Phaladeepika is a classic text in Sanskrit written by Mantreswara on INDIAN ASTROLOGY in 13th/16th Cent.AD. This translation to Malayalam (language of Kerala, India) was done by the translator with reference to several commentaries. This is book 1 or chapter i (pages 1 to 29) about SIGNS AND HOUSES

1. Language : Malayalam
PHALADEEPIKA
(INDIAN ASTROLOGY)
CHAPTER 1
SIGNS AND HOUSES
AUTHOR
MANTRESWARA

2. A≤ymbw 1
cminIfpw `mhßfpw
hnjbhnhcw
t«mI߃
1. cminIƒ
1, 2 awKmNcWw
3 KWnX`mKw
4. cminIfpw Ime-]p-cp-js‚ Ahbhßfpw
cmin-k‘nIƒ
cmin-kz-cq]w
5. cmin-ÿm-߃
6. {Kl-ß-fpsS cmiym-[n-]Xyw
kuc-bqYhpw {Kl-ß-fpsS cmiym-[n-]Xyhpw
{Kl-ß-fpsS D®-cm-in-Ifpw AXyp®ÿmßfpw
7. {Klß-fpsS aqe-{Xn-tIm-W-cm-in-Iƒ
c-cm-in-Iƒ, IoS-cm-inIƒ, Pe-cm-in-Iƒ, NXp-jv]m-ZcminIƒ
8. ]rjvtTm-Z-b ˛ D`-tbm-Z-b ˛ io¿tjm-Zbcmin-Iƒ
cm{Xn-cm-in-Iƒ, ]I¬ cmin-Iƒ
Du¿≤-˛-A-[-˛-k-a-cmin-Iƒ
9. Nc-˛ÿn-c˛-D-`-b-cm-in-Iƒ XpSßnbh
]pcp-j-cminIƒ, kv{Xo-cm-in-Iƒ XpSßnbh
cminIƒ°v Zn°p-I-fpsS B[n]Xyw
hmamw-K-Z£n-Wmw-K-cm-in-Iƒ
2. `mh-߃
10˛16 1 apX¬ 12 hscbp≈ `mhßfpsS hnhcWw.
16 eo-ÿm--߃.
17 Zpÿm--߃, kpÿm߃, tI{μ-߃
18 ]W-]cw, Bt]m-¢naw,
NXp-c{iw.
D]-Nbw.
{XntImWw
1. cminIƒ
(1)
kμ¿iw hnX-ptX ]nXr-tZ-h-rWmw
amkm-_vZ-hm-k-c-Z-ssf-c-Y(1)
Du-¿-≤zKw bXv
khyw IzNnXv IzNn-Zp--ss]-Xy-]-k-hy-taIw
tPymXnx ]cw ZniXp hkvXz-anXmw {inbw x.

3. kμ¿iw hnX-ptX - ˛ kμ¿in-°p∂p (Z¿iw ¬Ip-∂p),
]nXr-tZ-h -rWmw ˛ ]nXr-°ƒ°pw tZh-Iƒ°pw ap-jy¿°pw
(]nXr-˛-tZ-h-˛-a-pjytemI-߃°v),
amk A_vZ hm-k-c- ˛ amkw, A_vZw (h¿jw), hmkcw (Znhkw)
Ch-bpsS,
Z-ssf-x AY ˛ ]IpXn hoXw,
Du-¿-≤zKw ˛ apI-fn-tebv°p Kan-°p-∂Xv,
bXv ˛ bmsXm-∂mtWm,
khyw ˛ CS-tØm-´v (sXt°m´v˛Z-£n-Wm-b-w),
IzNnXv ˛ Nnte-SØv, Nne-t∏mƒ,
IzNn-Xv D--ss]-Xn- A]-k-hyw ˛ Nnte-S-Øv (Nne-t∏mƒ) he-tØm-´v
(hS-t°m-´ v˛ -DØcm-b-w) k©-cn°p-∂p,
GIw tPymXnx ]cw -˛ ]ca-amb B tPymXn- v,
ZniXp ˛ ImWn-°s´ (¬Is´),
hkvXp AanXmw {inbw ˛ Af-h‰ sFiz-cysØ,
x ˛ ap°v.
]mTt`Zw:(1) A[ Du¿≤zKw F∂p sNdph≈n. F∂m¬ AYbpsS ImcyØn¬
sX°pn∂pap≈ mWp]n≈ Bimpw, hS°pn∂pap≈ Pn.Fkv. I]qdpw Htc
A`n{]mb°mcmWv. Cu AY˛A[ hyXymkØnp ImcWw tZhmKcnen]nsb
At]£n®v {KŸm£cØnp≈ ]cnanXnbmbncn°Ww.
kmcw:: ]nXr-°ƒ°pw tZh-Iƒ°pw ap-jy¿°pw amk-Øns‚ ]Ip-Xn, h¿j-
Øns‚ ]Ip-Xn, Znh-k-Øns‚ ]IpXn F∂ {Ia-Øn¬ Z¿i--a-cpfn, F√m-‰npw apIfn¬
Db¿∂pn∂p {]Im-in-°p-∂, Bdp amkw sXt°m´pw Bdp amkw hS-t°m´pw k©-cn-
°p∂, ]c-a-amb B tPymXn v (kq-cy-tZ-h≥) ap°p k¿h sFiz-cy-ßfpw
{]ZmwsNø-s´.
(2)
hmKvtZhow Ipe-tZ-hXmw aa Kpcq≥ Ime{Xb⁄m-Zm≥
kqcym-Zow› h-{K-lm≥ KW-]Xnw `‡ym {]W-tay-izcw
kw£n]ym{Xn-]-cm-i-cmZn IYn-Xm≥ at{¥iztcm ssZhhnZv˛-
ht£y f lw ^e-Zo-]nImw kphnaemw tPymXn¿hnZmw {]oXtb.
hmKvtZhow ˛ kc-kz-Xo-tZ-hnsb,
Ipe-tZ-hXmw ˛ [¿Ω-ssZ-h-ßsf,
Ime{Xb⁄m-Zm≥ ˛ {XnIm-e-⁄m-n-I-fmb
aa Kpcq≥ ˛ Fs‚ Kpcp-m-Y-∑msc,
kqcym-Zow› h-{K-lm≥ ˛ kqcy≥ XpS-ßnb h-{K-l-ßsf,
KW-]Xnw ˛ KW-]-Xnsb,
Cuizcw ˛ Cuiz-cs (inhs)
`‡ym {]W-ay ˛ -`‡n-tbmsS {]W-an-®n´v,
A{Xn-]-cm-i-cmZn ˛ A{Xn, ]cm-i-c≥ XpS-ßnb al¿jn-am-cm¬,
IYn-Xm≥ ˛ ]d-b-s∏´ (tPymXnj^e⁄mw)
kw£n]y ˛ Npcp°n Xømdm°nb
^e-Zo-]nImw kphnaemw ˛ ]hn-{X-amb Cu ^e-Zo-]nIsb
tPymXn¿hnZmw {]oXtb. ˛ tPymXnjhnZzm∑-mcpsS {]oXn°mbns°m- v
at{¥iztcm ssZh]nZv ˛ at{¥izcssZh⁄mb
ht£y Alw ˛ Rm≥ hnhcn°p∂p

