market economy is a product of the Đổi mới economic
reforms
• Đổi mớ led to the replacement of the centrally-planned economy with a
market-based mixed economy based on state-owned industry. These reforms
were undertaken to allow Vietnam to integrate with the global market
economy.

15. • The Doi Moi economic reforms were initiated by the Communist Party of
Vietnam in 1986 during the 6th National Congress of the party.
• These reforms allowed for private ownership of small enterprises alongside
state-run and collectively-owned enterprises.
• These reforms also introduced a greater role for market forces for coordinating
economic activity between enterprises and government agencies.
• The economic reforms aimed to restructure the Vietnamese economy away
from Soviet-type central planning.
• Towards a mixed economy intended to be a transitional phase in the
development of a social economy.

16. • The goal of the economic system:
 to improve the productives forces of the economy,
 Developing a firm technical-material base for the foundation
of socialism
 to enable Vietnam to better integrate with the world
economy
• The socialist-oriented market economy is a multi-sectoral
commodity economy regulated by the market
• consisting of a mixture of private, collective and state ownership
of the means of production.

17. • The state sector and collectively-owned enterprises form the
backbone of the economy.
• forms of ownership, including cooperative/collective enterprises,
communal, private and state ownership models co-exist in the
economy; but the state sector plays a decisive role.
• It is similar to the Chinese socialist market economy in that many
The state sector and collectively-owned enterprises form the
backbone of the economy.
• It is similar to the Chinese socialist market economy in that many
forms of ownership, including cooperative/collective enterprises,

18. Compared with the Chinese model
• In contrast to the Chinese model (dubbed the socialist market economy), the
Vietnamese system is not officially viewed as a form of socialism or market
socialism.
• It is considered to be a multi-sectoral market economy in the process of
undergoing a long-term transition towards socialism, with the view that
socialism can only emerge once Vietnam's produvtive forces.
• Developed to a point where socialism becomes a technical possibility.
• The socialist-oriented market economy has aroused less controversy than the
Chinese model.
• Its perspective government because private business plays a smaller role in the
Vietnamese model.
• Most the means of production remaining firmly under either collective or state
ownership and administration.[

19. Theoretical basis
• The Communist Party of Vietnam maintains that the socialist-oriented
market economy
• It is consistent with the Marxist view of economic development, being a
key step in achieving economic growth and modernization while being
able to co-exist in the modern global market economy.
• Communist Party of Vietnam has re-affirmed its commitment to the
development of a socialist economy with its Doi Moi reforms.
• This economic model is defended from a Marxist perspective.
• States that a planned socialist economy can only emerge after first
developing the basis for socialism through the establishment of a
market economy and commodity-exchange economy.

20. • The socialism will only emerge after this stage has exhausted its
historical necessity and gradually transforms itself into socialism.
• Proponents of this model argue that the economic system of the
former USSR.
• its satellite states attempted to go from a natural economy to a
planned economy by decree, without passing through the
necessary market economy phase of development.[
• Proponents of socialist market economies distinguish themselves
from market socialists.
• The view of market socialism is that markets are a central feature
of socialism, and that markets are the most feasible mechanism
for a socialist economy.

21. Currency
Đồng Vietnam
• Has been the currency of Vietnam
since May 3, 1978.
• Issued by the State Bank of Vietnam
• it is represented by the symbol "₫".
• subdivided into 10 hào, which was
further subdivided into 10 xu,
• Neither of which is now used

22. Vietnam GDP Per Capita
• The Gross Domestic Product
per capita in Vietnam was
last recorded at 1077.91 US
dollars in 2014.
• The GDP per Capita in
Vietnam is equivalent to 9
percent of the world's
average.
• GDP per capita in Vietnam
averaged 562.33 USD from
1984 until 2014, reaching an
all time high of 1077.91 USD
in 2014 and a record low of
262.95 USD in 1984.

