1. Course: Ecosystem Management
Instructor: Truong Thanh Canh
Can Gio Mangrove Biosphere Reserve
Date: January 16, 2015

2. Part 1: Brief Introduction
 G e o g ra p h i c a l p o s i t i o n , C l i m a te a n d ra i n fa l l , Te m p e ra t u re , To p o g ra p hy.
 E c o l o g i c a l c h a ra c t e r i s t i c s , S o c i a l A c t i v i t i e s .
 S t r u c t u re o f C a n G i o M a n g ro v e E c o sy s t e m
Part 2: Understand Can Gio Mangrove Eco- systems’Structure and its
service
 Re g u l a t i n g s e r v i c e
 P ro v i s i o n i n g s e r v i c e
 C u l t u ra l s e r v i c e
 S u p p o r t i n g s e r v i c e
Part 3: Resource exploitation for economic purpose
 S u s t a i n a b l e d e v e l o p m e n t o f C a n G i o m a n g ro v e e c o sy s t e m s
 To u r i s t d e v e l o p m e n t
 Ef fe c t i n g o n re s o u rc e s c o n s e r v a t i o n

3. Located about 50 km south of
Ho Chi Minh City
The Boundary
• The north borders Nha Be District
• The south borders East Sea
• The east borders Dong Nai, Vung
Tau Provinces
• The west borders Long An, Tien
Giang provinces
Geographical Position

4. The total area is 71.361 ha
At the present, the population
of Can Gio is more than 80.000
people

5. Climate and Rainfall
Can Gio climate is tropical monsoonal with two distinctive season:
 The dry season: from November to next May
 The rainy season : from the end of May to October
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
Month
Rainfall(mm)

6. Temperature
• Average temperature : 270 C
• Maximum temperature: 33.10 C
• Minimum temperature: 22.70C
• Daily vibration amplitude :3-70C
• Monthly temperature amplitude:40C24.5
25
25.5
26
26.5
27
27.5
28
28.5
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
Month 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
Temperature 26 25.8 27.5 28 28 27.4 27.3 27.4 27.4 27.0 26.6 26.2

7. Topography
Generally flat and low-lying with the highest elevation at
Giong Chua
The terrain of Can Gio is formed by alluvial deposits from six
rivers, Nga Bay, Cai Mep, Go Gia, Thi Vai, Soai Rap and Dong
Tranh
(Giồng Chùa mountain- the highest place in Can Gio)

8. Ecological Characteristics
Many kinds of habitats such as mangroves, wetlands, salt marsh, mud flat and sea
grasses
Receive a great alluvium from Dong Nai river and own unique plants and animals.
=> a food supply for both aquatic organisms and on-land vertebrates
More than 200 animal species and over 40 bird species has been found in Can Gio.
Can Gio is also a “ wall green” to protect the city from storm surges, typhoons
and sea level rise

9. HIGHLIGHT ECONOMIC SCALE

10. PROCESS TO PRODUCE SALT

11. FARMING OYSTERS

12. FARMING BLOOD COCKLE

13. FISHING

14. Structure

15. Structure
• Nature forest: 12.000 ha
 Cây bàng, mấm (Avicenmiacese), Chà là,..
 Living on mound and less water
 Planted forest: 20.000 ha
 Avicemiaceae, Sounerrtiaceae, Lumnitzera littoria Voigt,..
 Planting on alkaline soil and brackish

16. Structure
• Animals
▫ Spineless species: Squill mantis, Meretrix lyrata,…
▫ Fishes : cá Ngát, cá thoi loi,…
▫ Reptiles : Ophiophagus hannah, Python reticulatus,…
▫ Birds : Vạc, Bồ nông,…
▫ Mammals : Macaca fascicufaris, Sus scrofa,..

17. Structure
• Can Gio mangrove forest is a non self-contained ecosystem
• Alluvial and mangrove forest always changes toward the sea
=> higher alluvial soils
• When the land becomes higher than the sea, this soil is suitable for agriculture

18. Can Gio Mangrove Eco-
systems’ Structure and
its service

19. Regulating service
Climate Regulation
Water
purification
Flood
Regulation

20. • Favorable of geographic location
• The magic of mangroves
• The biodiversity of Cần Giờ forest
• The protection of human
Provisioning Services
The elements help Can Gio forest have ability to
provision :

21. Favorable of geographic location
- Can Gio forest is formed in downstream of Dong Nai river system, at
the Southeast gateway of Ho Chi Minh City
1. North : Dong Nai
2. South : the East Sea
3. West : Tien Giang, Long An
4. East : Ba Ria-Vung Tau
Provisioning Services