4. kmcw: hmKvtZhXbmb kc-kz-Xo-tZ-hn, Ipe-tZ-h-X, Kpcp-m-Y-∑m¿, kqcy-`-K-hm≥
XpS-ßnb h-{K-l-߃, KW-]-Xn, ]c-a-in-h≥ Chsc `‡ntbmsS hWßn ssZh-⁄-
mb Rm≥, at{¥-iz-c≥, tPymXn-jm-Nm-cy-∑m-cmb A{Xn, ]cm-i-c≥ XpS-ßnb al¿jn-am-
cm¬ D]-tZ-in-°-s∏´ tPymXn-j-imkv{Xw ]WvUn-X-∑m-cpsS {]oXn-°-mbn-s°m- v Npcp°n
hnh-cn-°p-I-bm-Wv.
(3)
]Zm-`m-ssZy¿bss{¥¿Pka-tbm f {X {]Y-atXm
hnti-jm-Zzn-t⁄-b-x kl hnL-Sn-Im`n-kvXzY XZm
KssX¿ZrIv XpeyXzw KWn-XI-cssWx tJN-c-KXnw
hnZnXzm XZv`mhw _e-a]n ^ew ssXx IY-b-Xp.
{]Y-aXx ˛ BZy-ambn,
]Zm-`m-ssZyx bss{¥x ˛ ASn-b-fthm D]-I-c-W-ßtfm sh®v,
Pka-bx A{X ˛ P--k-abw,
kl hnL-Sn-Im-`nx Xp AY ˛ hnm-gnI klnXw,
hnti-jmXv hn--t⁄-b-x ˛ {]tXyIw Adn-bWw.
AXnp tijw,
KssXxZrIv XpeyXzw KWn-XI-cssWx ˛ Zr§-Wn-X-{]-Imcw IW-°p-Iq´n,
tJN-c-KXnw ˛ (B kabsØ) {Kl-ÿnXn,
XZv`mhw _ew A]n ˛ `mhhpw _ehpw Dƒs∏sS
hnZnXzm ˛ Adn-™n´v
^ew ssXx ˛ Ah-bpsS -^ew,
IY-b-Xp ˛ ]d-bpI.
BZy-ambn icn-bmb P--k-abw Is- -Øp-I. F∂n´v B P--ka-b-sØ
{Klne KWn-®p-- m-°p-I. (sk¬ t^mWn¬ hsc Akvt{SmfPn tkm^v‰vshb¿
e`yamb C°meØv Hcp {Kl netbm Xe°pdntbm Xømdm°m≥ nanj߃ am{Xw
aXn). AXn-p-tijw {Kl-ß-fp-ambn _‘-s∏´ `mh-ßfpsSbpw `mhm-[n-]-∑m-sc∂
nebv°v {Kl-ß-fpsSbpw _ehpw -^eZm--ti-jnbpw Nn¥ns®Sp-°pI.- C{Xbpw
sNbvXn´pthWw Cn ]d-bm≥t]mIp∂ PmXI-^e-{]-h-Nnb-a-߃sh®p PmX-I-^ew
Nn¥n®pXpS-ßphm≥.
(4)
intcm-h-‡vtdm-tcm-lr-÷-T-c-I-SnhkvXn{]P-˛
ÿem-yqcq Pmtzm¿bp-K-f-anXn PwtL ]Z-bpKw
hne-·m¬ Imemw-Km-y-fn-Q-j-Ip-fo-cm-¥n-a-anZw (1)
`k-‘n¿hn-JymXm kI-e-`-h-m-¥m-]n ]tc.
(1) ]mTt`Zw: AfnQjIpfocmfn Ncaw
cminIfpw Ime-]p-cp-js‚ Ahbhßfpw
cmin-N-{I-Øn¬ PmX-I-Øn¬
AwKw (cmin) (`mhw)
inc ˛ inc v taSw 1
h{‡ ˛ apJw CShw 2
Dc ˛ s©v anYpw 3
lrZv ˛ lrZbw I¿°-SIw 4
PT-c ˛ hb¿ Nnßw 5