23. • Until November 2014, FDI in Vietnam
increases 9,407 valid projects with the total
registered capital of 138.5 billion dollars
processing and manufacturing industry.
• In 11 months of 2014, the total amount of
newly registered capital and the
increasing capital of processing and
manufacturing industry in Vietnam
reached 13.15 billion dollars.
• Accounted for 76% of the whole country.
In which, the average capital of a
processing and manufacturing industry's
project is 14.7 billion USD, which is higher
than the average size the country's FDI
project.
Vietnam’s Proportion of FDI in Nov 2014

24. Samsung Vietnam Electronics
Source: Image from samsung.com

25. Top 10 Major Commodities of Vietnam

26. Culture
• There were three layers of
culture overlapping each
other during the history of
Vietnam:
1. local culture, the most
prominent culture
2. the culture that mixed
with those of China
and other countries in
the region,
3. The culture that
interacted with
Western culture.

27. The natural conditions (temperature, humidity, monsoon, water-flows, water-
rice agriculture ...) exert a remarkable impact on the material and spiritual life
of the nation.
The Vietnamese nation was formed early in the history and often had to carry
out wars of resistance against foreign invaders.
which created a prominent cultural feature: a patriotism that infiltrated and
encompassed every aspect of life.

28. • Most visitors to Vietnam are overwhelmed by the sublime beauty of the
country's natural setting:
the Red River Delta in the north,
the Mekong Delta in the south
• Almost the entire coastal strip are a patchwork of brilliant green rice
paddies tended by women in conical hats.
Vietnam also offers an opportunity to see a country of traditional charm
and rare beauty rapidly opening up to the outside world.
• The country has managed to preserve its rich civilization and highly
cultured society

29. Religious Beliefs and Practices
• Vietnam there are many religions and this
diversity extends to the U.S.
• Confucianism underlies many Vietnamese
traditions shared by people of various
religions.

30. • This was the predominant religion in Vietnam
• Practiced by an estimated 90% of the population prior to the war.
• In Seattle, the majority of Vietnamese are Buddhist. There are two
main forms in Vietnam. The southern Hinayana believe only
monks and nuns can achieve enlightenment, while the northern
Mahayana believe laymen can attain enlightenment as well.
Buddhism

31. • More a code of behavior than a religion.
• it emphasizes filial piety and obligation, altruism and the belief
that man creates his own destiny.
• Music, respect for authority (including teachers), and social rites
are very important.
Confucianism

32. Catholicism
• Introduced in late sixteenth century by Portuguese, Spanish and
French.
• Catholics in Vietnam have intermittently suffered persecution.
• Before the collapse of South Vietnam, an estimated 2 million
people (of a population of 17 million) practiced Catholicism.
• This is the religion of many first wave refugees.

33. Taoism
• Founded by a Chinese philosopher, Lao-tzu
• this religion teaches that the goal of becoming an Ultimate and
Unconditioned being can be achieved through thrift, humility and
compassion.
• Taoists may worship many gods, and value simplicity, patience, and
contentment.
• Taoist avoid confrontation and strive for harmony both between men
and between man and nature.
• Some Taoist groups also worship deities or other religions.
• They have an organized clergy and temples.
• Though many Vietnamese do not practice this religion, Taoism has
strongly influenced Vietnamese culture.

34. Other Beliefs/Sects
• Many Vietnamese practice animism (worship of spirits and natural
forces), ancestor worship, astrology, and are very superstitious.
• Older refugees in the US continue these practices and beliefs,
while many younger people in the community do not.
• Cao Dai and Hoa Hoa are both sects with little influence.

35. Language
• The Vietnamese language which is spoken by the majority Viet
population has regional accents (Northern, Central, and
Southern).
• All are generally understood by most Vietnamese speakers.
• Vietnamese is a tonal language with six basic vowel tones.

36. • It is very different from English;
• verbs do not change forms
• articles are not used
• nouns do not have plural endings
• there are no prefixes, suffixes, or infinitives and no distinction
among pronouns.
• Honorific pronouns are used to address people of different status
or age.
• Many of the country's 54 ethnic groups have their own distinct
languages, though only a few of the ethnic minority languages
have their own script

37. Names, Naming
• Traditionally, Vietnamese people list their family name first,
• then their middle name, with their first (given) name listed as last.
• Family members use different given names (first names aren't passed down).
• The name reflects some meaning.
• Most names can be used for either gender.
• Many in the U.S. have adopted Western customs of naming or if naturalized, may
adopt Western names.
• Each family member has a designated kinship term, and these are used when family
members address one another.
• Birthdates are written as follows: Day/Month/Year. For example, May 14, 1992 would be
written: 14/5/92.

