This document provides an overview of organic farming principles and practices. It discusses key principles like biodiversity, integration, sustainability and natural pest management. It then examines various tools and practices used in organic agriculture, including crop rotation, cover crops, composting, intercropping, biological pest control and record keeping. The document emphasizes that organic farming aims to mimic natural ecosystems and biodiversity to build soil health and manage pests without synthetic chemicals.

1. Organic Food Industry:
An overview of the organic food industry in the United States. With a
look at the industry, marketing and investor outlooks.

2. Page Title: Page Number:
Organic Food Industry 3
U.S. Profile 11
Regulations & Certification 21
Organic Labels 34
Organic Programs & Services 52
Farming & Agriculture 56
Consumers 88
Industry Controversy 109
Page Title: Page Number:
Companies, Pros and Cons
of the Industry
123
State Profiles 133
Organic vs. GMO’s, Non-
GMO’s & Natural Foods
153
Market Overview 162
Future of the Industry 183
Investor Outlook 188
Work Cited 200

3. Food Industry: Farming & Agriculture
A look at what farming entails, Organic principles and Tools and Practices of the
organic food industry

4. Food Industry:
Farming- What They Do
Organic Farms And Processors:
Compiled By author from usda.gov

5. Food Industry:
Agriculture- Driving Forces
Consumer or Market-driven Organic Agriculture:
 Products are clearly identified through certification and labelling
 Consumers take a conscious decision on how their food is produced,
processed, handled and marketed
 The consumer has a strong influence over organic production

6. Food Industry:
Agriculture- Organic Principles
Biodiversity
Integration
Sustainability
Natural Plant Nutrition
Natural Pest Management
Integrity
Compiled by Author from attra.ncat.org source

7. Food Industry:
Agriculture- Biodiversity
 Diverse ecosystems in nature have a higher degree of stability than those with
only a few species
 Farms with a diverse mix of crops have a better chance of supporting
beneficial organisms that assist in pollination and pest management

8. Food Industry:
Agriculture- Biodiversity
 Good organic farmers mimic the biodiversity of nature through practices like:
 Intercropping
 Companion planting
 Establishment of beneficial habitats
 Crop rotation (or companion planting across time)

9. Food Industry:
Agriculture- Integration
 The drive to build biodiversity in organic systems encourages diversity among
enterprises, but not as isolated or independent entities
 The forage and grain needs of organic livestock make for a diverse mix of
crops
 Manure from the livestock enterprises is conserved as a nutrient resource and
recycled back to the crop fields

10. Food Industry:
Agriculture-Sustainability
 Organic farmers are often able to reap market premiums for certified
production
 Sustainability is an ideal and it is said that current organic farms are closer to
this ideal than most alternatives
 Conservation tillage was not and is not considered a traditional practice of
organic farming

11. Food Industry:
Agriculture-Natural Plant Nutrition
 The organic philosophy of crop nutrition begins with the proper care and
nourishment of the organisms responsible for the soil digestive process
 From the organic perspective, the conventional approach has several flaws

12. Food Industry:
Agriculture-Natural Pest Management
 In the organic "world view" pests are not scourges- They are indicators of the
imbalances in the agroecosystem and how it is managed
 Certain weeds, for example, tend to predominate when soils are too acidic or
too basic

13. Food Industry:
Agriculture-Integrity
 Consumers have a right to expect that the organic food they buy:
 Be raised by organic methods
 Be protected from contamination
 Be Protected from commingling with non-organic products

14. Food Industry:
Tools and Practices-
Planned Crop Rotation
Green Manures & Cover Crops
Manuring & Composition
Intercropping & Companion Planting
Biological Pest Control
Sanitation
Tillage & Cultivation
Mulching & Fire
Supplemental Fertilization
Biorational Pesticides
Foliar Fertilization
Esoleric Practice
Buffers& Barriers
Record Keeping
Compiled by author from attra.ncat.org

15. Food Industry:
Tools and Practices-
Planned Crop Rotation:
•Tool for annual
cropping systems
•Refers to the
sequence of crops and
cover crops grown on
a specific field
•Benefits to long and
short-term soil
fertility, and to pest
management
•Agronomic operations
depend on this
Green Manures & Cover
Crops:
•Green Manuring
Incorporating into soil
a crop for soil
improvement
•Cover cropping is
growing a crop for soil
and nutrient
conservation
•Desirable when it
includes nitrogen
fixing legumes,
economically feasible
when grown off-
season and when used
prior to planting
commercial crops
Green Manures & Cover
Crops:
•Manure is the most
traditional fertilizer
but has some issues
consumers don’t want
to use manure from
CAFO’s and
contamination risk
•Compositing stabilizes
nutrients in manure,
builds population of
beneficial organisms
and good for effects
on soil and crops
Intercropping &
Companion Planting:
•Interplanting two or
more mutually
beneficial crops in
close proximity is one
strategy for increasing
biodiversity
•Large-scale
mechanized crop
culture, this is
called intercropping
•Done on a smaller
scale, it is often
called companion
planting
•Ex: Soybeans & Corn,
Corn with pumpkins
Biological Pest Control:
•Organic farming relies
heavily on populations
of beneficial insect
predators and
parasites, pest disease
agents, insect-eating
birds and bats, and
other creatures, to
help manage pest
problems
•Farmers are
farmscapping-
designing and
maintaining both
permanent and
temporary habitats
specifically for
beneficial & helpful
species
Compiled by Author from attra.ncat.org