5. ISn ˛ Ac-s°´v I∂n 6
hkvXn ˛ s]m°nfnp Xmsgbp≈ `mKw,
(aq{Xm-ibw) Xpemw 7
{]P---ÿ-em≥ ˛ P-t-{μnbw hr›nIw 8
Ducq ˛ XpS-Iƒ [p 9
Pmtzx bpKfw ˛ Im¬ap-´p-Iƒ aIcw 10
PwtL ˛ IW-¶m-ep-Iƒ Ipw`w 11
]Z-bpKw ˛ ]mZ-߃ aow 12
hne-·m¬ ˛ Cßs e·w apX¬°v
Imemw-Kmn ˛ Ime-]pcp-js‚ -AwK-߃ BIp-∂p.
cmin-N{Iw ÿe-am-W;v -k-abhp-am-Wv. ÿew 360 Un{Kn-bp≈ hrØ-am-sW-¶n¬,
kabw 60 mgnI AYhm 24 aWn-°q¿ ssZ¿Lyap≈ Znh-k-am-Wv. KWn-Xw-sIm- vv
Chsb ]c-kv]cw am‰n-sb-Sp-°mw. cmin-N-{IsØ Ime-]p-cp-j-mbn ImWp-∂-Xns‚ ASn-
ÿmhpw C-Xm-Wv.
Imemw-Kmn hcmw-K-am---aptcm lrXv t{ImU-hm-tkm f `rtXm
hkvXn-¿hy-RvP--aq-cpPm-p-bp-Ktf PwtL XtXm f w-{Ln-Zzbw
tajmizn{]Yam h¿£NcWm›{IÿnXm cmitbm,
cmint£{XKrl¿£`mn `hw ssNIm¿∞k{ºXytb. ˛
(tlmcm-imkv{Xw 1-˛4)
Ime-]p-cp-js‚ Ah-b-h-߃ 360 Un{Kn hrØ-amb cmin-N-{I-Ønƒ taSw
apX¬°pw PmXIØn¬ e·w-ap-X¬°pw Nn¥n°Ww. tlmcm-imkv{XØnse t«mI-
Øn¬ Imemw-Kmn.....-N-{I-ÿnXm cmibx F∂-Xp-sIm- v Dt±-in-°p-∂Xv cmin-N-{I-cq-]-
Øn-ep≈ ]pcp-j-s-bm-Wv. F∂m¬ ^e-Zo-]n-I-bn¬ hne-·m¬ F∂v FSpØp ]d-™n-
´p-≈-Xp-sIm- v PmX-I-Øn¬ e·w- ap-X¬°mWv CXp Nn¥n-t°-- -sX∂p hy‡-am-°p-
∂p. Ct∏mƒ km[m-cW sNbvXp-hcp-∂Xv IpP≥ PmX-I-Øn¬ Nnß-Øn-em-sW-¶n¬,
Nnßw F{Xmw `mh-amtWm AhnsS Hcp AS-bmfw ]d-bpI F∂-XmWv.
cmin-k‘nIƒ
Afn-Q-j-Ip-fo-cm-¥n-a-anZw
Afn ˛ tXƒ (hr›nIw),
Qjw ˛ a’yw (aow),
Ipfocw ˛ R- v (I¿-°-SIw),
A¥naw ˛ Ah-km--cmin (aow),
CZw ˛ C{]-Imcw,
`k‘nx ˛ cmin-k‘nIƒ
hyJymXm ˛ F∂p {]kn≤w.
kI-e-`-h-m-¥m-]n ]tc ˛ cmin-Iƒ tNcp-∂n-S-sØ√mw k‘n-bp-
s- ∂pw Nne¿°v A`n-{]m-b-ap-- v.
cmin-k‘nIfpw £{Xk‘nIfpw
ÿmw cmin-k-‘n- £-{X-k‘n
120w
I¿°Sw ˛ Nnßw B-bneyw ˛ aIw
240w
hr›nIw ˛ [p Xr-t°´ ˛ aq-ew
360w
aow ˛ taSw tc-hXn ˛ Aiz-Xn

6. tlmcmimkv{Xw: 1˛7
iin`hmfnQjm¥ar£k‘n....
N{μ≥ k‘n IS-°p-tºm-gmWv Kfim¥w. Kfim¥w aq∂p hn[-ap-- v.
cminK-fim-¥w, £-{X-K-fim-¥w, XnYn-K-fim-¥w.
^e-Zo-]n-I-bnse ASpØ t«mI-Øn-tebv°p IS-°p-∂-Xn-p-apºv tlmcm-im-
kv{XØn¬n∂pXs∂ cmin-kz-cq]w hnhcn°p∂ Hcp t«mIw D≤-cn-°mw.
tlmcm-imkv{Xw 1-˛5
a’yu LSo ran-Ypw kKZw khoWw
Nm]o tcm-iz-P-Ltm aItcm arKmkyx
Xueox kkkyZlm πhKm N Iym
tijmx kzm-a-k-Zr-im -kz-N-cm› k¿th.
cmin-kz-cq]w
1. a’yu ˛ c- p a’y-߃ (ao-w)
2 LSo ˛ IpSw ]nSn-®-h≥ (Ipw-`w)
3 ran-Ypw kKZw khoWw ˛ KZ-tb-¥nb ]pcp-jpw, hoW ]nSn®
kv{Xobpw (anYpw)
4 Nm]o tcm-iz-P-Ltm - ˛ Nm]n cx Aiz PLx
˛ Acbv°p apI-fn¬, Iøn¬
hnt√m-Sp-Iq-Snb ]pcp-j≥,
Acbv°p Xmsg IpXn-c ([-p)
5 aItcm arKmky ˛ amns‚ apJap≈ aI-c-a’yw
Asæn amns ]IpXn
hngpßnb apXe (a-I-cw)
6 Xueo ˛ Xpem p ]nSn® ]pcp-j≥(Xp-emw)
7 kkkyZlm πhKm N Iym ˛ Hcp Iøn¬ kkyhpw at‰
Iøn¬ ]¥hpw ]nSn®v tXmWn-bn¬
Ccn-°p∂ Iy-I (I-∂n)
tijmx kzmakZrim ˛ tijn-®h Xß-fpsS t]cn--p-k-cn-®p-≈h
8. taSw ˛ BSv
9. CShw ˛ Imf
10. I¿°SIw ˛ R- v
11. Nnßw ˛ knwlw
12. hr›nIw ˛ tXfv
kzN-cm› k¿th ˛ F√mw Xm¥m-ß-fpsS ÿe-ß-fn¬
k©-cn-°p-∂h.
kzN-cm› k¿th F∂-Xns‚ hni-Zo-I-c-W-amWv ^e-Zo-]n-I-bnse ASpØ t«mIw
(5)
ActWy tIZmtc ib--`-ht iz{`k-ente
Kncu ]mYx- kkym-zn-X-`phn hnimw[mavn kpjntc
Pm-[o-i-ÿmt kPehn]nt [mavn hnN-c¬
Ipemte Ioemte hk-Xn-cpZnXm taj-`-h-mXv.

