1. Amblyoscopes
(Synoptophore)
LECTURE NO()

3. Definition:
 Instrument for assessing and treating of ocular motility disorders
 Derived from a greek word (sin,,ops,,,phore)
 Assess grades of binocular single vision which includes:
A. Simultaneous perception
B. Fusion
C. Stereopsis
 The objective &subjective angle of deviation
 Abnormal retinal correspondence
 Cyclophoria
 Hyperphoria
 Horizontal &vertical vergence

4. Parts:
 Slide holder
 Forehead rest control
 Chin rest
 Central lock
 Horizontal deviation control
 IPD adjustment
 On/Off switch
 Chin height control
 Tube light control
 Tube lock
 Fusion /Vergence control
 Torsion control
 Vertical deviation control

5. Basic principle:
 Separate tubes (eyepiece) with +6.50D lenses
 Light source
 Image formation
 Tubes movement
 Adding -3.00D lens
 Scales in the instrument
 Different slides

6. Procedure:
All scales at zero
Used for diagnostic &therapeutic
purpose
Patient adjustment
Adjust the IPD
Small picture in front of the fixing eye
and the large in front of the fellow eye

7. Simultaneous perception :
The first grade of BSV
The slides are red
Two dissimilar pictures (lion &cage)
Tubes adjusted objectively
&subjectively

8. Angle of deviation:
 The test performed subjectively or
objectively, with or without glasses
 Measured by SP slides
 Objectively
 Subjectively

9. RC:
 Examined while examining SP
 When H=S this mean NRC
 When H and S are not equal A is present A
=H-S
 If A =H (ARC is harmonious)
 If H is larger than A (ARC is unharmonious)

10. Sensory &motor fusion):
 The second grade ..green slides, rabbit
&flowers
 Two similar picture with incomplete parts
 The patient asked to move the tubes
 Difficulty with viewing the target
 Motor fusion assessment

11. Stereopsis:
 The third grade …yellow slides
 Two image of the same object taken from
two dissimilar angles to indicate depth
perception
 Both tubes are locked at fusion angle
 Slides are inserted
 Patient asked about stereopsis exist