22. Mangrove forest is a firm green wall !
The magic of mangroves
Provisioning Services

23. The magic of mangroves
The root of trees system is
interlaced.
Provisioning Services

24. The biodiversity of Can Gio forest
• 157 species of plant
• 100 species of bottom invertebrate animals
• Over 120 species of fish
• 145 species of birds
• Crocodile, monkey, boar
Provisioning Services

25. The protection of human
Provisioning Services

26. A process plant and protect in 30 years
Provisioning Services

27. Tourism
Foreign Tourist
9%
Domestic Tourist
91%
BENEFITS FROM TOURISM
IN CAN GIO MANGROVE FOREST PER YEAR
Total Profit = 3,472.8 million VND
Domestic = 3,148 million VND
Foreign = 324.8 million VND
Cultural Services

28. (Source: The Vietnam MAB National Committee, 2000)

29. Recreation
Jobs:
Rearing: fishes and marine product…
Growing: forest, germinating transplants
Tour guide
Tutors for trainee or students
Raising the income of native people in Can
Gio District.
Cultural Services

30. • Rearing Shrimp:
Profit = 700 million VND/ha
(2014)
Recreation
Cultural Services

31. Cultural Services Recreation

32. Education
• Program for introducing ecosystem in Can Gio for students in
high school and university.
• Good condition and best place for students to research and
practice.
Cultural Services

33. Sources for medicine
Acrostichum
aureum
Rhizomes
Tender leaves
Wound and boils
Boiled in water and the liquid is given as antidote to poison victims
Cynometra
ramiflora
Leaves, Roots,
fruits
- Ingredient of a medicine used for skin diseases
- A lotion form leaves is applied externally in leprosy scabies
Purgative oil from fruits and roots for leprosy
Cultural Services

34. • Provision of wildlife habitat
• Sediment trapping & nutrient retention and export
• Provide fuel wood and building materials
• Erosion prevention
Supporting Services

35. Resource exploitation for
economic purpose

36. Evaluate the impact of economic activities on the environmen
Sustainable development of Can Gio mangrove
ecosystems
- Self-purification of the mangrove forest.
- Tolerance to pollution.

37. Evaluate the impact of economic activities on the
environment
- Pay attention to construction activities.

38. Regrarding to staff management and eco tourism
guide
- Make plans to protect and
develop mangrove forests.

39. Regarding to locals
- Invited representatives of local participation in nature conservation
projects.

40. Regarding to locals
- Organization of environmental education classes for local residents to
raise their awareness of the importance of ecology and environment

41. The sea encroaching system in combination with Can Gio’s urban and
Tourism.
▫ The sea encroaching area: 600 ha
▫ Using clean energy
▫ Minimizing manufacturing
Tourist development

42. Agriculture ecotourism:
Bình Khánh, An Thới Đông,Tam Thôn
Hiệp and Lý Nhơn Commune
Forest ecotourism:
(area 42.000 ha)
Long Hòa, An Thới Đông and Lý Nhơn
Commune
Sea ecotourism:
Cần Thạnh Long Hòa, Thạnh An
Commune, Giồng Chùa
3mainfunctionalareas

43. 2 works having the biggest effect in
developing urban and tourism
• The expansion Sac Forest Project, openning arterial
route linking the central Ho Chi Minh City
• The providing fresh water project

44. 17.8%
the average number of visitors
Tourism 24%
Commersal business
14 – 46%
1,200,000 visitors
10% foreiners
30 investors registered for
31 projects in amusement
parks, entertainment and
tourist attractions
Tourist development

45. The Global Top 100 Sustainable Destinations or The World’s Greenest Holiday
Destinations

46. Total Value of Production in Can Gio
0.00%
5.00%
10.00%
15.00%
20.00%
25.00%
30.00%
35.00%
Fishery Handicraft Agriculture Transportation & postal Contruction Commerical & Services
EFFECTING ON RESOURCES CONSERVATION

47. • Can Gio mangrove forest enhances local resident’s standard life.
• The recovered mangrove forest is having some positive direct effects to people living
nearby.
+ Growing forest, salt producing, forest tending
+ Provided more jobs for labor
+ Poverty rate had decreased to 25.7 percent
+ 100 percent people use clean water
• Farming, prawn industry, offshore fishing, oysters, clams are the main sources of
people’s income.
EFFECTING ON RESOURCES CONSERVATION

48. • Can Gio’s government appointed some household to protect the mangrove forest.
• Local people already perceive the important role of forest to their life.
• Play as a South East Ho Chi Minh’s lung.
• An ideals place for tourist and scientist get to know more about biodiversity.
EFFECTING ON RESOURCES CONSERVATION

49. Thank for listening!