7. ActWy ˛ Im´n¬,
tIZmtc ˛ hb-en¬,
ib--`-ht ˛ InS-∏p-ap-dnbn¬,
ip{`kente ˛ ip≤-P-e-Øn¬,
Kncu ˛ ae-I-fn¬,
]mYx kkym-zn-X-`phn ˛ Pehpw kky-ß-fp-ap≈ ÿew,
hnimw-[mavn ˛ I®-h-S-ÿ-e-߃,
kpjntc ˛ s]mØp-I-fn¬,
Pm-[o-i-ÿmt ˛ sIm´m-c-ß-fn¬,
kP-e-hn-]nt ˛ Pe-ap≈ Im´n¬,
[mavn hnN-cXv Ipemte ˛ a¨]m-{X߃-- D- m°p-∂ ÿe-w
Ioemte ˛ Pe-Øn¬,
hkXnx DZnXm ˛ hmk-ÿmw ]d-b-∏-Sp-∂p,
taj-`-h-mXv ˛ taSw cmin-ap-X¬.
cmin-ÿm-߃
cmin kzcq]w ÿmw
1. ta-Sw BSv ImSv
2. C-S-hw Imf hb-¬
3. an-Yp-w bph-an-Yp--߃ InS-∏p-ap-dn
4. I¿°-S-Iw R- v ip≤Pew
5. Nn-ßw knwlw ae{ºtZiw
6. I-∂n IyI Pehpw kky-ß-fp-ap≈ ÿew
7. Xp-emw Xpem v I®-h-S-ÿ-e-߃
8. hr-›n-Iw R- v s]mØv
9. [-p cmPKpcp cmPkZ v
10. a-I-cw aI-c-a’yw Pemibßfp≈ ImSv
11. Ipw-`w IpSw a¨]m-{X߃-- D- m°p-∂ÿe-w
12. ao-w c- p a’y-߃ Pew
(6)
`uax ip-{I-_p-t[μp kqcyiin-Pmx ip-{Im-c- Po-hm¿°Pmx
atμm tZh-Kpcpx {ItaW IYnXm tajmZn cmio-izcmx
kqcym-Zp-®-Krlmx {Intbm hrjar-K-kv{Xo -I¿°n -ao-m-kvXpemx
Zn{‡yw-ssi¿a-p-bpIv XnYojp`-Jmw-ssikvtX f kvX oNmx {IamXv.
{Kl-ß-fpsS cmiym-[n-]Xyw
`uax ip-{I....tajmZn cmio-izcmx ˛ taSw XpS-ßnb cmin-IfpsS m-Y-∑m¿
{ItaW IYnXm ˛ {Ia-Øn¬ ]d-b-s∏-Sp∂p....
cmin cmiym[n]≥
1. taSw `ua ˛ Ip-P≥ ˛ Ip
2. CShw ip{I ˛ ip{I≥ ˛ ip
3. anYpw _p[ ˛ _p[≥ ˛ _p
4. I¿°-Sw Cμp ˛ N-{μ≥ ˛ N
5. Nnßw kqcy ˛ chn ˛ c
6. I∂n iinPm ˛ _p-[≥ ˛ _p
7. Xpemw ip{I ˛ ip{I≥ ˛ ip

8. 8. hr›nIw Bc ˛ Ip-P≥ ˛ Ip
9. [p Poh ˛ hymgw ˛ Kp
10. aIcw A¿°P ˛ i-n ˛ a
11. Ipw`w aμ ˛ i-n ˛ a
12. aow tZh-Kpcp ˛ hymgw ˛ Kp
£nXn-P-kn-X-⁄-N-{μ-c-hn-ku-ay-kn-Xm-h-nPmx
kqc-Kp-cp-ku-cn-a-μ-Kp-cp-h› Krlmw-i-I]mx (tlmcm-imkv{Xw 1˛6)
cminN{Ihpw {KlßfpsS cmiym[n]Xyhpw
aow taSw CShw anYpw
Kp Ip ip _p
Ipw`w I¿°SIw
a N
aIcw Nnßw
a c
[p hr›nIw Xpemw I∂n
Kp Ip ip _p
kuc-bqYhpw {Kl-ß-fpsS cmiym-[n-]Xyhpw
kuc-bq-Y-Øn¬ {Kl-ß-fpsS ÿmw _p[≥, ip{I≥, -`qan, IpP≥,- Kpcp, in
F∂ {Ia-Øn-em-Wt√m. Cu {Ia-Øn¬ Øs∂-bmWv {Kl-ß-fpsS cmiym-[n-]-Xyhpw
hcp-∂Xv. apI-fn se 6 FÆw N{μ-m[ohpw XmgsØ 6 FÆw kqcy-m[ohp-am-Wv.
kqcyp]Icw `qanbmWv Cu cminN{IØns‚ tI{μw F∂Xp am{XamWv Hcp
hyXymkw.
{Kl-ß-fpsS D®-cm-in-Ifpw AXyp®ÿmßfpw
kqcym-Zp-®-Krlmx {Intbm hrjar-K-kv{Xo -I¿°n -ao-m-kvXpemx
Zn{‡yw-ssi¿a-p-bpIv XnYojp`-Jmw-ssikvtX f kvX oNmx {IamXv.
kqcymXv ˛ kqcy≥apX¬°,v
D®-Krlm ˛ D®cmin-Iƒ,
{Klw cmin
chn {Inb ˛ ta-Sw,
N{μ≥ hrj ˛ C-Shw,
IpP≥ arK ˛ a-I-cw,
_p[≥ kv{Xo ˛ I-∂n,
Kpcp I¿°n ˛ I¿°-S-Iw,
ip{I≥ ao ˛ aow,
in Xpemw ˛ Xpemw,

9. D®w `qXkwJybn¬
ZnIv ˛ ]Øp Zn°pIƒ ˛ 10
{Xywssix ˛ 3 `mK
ap-bpIv ˛ ap°ƒ 14, 14 $ 2 = 28
XnYn ˛ XnYnIƒ 15.
Cjp ˛ icw ˛ ]©ic߃ ˛ 5
`w ˛ 27 £{X߃ ˛ 27
J ˛ J߃ 10+ 10 = 20
AkvX ˛ (Chbp-sS) Ggmwcmin,
oN ˛ oN-ÿmw,
{IamXv ˛ {Ia-Øn¬.
]´nI
{Klw D®w AXp®w oNw AXnoNw
chn taSw 10T
Xpemw 10T
N{μ≥ CShw 3T
hr›nIw 3T
IpP≥ aIcw 28T
I¿°Sw 28T
_p[≥ I∂n 15T
aow 15T
Kpcp I¿°Sw 5T
aIcw 5T
ip{I≥ aow 27T
I∂n 27T
in Xpemw 20T
taSw 20T
kq-cyv taS-Øn¬ D®w. taS-w 10 Un{Kn-bn¬ AXyp®w. Cu coXnXs∂ a‰p-≈-
h¿°pw. D®-Øn¬n∂pw Ggmwcmin oNw. AXyp®Øn¬n∂pw 180T
Un{Knbn¬
AXnoNw.
AP-hr-j-`-ar-Kmw-K-m-Ip-focm
Qj-h-WnPu N Znhm-I-cmZn XpwKmx (tlmcm-im-kv{Xw : 1-˛13)
(7)
knwtlm-£m-Ph[qlbmwKhWnPx
Ipw`-kv{Xn-tIm-Wmx -c-thx
- t⁄tμmkvXq-®-e-hm∂tJmUzn--i-sscx
-ZnKv`q-X-Ir-Xyw-issIx
Nm]m-Zy¿[h-[qr-bp-Kv L-S-Xpem
a¿Xym› IoSm f fn`w
Xzm]ymx I¿°narKm-]-cm¿≤i^-cmx
tijm-›-Xp-jv]m-Z-Imx.
{Klß-fpsS aqe-{Xn-tIm-W-cm-in-Iƒ
{XntImtW ˛ aqe-{Xn-tIm-W-߃,
cth-x ˛ kqcy≥ apX¬°v,
aqe-{Xn-tIm-Wcmin aqe-{Xn-tIm-W`mK {Klw ]cn[n
knwl ˛ Nnßw, tJm ˛ Jw ˛ 20T
c 1˛20
D£ ˛ CShw, DUp ˛ £{X߃ ˛ 27T
N 4˛30
AP ˛ ta-Sw, C ˛ kqcy∑m¿ ˛ 12T
Ip 1˛12
h[p ˛ I-∂n, ic ˛ ic߃ ˛ 5T
_p 16˛20

