The document summarizes classifications of fungi imperfecti (asexual fungi) and provides a detailed taxonomy of fungi. It describes three classes of fungi imperfecti - Hyphomycetes, Coelomycetes, and Agonomycetes - based on their structures and reproductive characteristics. It then outlines several classification systems for fungi proposed by different scientists from 1950-1962 and provides a detailed taxonomy of fungi from the divisions Chytridiomycota to Deuteromycota.
2. Classification of the Fungi imperfecti
Following, a classification of the Fungi imperfecti
Class Hyphomycetes lacking fruiting bodies
Order Moniliales (producing spores on simple
conidiophores)
Order Stilbellales (producing spores on synnemata)
Order Tuberculariales (producing spores in sporodochia)
Class Coelomycetes spores produced in fruiting
bodies
Order Melanconiales (producing spores in acervuli)
Order Sphaeropsidales (producing spores in pycnidia)
Class Agonomycetes lacking spores
Other, according to Dörfelt (1989):[2]
4. Characteristics of "fung" in the broad sense
Achlorophyllous: Fungi cannot make their own food like plants. They are
heterotrophs and depend upon other organism for their carbon source.
Heterotrophs can further be divided into the following categories:
Parasites: Organisms that derives their nutrition from the protoplasm of
another organism (=host).
Saprobes: Organisms that obtains their carbon source (=food) from the
by-products of organisms or dead organisms. However, if the opportunity
arises, some saprobes may become parasitic. Such organisms are said to
be facultative parasites.
Symbiosis: In the strict sense, this term refers to the habitual "living
together" of different species. As such, there are a number of different
categories of relationships that may fit under this term. However, we will
define it in its most common usage: "The intimate association of two
dissimilar organisms in a mutually beneficial relationship, e.g. lichens
and mycorrhizae." This type of symbiosis is specifically referred to as a
mutualistic symbiosis.
5. 2. Eukaryotic: Fungi have membrane bound organelles, i.e. nucleus,
mitochondrion, E.R., etc. Once upon a time filamentous bacteria
called Actinomycetes were classified with fungi, but this is no longer
the case.
3. The the body or assimilative part of the fungus (=thallus) usually
takes the following forms:
A. Yeast: Unicellular fungi that reproduce, asexually, by budding or
fission (terms to be defined later).
B. Mycelium: The collective, filamentous strands that make up the
fungal thallus. Strands of mycelium is referred to as hyphae
(sing.=hypha). Mycelium may be of two types:
i. Septate: Mycelium that is divided into discreet cells by cell walls
that are laid down at regular intervals along the length of the
mycelium. These cell walls are called septa (sing.= septum).
ii. Coenocytic: Mycelium that is not divided up by septa and forms
a continuous tubular network. Septa, however, are present
occasionally, especially where reproductive structures occur and where
the cell wall of the mycelium has been compromised.
C. Some species may have thalli that are mycelium and yeast. Such
fungi are said to be dimorphic (=two forms).
9. Kingdom: Protista
Division: Myxomycota
(Currently classified with protozoans)
Flagellated Fungi
Division: Hyphochytridiomycota
Division: Oomycota
The above two divisions have also been placed in a
recently erected Kingdom: Stramenopila.
This kingdom includes the divisions Phaeophyta and
Chrysophyta, which you have already studied in the algae
portion of this course
10.
11. Kingdom: Myceteae (=Fungi)
Division: Chytridiomycota
Division: Zygomycota
Division: Ascomycota
Class: Ascomycetes
Order: Saccharomycetales and Schizosaccharomycetales (Yeast)
Filamentous Ascomycetes
Order: Eurotiales (Fruiting body a cleistothecium)
Order: Sordariales and Xylariales (Fruiting body a perithecium)
Order: Pezizales (Fruiting body an apothecium)
Order: Dothideales (Fruiting body an ascostroma)
Division: Basidiomycota