38. Greetings
• To address people formally, use Mr. or Ms. or a title plus the first
name.
• There are also several other honorific forms when addressing
people of different relationships in Vietnamese, but they are not
used in English.
• Many may greet by bowing slightly.
• Usually, elders or higher ranking people are greeted first (the
family head).

39. • New 2014: Phrases of Courtesy in Nine Languages: A tool for
Medical Providers
• This language learning tool features videos of native speakers
saying phrases of courtesy in nine languages, including
Vietnamese.
• Phrases of greeting, introduction, acknowledgment, departure
and for emergency situations in a clinical setting can be played
at a normal speed and at a learning speed.
• The goal of this tool is to provide a jumping-off point for
developing rapport in the interpreted health encounter.

40. Status, Role, Prestige
• Vietnamese culture is concerned more with status (obtained with
age and education) than with wealth.
• If one were to rank them in their importance, education would
likely come first, followed by age and then wealth.
• Thua (meaning please) is added in front of the honorific name to
show respect to elders.
• To show respect, more traditionally minded Vietnamese will bow
their heads to a superior or elder. The depth of the bow is not a
factor.
• In Vietnam, professions that are high status include doctor, priest,
and teacher.

41. General Etiquette
• Many will smile easily and often, regardless of the underlying emotion, so a
smile cannot automatically be interpreted as happiness or agreement.
• Vietnamese often laugh in situations that other cultures may find
inappropriate. This laughter is not intended as ridicule.
• Breaking a promise can be a serious violation of social expectation. It is very
difficult to re-establish a lost confidence.
• When inviting a friend on an outing, the person who offers the invitation usually
offers to pay to the bill.

42. • During social gatherings, Vietnamese will often arrive late so as
not to appear overly enthusiastic.
• They are punctual to appointments in professional settings.
• When giving gifts, often the giver minimizes the value of the item,
even though it may be great.
• The recipient of a gift is expected to display significant gratitude
that sometimes lasts a lifetime.

43. • Some may be reluctant to accept a gift because of the burden
of gratitude.
• Vietnamese may refuse a gift on the first offer, even if they intend
to accept it, so as not to appear greedy.
• Speaking in a loud tone with excessive gestures is considered
rude, especially when done by women.
• Summoning a person with a hand or finger in the upright position
is reserved only for animals or inferior people.
• Between two equal people it is a provocation.
• To summon a person, the entire hand with the fingers facing
down is the only appropriate hand signal.

44. Vietnamese Traditional Food
PHO
consisting of a salty broth, fresh rice noodles, a sprinkling of
herbs and chicken or beef, features predominately in the local
diet -- and understandably so. It’s cheap, tasty, and widely
available at all hours.
CHA CA
This namesake alley is home to Cha Ca La Vong, which serves
sizzling chunks of fish seasoned with garlic, ginger, turmeric and
dill on a hot pan tableside.

45. BANH XEO
Crispy crepe bulging with pork, shrimp, and bean sprouts, plus
the garnish of fresh herbs that are characteristic of most
authentic Vietnamese dishes.
To enjoy one like a local, cut it into manageable slices, roll it up
in rice paper or lettuce leaves and dunk it in whatever special
sauce the chef has mixed up for you.
CAO LAU
This pork noodle dish from Hoi An is a bit like the various cultures
that visited the trading port at its prime. The thicker noodles are
similar to Japanese udon, the crispy won-ton crackers and pork
are a Chinese touch, while the broth and herbs are clearly
Vietnamese.

46. RAU MUONG
Some might call it river weed -- with good reason -- but
that doesn’t stop the masses from scarfing down platefuls of
morning glory, usually stir-fried and seasoned with slithers of
potent garlic.
NEM RAN/CHA GIO
The crispy shell with a soft veggie and meat filling dunked in a
tangy sauce gets the gastronomic juices flowing before a main
course. In the north these parcels go by the name nem ran
while

47. Terima Kasih