10. lbmwK˛ [-p, ZnIv ˛ Zn°pIƒ ˛ 10T
Kp 1˛10
hWnP ˛ Xp-emw, `qX ˛ ]©`qX߃ ˛ 5T
ip 1˛5
Ipw` ˛ Ipw`w, IrXn ˛ 20T
a 1˛20
knwtlm hrjx {]Y-a-j-jvT-l-bmw-K-Xu-eo
Ipw`m-x {Xn-tIm-W-`-h-mn `h¥n kqcym-Xv.
(tlmcm-im-kv{Xw: 1-˛14)
c-cm-in-Iƒ, IoS-cm-inIƒ, Pe-cm-in-Iƒ, NXp-jv]m-ZcminIƒ
(c- p Imep-≈h, mep Imep-≈h, Pe-Øn¬ Ign-bp-∂-h....)
...Nm]m-Zy¿[h-[qr-bp-Kv L-S-Xpem a¿Xym› IoSm f fn`w
Xzm]ymx I¿°narKm-]-cm¿≤i^-cmx tijm-›-Xp-jv]m-Z-Imx.
Nm]mZy¿≤ ˛ [p BZysØ ]IpXn (Acbv°p apIfn¬),
h[p ˛ I∂n,
rbpKv ˛ anYpw,
LS ˛ Ipw`w,
Xpem ˛ Xpemw,
a¿Xym ˛ (Ch) a-p-jy cm-in-Iƒ,
IoS Afn`w ˛ hr›nIw IoS-cmin (Nne-hymJym
ßfn¬ aohpw ImWp∂p),
Xzm]ym ˛ A∏v cmin-Iƒ (Pe-/Pem{ibcm-in-Iƒ),
I¿°n ˛ I¿°-SIw,
arKA]-cm¿≤ ˛ aIcw at‰ ]IpXn (A-cbv°p Xmsg),
i^cm ˛ aow,
tijm ˛ _m°n-bp-≈h,
NXp-jv]m-ZIm ˛ mep Imep-≈h.
1. taSw ˛ m¬--°men
2. CShw ˛ m¬--°men
3. anYpw ˛ apjycmin
4. I¿°SIw ˛ Pe-cm-in-
5. Nnßw ˛ m¬--°men
6. I∂n ˛ apjycmin
7. Xpemw ˛ apjycmin
8. hr›nIw ˛ IoScmin
9. [p ˛ 1. BZysØ ]IpXn apjycmin
2. c- masØ ]IpXn m¬--°men
10. aIcw ˛ 1. BZysØ ]IpXn m¬--°men
2. c- masØ ]IpXn Pecmin
11. Ipw`w ˛ apjycmin
12. aow ˛ Pecmin.
(8)
tKmI¿°yiz-P- -{I-`m-yY rbp-Mv
ao-u- ]tc cmib˛
kvtX ]rjvtTm-`-b-tIm-Zbmx kanYpmx
]rjvtTmZ-bmss›μhmx

11. kucm-x tij-Krlmx {ItaW IYnXm
cm{XnZypkw⁄mx {Iam˛
Zq¿≤zm-[ -a-h-{I (1)
`mn Xp ]p˛
kvXo-£vWmwip ap‡m¬ Krlm¬.
(1) ]mTt`Zw : h{‡
]rjvtTm-Z-b ˛ D`-tbm-Z-b ˛ io¿tjm-Zbcmin-Iƒ
1. tKm ˛ CShw,
I¿°n ˛ I¿°-SIw,
Aiz ˛ [p,
AP ˛ taSw,
{I`mn ˛ aIcw F∂n-h A©pw,
2. rbpMv ˛ anYpw,
aou ˛ aow F∂n-h c- pw
{Ia-Øn¬,
]rjvT ˛ ]rjvTwsIm- v DZn-°p-∂-hbpw,
D`-b-tIm-Zb ˛ c- p `mKw-sIm- pw DZn-°p-∂-hbpw,
BIp∂p.
3. tijn-®h (Nnßw, -I-∂n, Xpemw,
hr›n-Iw, Ipw`w Ch A©pw) ˛˛ io¿tjm-ZbcminIfpw BIp-∂p.
cm{Xn-cm-in-Iƒ, ]I¬ cmin-Iƒ
1. kan-Ypm ˛ anYp-hpw,
]rjvtTm-Z-bx N ˛ ]rjvtTm-Z-b-cm-in-Ifpw,
Cμhm ˛ -N{μ-s‚ Iogn-ep-≈-hbmIp-∂p.
kucm tij -Krlm ˛ tijn-®h kqcys‚ Iogn-ep-≈-hbpw,
ItaW ˛ {I-a-Øn¬
IYnXm -˛ ]d-b-∏s∏Sp∂p.
2. cm{Xn ˛ cm{Xn cmin-Iƒ F∂pw,
Zyp ˛ ]I¬ cmin-Iƒ F∂pw,
kw⁄m ˛ t]cp-Iƒ,
IamXv ˛ {Ia-Øn¬ ]dbs∏Sp∂p
.
cm{Xn-cm-in-Iƒ cm{Xn _e-ap-≈-hbpw, ]I¬ cmin-Iƒ ]I¬ _eap-≈-hbpw
BIp-∂p.
]´nI
1. taSw ˛ ]rjvtTmZbw N{μm[ow cm{Xncmin
2. CShw ˛ ]rjvtTmZbw N{μm[ow cm{Xncmin
3. anYpw ˛ D`tbmZbw N{μm[ow cm{Xncmin
4. I¿°SIw ˛ ]rjvtTmZbw N{μm[ow cm{Xncmin
5. Nnßw ˛ io¿tjmZbw kqcym[ow ]I¬cmin
6. I∂n ˛ io¿tjmZbw kqcym[ow ]I¬cmin
7. Xpemw ˛ io¿tjmZbw kqcym[ow ]I¬cmin
8. hr›nIw ˛ io¿tjmZbw kqcym[ow ]I¬cmin
9. [p ˛ ]rjvtTmZbw N{μm[ow cm{Xncmin
10 .aIcw ˛ ]rjvtTmZbw N{μm[ow cm{Xncmin

