CONGESTIVE HEART FAILURE

1. CONGESTIVE HEART FAILURE (CHF)
MELVIN
PIOUS

2. CONGESTIVE HEART FAILURE (CHF)
Congestive Heart Failure (CHF) happens when blood
backs up, or congests, into the liver,
abdomen or lungs.
This typically happens when the heart
muscle is damaged, weakened,
enlarged.
One may also notice swelling of their
legs or ankles or possibly even the whole
body if left untreated.

3. Congestive Heart Failure
describes a condition where
the heart
muscle is weakened and
cannot pump as
strongly as before.

4. CONGESTIVE HEART FAILURE –
refers to
the state in which abnormal
circulatory
congestion exists a result of heart
failure
This means less oxygen is reaching
the
organs and muscles which can make
feel

5. Signs and symptoms of CHf
Shortness of breath often with
activities or while
lying flat
Weakness and fatigue
Awakening short of breath at night
Need for increased pillows at night –
helps lungs
drain of excess fluid
Coughing or wheezing
Swelling of feet and legs or other
“dependent”
Areas

6. Causes of CHF

7. • Hypotension
• Fluid retention & worsening
CHF
• Bradycardia & heart block
• Contraindication in pts with
CHF
exacerbation
Risk Factors

8. 1. History Taking.
2. Physical Examination
3. Vital parameters
4. 12 lead ECG monitoring.
5. Measure oxygen saturation.
6. Obtain initial serum cardiac markers
Nursing assesment

9. A • ACE Inhibitors
B • Beta Blockers
C • Calcium Channel Blo
D • Diuretics
E • Inotropic Agents
Treatment (Medication)

10. ACE inhibitors lower blood
pressure, improve blood flow
and decrease your hearts
workload
Examples: Captopril, Ramipril
A • ACE
Inhibitors
re
meals
B) Do not use salt substitutes
C) Choose foods low in salt and potassium
A) Take on an empty stomach, one hour
before Meals
B) Do not use salt substitutes
C) Choose foods low in salt and potassium
Side Effects:
Nausea/Vomiting/Diarrhea,Dizziness/Hypotens
ion Skin Rash
High Potassium
Swelling in face, neck or tongue

11. B • Beta Blockers
Beta Blockers slow the
heart
rate, lower blood
pressure and
lessen the risk of some
abnormal heart rhythms
Examples: Propanolol,
Metoprolol, Atenolol,Sotalol
Frequently prescribed
medications to treat HTN and a
primary CHF medication
Can be taken at any time of day
with or without food
Taking with food slows absorptio
and minimizes side effects
Side Effects:Low heart rate
Take your pulse everyday and
get medication parameters from
your doctor
Dizziness/Hypotension
Be careful when standing up
from a seated position
◦ Fatigue/Lethargy, Sudden
weight gain, Impotence
◦ Vomiting/Diarrhea

12. C • Calcium Channel
Blockers

13. D • Diuretics
Diuretics prevent fluid from collecting in your
body and decrease fluid in your lungs, making
breathing easier
Examples: Lasix, Bumex, Hydrochlorothiazide.
an antidiuretic such as vasopressin (antidiuretic hormone),
•Side effects:
•dry mouth,
•thirst, weakness, lethargy,
•drowsiness, restlessness,
•muscle pains or cramps,
•confusion, seizures,
•muscular fatigue,
hypotension,

14. E • Inotropic Agents
It is a substance that influences the force of
muscular contractions; an agent that increases the
force of muscular contractions of the heart.

16. • Lifestyle changes
• Monitoring for
changes
• Medications
• Surgery
Patient Education

17.  • Stop smoking
 • Loose weight
 • Avoid or limit alcohol
 • Avoid or limit caffeine
 • Eat a low-fat, low-sodium
diet
 • Exercise
Lifestyle changes

18. Call your doctor‟s office if:
◦ Short of breath. ◦ Swelling in your feet, ankles,
legs and stomach.
◦ Feeling tired, no energy.
◦ New or increasing cough.
◦ Dizziness. ◦ Chest pain. ◦ Feeling uneasy.
◦ It becomes harder to breath lying down or you must
sleep in a chair.
◦ Weight gain of 3 pounds in a day or 5 pounds in a

19. A)Go to the emergency room
B) Struggling to breath or unrelieved
shortness
of breath while sitting still.
C) Weight gain or loss of 5 pounds in 2
days.
D) Unrelieved chest pain. E) Confusion.
EMERGENCY

20. ?