1. THE PASSIVE VOICE AND MODAL
OF DEDUCTION

2. WHAT IS THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN ACTIVE VOICE AND PASSIVE VOICE ?
▪ In the active voice the subject is more important: who does the action?
▪ In the passive voice to center attention on the object

3. ACTIVEVOICE : STRUCTURE
SUBJECT HAS/ HAVE
PAST
PARTICIPLE OBJECT COMPLEMENT
PASSIVEVOICE: STRUCTURE
OBJECT
HAS/HAVE BEEN
PAST
PARTICIPLE COMPLEMENT

4. EXAMPLE:
ACTIVEVOICE :
They have made cookies for christmas
day
.
PASSIVEVOICE:
The cookies have been made
for christmas day by them.

5. NEGATIVE SENTENCES
▪ COOKIES HAVE NOT BEEN MADE FOR CHRISTMAS DAY
▪ QUESTIONS
▪ HAVE COOKIES BEEN MADE FOR CHRISTMAS DAY?

7. MODAL OF DEDUCTION
MUST
MAY/MIGHT
CAN´T

8. ▪ MUST: 100% sure about something is true
Example:
▪ MAY/ MIGHT: I’m not sure about something
▪ CAN’T:to say something is imposible.