12. 11. Ipw`w ˛ io¿tjmZbw kqcym[ow ]I¬cmin
12 .aow ˛ D`tbmZbw kqcym[ow ]I¬cmin
tlmcm-im-kv{X-w: 1-˛10
tKmPm-izn-I¿°n-an-Ypmx karKm nimJymx
]rjvtTm-Zbm hnan-Ypmx IYn-XmkvX Gh
io¿tjm-Zbm Zn-_em› `h¥n tijmx......
Du¿≤-˛-A-[-˛-k-a-cmin-Iƒ
...Du¿≤zm-[k-a-h-{I`mn Xp ]pkvXo-£vWmwip ap‡m¬ Krlm¬.˛
Du¿≤z ˛ Du¿≤zcminIƒ,
A[ ˛ A[-a-cminIƒ,
k-a ˛ ka-cminIƒ,
h{I `mn Xp ]px ˛ h{I-cminIƒ F∂n-ßs,
Xo£vWmwip ap‡m¬ Krlm¬ ˛ kqcy≥ hn´ cmin-ap-X¬°v
{Ia-Øn¬ IW-°m-°-s∏-Sp-∂p.
DZmlcWw
kqcy≥ CShØn¬:
kqcy≥ apºp n∂ cmin ˛ taSw ˛ Du¿≤z
Ct∏mƒ (PØn¬ --)
n¬°p∂ cmin ˛ CShw ˛ A[
AXnSpØ cmin ˛ anYpw ˛ ka
]n∂sØ cmin ˛ I¿°SIw ˛ h{I
kq-cy≥ ]n∂n´ cmin-ap-X¬ ]{¥- p cmin-I-sfbpw Cßs IW-°m-°Ww
F∂mWv Cu X¿÷abv°Snÿmamb, tZhmKcn en]nbnep≈, ]Xn∏pIfn¬
ImWp∂Xv. F∂m¬ sIm√w ]Xn∏n¬ Du¿≤zm[ a h{‡`mn Xp ]p kvXo
£vWmwipap‡m¬ {Klm¬ F∂p aqehpw kqcy≥ hn´ cmin apX¬ mep cmin
Du¿≤zapJ cminbpw AXnSpØ mep cminIƒ XncyMvapJcminbpamWv F∂
A¿∞hpw sImSp Øncn°p∂p. A[w, kaw, h{‡w F∂nhsb °pdn®vv H∂pw
]dbp∂n√. kqcy≥ hn´ cminapX¬ {IaØn¬ Du¿≤zapJw, At[mapJw, XncyMvapJw
F∂nßsbpw ]d™p hcp∂p F∂mWv sNdph≈nbpsS hymJymw. aplq¿Ø
˛{]iv{KŸßfn¬ cminIsf Du¿≤zapJcmin, At[mapJcmin, XncyMvapJcmin F∂p
aq∂mbn Xcw Xncn°p∂p- v. AXn¬ kqcy≥ ]n∂n´ cmin Du¿≤zapJhpw Ct∏mƒ
n¬°p∂ cmin At[mapJhpw AXnSpØ cmin XncyMvapJhpamWv. h{Iw/h{‡w
Fs∂m∂v AXnen√. Hmebn¬ tZhmKcnen]nbn¬ ]I¿Øn FgpXptºmƒ h{‡w
h{IambXmsW∂pw hcmw. AsX¥mbmepw, Zn√n ]Xn∏pIfn¬ AXp h{IwXs∂bmWv.
(9)
tajm-Zml Ncw ÿncm-Jy-ap-`bw Zzmcw _ln¿K¿``w
[mXp¿aq-e-an-Xol Poh-ap-ZnXw {Iqcw N kuayw hnZpx
tajmZymx IYn-Xm-kv{Xn-tIm-Wk-lnXmx {]mKmZnmYmx {Iam˛
tZmP¿£w ka`w ]pamw› bph-Xn¿hmamMvKakvXm-Zn-Iw.
Nc-˛ÿn-c˛-D-`-b-cm-in-Iƒ XpSßnbh
Ncw ÿncw D`bw
Zzmcw _ln K¿`w
[mXp aqew Poh≥

13. taSw CShw anYpw
I¿°-SIw Nnßw I∂n
Xpemw hr›nIw [p
aIcw Ipw`w aow
]pcp-j-cminIƒ, kv{Xo-cm-in-Iƒ XpSßnbh
(....HmP¿£w ka`w ]pamw› bph-Xn¿hmamwKakvXm-Zn-Iw.)
{Iqcw kuayw
HmPw bp‹w
]pcp-j≥ kv{Xo
taSw CShw
anYpw I¿°-SIw
Nnßw I∂n
Xpemw hr›nIw
[p aIcw
Ipw`w aow
tlmcm-im-kv{Xw: -1-˛11
{Iqc-x kuayx ]pcp-j-h-ntX tX Ncm-K-Zzn-tZlmx
cminIƒ°v Zn°p-I-fpsS B[n]Xyw
tajmZym ˛ taSw apX¬°v,
{XntIm-W klnXm- ˛ {XntIm-W-߃ (5,9) AS°w,
{]mKm-Zn-mYm ˛ Ing°p XpS-ßnb Zn°pI-fpsS
(BIp∂p).
mY-∑m¿
Ing°v sX°v ]Sn-™mdv hS°v
taSw CShw anYpw I¿°-SIw
Nnßw I∂n Xpemw hr›nIw
[p aIcw Ipw`w aow
tlmcm-im-kv{Xw: 1-˛11
{]mKm-Zoimx {Inb-hr-j-r-bp-°¿°Smx k{XntImWmx
hmamw-K- Z£n-Wmw-K-cm-in-Iƒ
hmamw-K-cm-in-Iƒ Z£n-Wmw-K-cm-in-Iƒ
(CSXv) (heXv)
(1) cminN{IØn¬
Xpemw ap-X¬ aow hsc taSw apX¬ I∂n hsc
(2) PmXIØn¬
7˛12 `mh߃ 1 ˛ 6 `mh߃