16. Food Industry:
Tools and Practices
Sanitation
•Can take many forms
such as: Removal,
burning, deep
plowing, etc
•Some can increase
erosion and reduce
biodiversity
•Growers treat those
practices as
transitional or rescue
options, rather than
relying on them on an
annual basis
Tillage & Cultivation
•Can accomplish a
many objectives in
farming systems:
weed control, crop
residue management,
etc.
•Organic growers focus
more on improving
tillage and
maximizing its
benefits
•Too much of this and
reduces the effect of
earthworms, costly
etc.
Mulching
•Entails the spreading
of large amounts of
organic materials —
straw, old hay, wood
chips, etc. — over
otherwise bare soil
between and among
crop plants
•Mulches regulate soil
moisture, Suppress
weeds, and provide
organic matter to the
soil
Supplemental
Fertilization
•To correct mineral
deficiencies in
organically managed
soils, organic growers
often apply ground or
powdered rock
minerals
•The most commonly
used rock mineral is
high-calcium aglime
•Organic growers are
encouraged to
experiment, but to do
so in a manner that
allows the actual
results to be
measured
Biorational Pesticides
•The frequency of
pesticide use varies
considerably with
crop and location
•Type of pesticides
allowed, Mineral,
botanicals, soaps,
pheromones,
biologicals
Compiled by Author from attra.ncat.org

17. Food Industry:
Tools and Practices-
Foliar Fertilization:
• Feeding entails the
application — via
spraying — of nutrients
to plant leaves and
stems and their
absorption at those sites
• Strictly supplemental
fertilization and
understood to increase
the production of root
exudates, which
stimulates biological
activity in the
rhizosphere
Esoleric Practice:
• The scheduling of
planting or other field
operations according to
lunar or other
astrological signs.
Dowsing and other forms
of divining may also be
used to guide
scheduling, fertilizer
selection, and other
facets of farming
Buffers& Barriers:
• Field buffers are strips
of sod or other
permanent vegetation at
the edge of or
surrounding crop fields
• Some buffers also serve
as beneficial insect
habitat
• Have an added purpose
in reducing crop
contamination from
chemicals used on
adjacent land
Record Keeping:
• Documentation of how
and where a crop was
raised, what products
were applied and when,
which bin or cooler it
was stored in, is of
critical importance to
establishing the
integrity of the product
• Certification may well
be denied is proper
records aren’t kept
Fire:
• Fire can be used in a
number of ways in
organic agriculture, the
area of greatest interest
is flame or thermal
weeding
• Liquid propane (LP) gas
is the fuel most
commonly used
• Searing is sufficient to
kill most seedling weeds
and uses less fuel
Compiled by Author from attra.ncat.org

18. Food Industry:
Principles & Practices-
Biodiversity
Rotation
Green Manure
Cover crops
Animal Manure
Composting
Intercropping
Biocontrol
Farmscaping
Buffers
Integration
Rotation
Animal Manure
Compositing
Intercropping
Farmscaping
Mulching
Sustainability
Intercropping
Biocontrol
Farmscaping
Green Manure
Cover Crops
Rotation
Animal Manure
Composting
Mulching
Buffers
Natural Plant
Nutrition
Rotation
Green Manure
Animal Manure
Compositing
Natural
Fertilizers
Foliar Fertilizers
Natural Pest
Management
Rotation
Green Manure
Cover Crops
Compositing
Intercropping
Biocontrol
Farmscaping
Sanitation
Tillage
Fire
Natural pesticides
Integrity
Buffers
Records
Organic Crop Production:
Foundational Principles And Practices
Compiled by author from source attra.ncat.org

19. Contact Us for the Full Presentation:
Mediacontact USA Inc.
13575 58TH Street North #160
Clearwater, Fl. 33760
T: 727 538 4112
E: contact@mcusa.co
www.mediacontactusa.com

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 Washington State Department of Agriculture http://agr.wa.gov/foodanimal/organic/
 Watrous, Monica. "Expo East 2015: Identifying the next Big Thing | Food Business News." Food Business News. SOSLAND PUBLISHING CO., 18 Sept. 2015. Web. 18 Sept. 2015.
http://www.foodbusinessnews.net/articles/news_home/Consumer_Trends/2015/09/Expo_East_2015_Identifying_the.aspx?ID={BF948432-397C-4571-A5A3-40A2ACED964B}
 Zitelli, Jennette. "Organic Sales Increase 11%, Totaling 5% of Food Sales." The Food Institute Blog. American Institute of Food Distribution, 17 Apr. 2015. Web. 24 Sept. 2015.
https://foodinstitute.com/blog/organic-sales-increase-eleven-percent