14. 2. `mh-ß-fpsS t]cp-Ifpw Imc-I-Xz-ßfpw
(10)
e·w tlmcm Iey tZtlm-Z-bmJyw
cq]w io¿jw h¿Ø-amw N P∑
hnØw hnZym kzm∂-]m-mn `p‡nw
Zm£m£ymkyw ]{XnIm hmIv IpSpw_w.
H∂mw `mhw
1. e·w
2. tlmcm
3. Ieyw ˛ kpJw, BtcmKyw
4. tZlw
5. DZ-bw ˛ DZbcmin
6. cq]w
7. io¿jw ˛ inc v
8. h¿Øamw ˛ h¿ØamImew
9. P∑-w.
c- mw `mhw
1. hnØw
2. hnZy
3. kz ˛ kzØv
4. A∂-]m-w
5. `p‡n
6. Z£A£n ˛ heXpIÆv
7. Bkyw ˛ apJw
8. ]{Xn-I
9. hmIv
10. IpSpw_w
(11)
Zp›n¬tImtcm Z£-I¿Æmw› tkmw
ss[cyw iucyw hn{Iaw {`mXcw N
tKlw t£{Xw amXpew `mKn-tbw
_‘pw an{Xw hmlw amXcw N.
aq∂mw `mhw
1. Zp›n¬--Iw
2. Dcx ˛ Dc v (amdnSw)
3. Z£I¿Æ ˛ heXp sN-hn
4. tk -˛ sskyw
5. ss[cyw
6. iucyw
7. hn{I-aw
8. {`mXcw ˛ ktlm-Z-c≥ .

15. memw `mhw
1. tKlw ˛ hoSv
2. t£{Xw ˛ `qan
3. amXpew ˛ AΩm-h≥
4. `mKn-tbw ˛ acp-a-I≥
5. _‘p
6. an{Xw
7. hmlw
8. amXcw ˛ amXmhv
(12)
cmPyw tKm alnj kpK‘ hkv{X `qjmx
]mXmfw ln_pI kpJmw_p tkXp Zyx
cmPm¶w kNn-h-I-cm-fl[o `hn-jyXv˛
⁄mm-kq≥ kpX-P-Tc {ipXnkvarXn›.
memw `mhw (Xp-S¿®)
9. cmPyw
10. tKm ˛ ]ip
11. alnjw ˛ Fcp-a
12. kpK‘w
13. hkv{Xw
14. `qjmx ˛ B`-c-W-߃
15. ]mXmfw
16. ln_pIw
17. kpJw
18. Aw_p ˛ Pew
17. tkXp ˛ AW-s°-´v
19. Zyx ˛ ZnIƒ
A©mw `mhw
1. cmPm¶w - ˛ cmPNn-”w
2. kNn-h-I-¿ ˛ a{¥nam¿
3. Bfl ˛ Bflmhv
4. [o - ˛ _p≤n
5. `hn-jyXv ˛ `mhn
6. ⁄mw, (`hn-jy⁄mw --F∂pw ImWp∂p).
- 7. kpX ˛ a°ƒ
-8. P-Tcw ˛ DZcw
9. {ipXn ˛ {ippXnIƒ (thZ-߃).
10. kvarXn ˛ kvarXnIƒ (apkvarXn apXembh).
(13)
EWmkv{X-tNm-c-£-X-tcm-K-i-{Xq≥
⁄mXymPn ZpjvIr-Xy-L-`oXy-h⁄mx
Pman{X NntØm∞ aZm-kvX-Im-am≥
Zypm-≤z-tem-Im≥ ]Xn-am¿§-`mcym.

16. Bdmw `mhw
1. EWw ˛ IS-w
2. Akv{Xw ˛ Bbp-[w -
3. tNm-c ˛ I≈≥
4. £-Xw ˛ apdn-hv
5. tcm-Kw -
6. i-{Xp
7. ⁄mXn ˛ _‘p°ƒ
8. APn ˛ bp≤w
9. ZpjvIr-Xn ˛ ZpjvI¿Ω-߃
10. A-Lw -˛ ]m]w
11. `oXn ˛ `bw
12. Ah⁄m ˛ Ah-⁄
Ggmw `mhw
1. Pman{Xw
2. NntØm∞w ˛ hnIm-cw
3. aZ ˛ aZw
4. A-kvX ˛- AkvX-a-w
5 Imaw
6. Zypw
7. A≤z- ˛ SØw
8. tem-Im ˛ Pw
9. ]Xn ˛ -`¿Øm-hv
10. am¿§w ˛ hgn
11. `mcy
(14)
awKeyc{‘aen-m[n]cm-`-hmbpx
t¢im-]-hm-Z-a-c-Wm-ipNnhnLv-Zmkm≥
BNmcyssZhX]nXr≥ ip`]q¿h`mKy
]qPm X-]- p-IrX]u{X P]mcyhwim≥.
F´mw `mhw
1. awKeyw ˛ Xmen, `¿Øm-hns‚ Bbp v
2. c{‘ ˛ Zu¿_-eyw
3. aen ˛ Agp°v
4. B[n ˛ ZpxJw
5. ]cm-`hw ˛ A-ham-w
6. Bbpx ˛ Bbp- v
7. t¢i ˛ A]hmZ,
8. ac-W
9. AipNn ˛ ]pe
10. hnLv ˛ XS- -߃
11. Zmk ˛ th-e-°m-c≥

17. HºXmw `mhw
1. BNmcy - ˛ Kp-cp
2. ssZhX - ˛ tZ-h-X
3. ]nXr ˛ A—≥
4. ip`w
5. ]q¿h`mKy ˛ ap-÷-∑-kp-Ir-Xw
6. ]qP
7. X]- v,
8. kpIr-Xw
9. ]u{X≥
10. P]w
11. Bcyhwiw ˛ D-XvIr-jvS- IpeØn¬ Pw
(15)
hym]m-cm-kv]-Z-am-I¿aPbkXvIo¿Ønw {IXpw Pohw
thymam-Nmc KpW-{]-hrØn Ka-m-ym-⁄mw› tajq-cWw
em`m-bm-K-a-m]vXnkn≤n hn`-hm≥ {]m]vXnw `hw «mLyXmw
tPyjvT-{`m-X-c-a-y-I¿Ækc-km≥ kt¥m-j-am-I¿Æ-w.
]Ømw `mhw
1. hym]m-cw ˛ I®hSw
2. Bkv]Zw ˛ ASnÿm-w
3. amw ˛ A`n-am-w
4. I¿aw ˛ {]h¿Øn, sXmgn¬
5. Pbw ˛ hnPbw
6. kXvIo¿Øn ˛ k¬t]-cv
7. {IXp ˛ bmKmZn I¿a-߃
8. Pohw ˛ Po-hn-X-am¿§w
9. thymaw ˛ BImiw
10 BNm-cw
11. KpW{]hrØn ˛ kXvI¿Ω߃
12. Ka ˛ t]m°v (S-Øw)
13. B⁄m ˛ B-⁄m-i-‡n
14.tajqcWw.
]Xnsm∂mw `mhw
1. em`w ˛ em`w
2. B-bw ˛ h-c-hv
3. BK-a-w ˛ hchv
4. B]vXn ˛ e-_v[n
5. kn≤n ˛ In´¬
--6. hn`-hw (kn≤nhn`-hm≥ F∂pw)
7. {]m]vXn
8. `hw
9. «mLyX ˛ Io¿Øn
10. tPyjvT-{`m-X-cw ˛ tPyjvT-k-tlm-Z-c≥
11. Ay-I¿Æw ˛ CSXp sNhn
12. kc-kw ˛ kmc-kyw

18. 13. kt¥mjw
14. BI¿Æ-w ˛ tIƒ°¬.
(16)
ZpxJmw{Ln hma--b£bkqN-Im-¥y˛
Zmcn{Zy]m]ibhybcnx^ _‘m≥
`mhm-lzbm nK-ZnXmx {Ia-tim f Y eo˛
ÿmw {Xn jUv hyb ]cm-`h cmin-m-a.
]{¥- mw `mhw
1. ZpxJw ˛ ZpJw
2. Aw{Ln ˛ Imep-Iƒ
3. hma--bw ˛ CSXp IÆv
4. £bw ˛ miw
5. kqNIw ˛ kqNI≥
6. A¥yw ˛ Ahkmw, Ah-km`mhw
7. Zmcn{Zyw
8. ]m]w
9. ibw
10. hybw
11. cn^w,
12. _‘w.
eo-ÿm--߃
{Xn ˛ aq∂v,
jUv ˛ Bdv,
hyb ˛ ]{¥- v,
]cm`h ˛ F´v
(17)
Zpxÿm--a-jvS-a-cn]phyb`mh-amlpx
kpÿmay`hw ip`Zw {]ZnjvSw
{]mlp¿hn-e·Zik]vXNXp¿∞-`mn
tI{μm ln I- INXp-jvSbma-bp‡w.
Zpÿm--߃
AjvSaw ˛ F´mw `mhw,
cn]p ˛ Bdmw `mhw,
hybw ˛ ]{¥- mw `mhw.
kpÿm߃
kpÿm--w Ay-`-hw ˛ a‰p `mh߃ (6˛8˛12 Hgn®p≈h)
kpÿmßfmWv.
ip-`Zw {]ZnjvSw ˛ Ahsb√mw ip`IchpamWv
CXv kmμ¿`nIamb Hcp {]kvXmh am{XamWv. 3˛6˛11, 2˛7 F∂nh bpw ip`Ica√.
IrXyambn ]dbpIbmsW¶n¬ 1˛5˛9 `mh߃, AXmbXv {XntImW߃, am{XamWv

19. XnI®pw ip`Icambn´p≈h. ChbpsS ip`Xzhpw Bt]£nIamWv. `mh_eaps-
¶nte kpÿm ߃IqSn ip`ZamIq.
tI{μ-߃
hne· ˛ e·w (H∂mw `mhw),
Zi ˛ ]Ømw `mhw,
k]vX ˛ Ggmw `mhw,
NXp¿∞ ˛ memw `mhw F∂nh,
tI{μmx ˛ tI{μ`mhßfmWv.
I- INXp-jvSbma-bp‡w ˛ I- Iw, NXpjvSbw F∂nh
tI{μØns‚ ]cymbßfmWv.
(18)
]W-]-c-anXn tI{μm-Zq¿≤z-am-t]m-¢naw XXv
]c-aY NXp-c{iw ss[w _‘p-`w N
AY kap-]-N-bmn thyma-iu-cymcnem`w
hakpX`bp‹w kym{ØntImWw {]ikvXw.
]W-]-c-w apXembh
]W-]-c-w CXn tI{μm-Xv Du¿≤zw ˛ tI{μ߃°v sXm´p≈h ]W]cßfmWv.
Bt]m-¢naw XXv ]cw- ˛ AXnpsXm´p≈h Bt]m-¢naßfpw.
NXp-c{iw ss[w _‘p-`w N ˛ F´pw mepw NXpc{ißfmWv.
kap-]-N-bmn thyma-iu-cymcn em`w ˛ 10˛3˛6˛11 F∂nh D]Nbßfpw,
ha kpX` bp‹w kymXv {Xn-tImWw {]ikvXw
˛ HºXv, A©v F∂nh c- pw (ip`Icsa∂p) {]kn≤amb{XntImWßfpamWv.
]´nI
tI{μ-w 1 4 7 10
]W-]cw 2 5 8 11
Bt]m-¢naw 3 6 9 12
NXp-c{iw 8 4 . .
D]-Nbw 10 3 6 11
{XntImWw 9 5 . .
eoÿm߃ yq (tZmj) kz`mhap≈hbpw D]Nbÿm߃ A`nhr≤n
¬Ip∂hbpw {XntImW߃ ip`Ichpw BIp∂p. tI{μ߃ s]mXpsh
_eZmbIßfmsW¶nepw B[n]Xyhpw ÿnXnbpw Apcn®v ip`{Klßsfbpw
]m]{Klßsfbpw hyXykvXambn _m[n°p∂p.

20. {KŸkqNn
^eZo]nIbpsS hymJym߃
1. ‰n. F≥. mWp]n≈ Bim≥,
Fkv. Sn. B¿. ]ªnt°j≥kv,
sIm√w.
(10th Edition )
2. Dr. G. .S. Kapoor,
Ranjan Publications,
New Delhi (1991)
3. Pandit Gopesh Kumar Ojha and
Pandit Ashutosh Ojha,
Motilal Banarsidass Publishers,
Delhi. (2008)
4. sNdph≈n mcmbW≥ ºqXncn,
tZhn _p°v Ãmƒ,
sImSpß√q¿ (2009)
a‰p {KŸßƒ
1. i_vZXmcmhen -˛ {ioIWvtTizcw Pn. ]flm`]n≈
2. tPymXnjnL- p ˛ HmW°q¿ i¶cKWI≥
IqSmsX, tlmcmimkv{Xw, PmXI]mcnPmXw, PmXImtZiw, {]ivam¿§w XpSßnb
nch[n KŸßfpw tUm. _n.hn. cma≥, F≥. C. apØpkzman XpSßnb B[pnI
BNmcy∑mcpsS ]pkvXIßfpw Cu X¿÷abpsS cNbn¬ D]tbmKn®n´p- v.